University, Diss., 2001--München.

Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2003--Aachen.

This thesis outlines the search for neutral Higgs bosons in a mass range of m_H/A = 200 GeV − 1.2 TeV, decaying to a pair of hadronically decaying tau leptons. The search is performed using √s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.21 fb^-1, recorded by the ATLAS detector. No excess over the predicted Standard Model background is observed and upper limits are placed on the production cross section times branching fraction as a function of the mass of the scalar resonance. When combined with the results of the analysis where one of the tau leptons decays to either a muon or electron, the 95% confidence level upper limit on the cross section times branching fraction ranges from 1.4 pb at m_H/A = 200 GeV to 0.025 pb at m_H/A = 1.2 TeV for a scalar boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion, and 1.6 pb at m_H/A = 200 GeV to 0.028 pb at m_H/A = 1.2 TeV for a scalar boson produced via b-associated production. The results are interpreted in the Minimal Supersymmetric extension to the Standard Model (MSSM) as a limit on the value of tanβ, as a function of the mass of the neutral CP-odd MSSM Higgs boson. In the mmod+ scenario, the 95% confidence level upper limit is tanβ < 7.6 for m_A = 200 GeV, and tanβ < 47 for m_A = 1 TeV. For the mass range m_A > 500 GeV, the upper limit on tanβ is improved in comparison to previous ATLAS searches.

Title: Monte Carlo Simulations of the Tile Calorimeter and Measurement of the Z → ττ Cross Section with the ATLAS Detector Author: Mgr. Jana Nováková Department: Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics (IPNP) Supervisor: RNDr. Tomáš Davídek, PhD., IPNP Supervisor's e-mail address: davidek@ipnp.troja.mff.cuni.cz Abstract: The Monte Carlo simulations of the Tile calorimeter in the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, especially the electronic noise and multiple interactions (co-called pile-up), are discussed in the thesis. A good agreement in the cell energy distribution between data and Monte Carlo simulations is found. The cross section measurement of Z → ττ events with the ττ invariant mass between 66 and 116 GeV with the ATLAS experiment is described in the next part of the thesis. Data samples collected during 2011 corresponding to the integrated luminosity of 1.34 - 1.55 fb−1 are used for the analysis. The measurements are performed in three different final states depending on the decay mode of the τ leptons. The measurement in the channel with one τ lepton decaying leptonically into the electron + neutrinos (schematically τ → e + νe + ντ ) and the other one hadronically (schematically τ → hadrons + ντ ), especially the calculation of the nominal cross section and the evaluation of the systematic...

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The recent development of a framework called non-affine lattice dynamics made it possible to calculate the elastic moduli of disordered systems directly from their microscopic structure and potential energy landscape at zero temperature. In this thesis different types of disordered systems were studied using this framework. By comparing the shear modulus and vibrational properties of nearest neighbour spring networks based on depleted lattices we were able to show that the dominating quantity of the system’s non-affine reorganisation during shear deformation is the affine force field. Furthermore we found that different implementation of disorder lead to the same behaviour at the isostatic point. Later we studied the effect of long range interaction in such depleted lattices with regard to spatial correlation local elasticity. We found that the implementation of long springs with decaying spring constant reproduced the spatial correlation observed in simulations of Lennard-Jones glasses. Finally we looked at simple freely rotating polymer model chains by extending the framework to angular forces and studied the dependence of the shear modulus and the vibrational density of states (VDOS) and length and bending stiffness of the chains. We found that the effect of chain length on the shear modulus and the vibrational density of states diminishes as it depends on the number of backbone bonds in the system. This number increases fast for short chains as many new backbone bonds are introduced but slows down significantly when the chain length reaches 50 monomers per chain. For the dependence on the bending stiffness we found a rich phenomenology that can be understood by looking at specific motions of the monomers relative the the chain geometry. We were able to trace back the different regimes of the VDOS to the simple model of the triatomic molecule. We also explored the limits of non-affine lattice dynamics when describing systems at temperatures T > 0 and gave an approximate solution for the shear modulus in this case.

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has provided, and will continue to provide, data for collisions at the highest energies ever seen in a particle accelerator. A strong knowledge of the properties of amplitudes for Quantum Chromodynamics in the High Energy Limit is therefore important to interpret this data. We study this limit in the context of the High Energy Jets (HEJ) formalism. This formalism resums terms in the perturbative expansion of the cross-section that behave like αn/s log (s/-t)ⁿ¯¹, which are enhanced in this limit. Understanding this region is particularly important in certain key analyses at the LHC: for example, Higgs-boson- plus-dijet analyses where cuts are applied to pick out events with a large mjj and in many searches for new physics. In this thesis, we discuss two directions in which HEJ's accuracy has been improved. Firstly, we look at adding descriptions of partonic subprocesses which are formally sub-leading in the jet cross-section but Leading Logarithmic (LL) in the particular subprocess itself. This required the derivation of new effective vertices that describe the emission of a quark/anti-quark pair in a way that is consistent with the resummation procedure. The inclusion of such processes reduces HEJ's dependence on fixed-order calculations and marks an important step towards full Next-to-Leading Logarithmic (NLL) accuracy in the inclusive dijet cross-section. The second extension was to improve our description of events involving the emission of a Higgs boson along with jets. Specifically, we derive new effective vertices which keep the full dependence on the quark mass that appears in the loops that naturally arise in such amplitudes. The formalism is also simple enough to allow for any number of extra nal state jets in the process. Therefore, HEJ is unique in its ability to provide predictions for high-multiplicity Higgs-plus-jets processes with full nite quark mass e ects. Such a calculation is far beyond the reach of any xed order approach.

Submitted by ANDRES FELIPE VASQUEZ TOCORA (anfvasquezto@unal.edu.co) on 2018-10-02T21:56:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 thesis.pdf: 3832471 bytes, checksum: 13b65d2c4a9d5e2b2c7414dd2cdfba50 (MD5) / Rejected by Hellen Sayuri Sato null (hellen@ift.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo - Favor inserir a ficha catalográfica no pdf , logo após a página de rosto - No PDF está faltando as palavras-chave logo após o resumo e abstract on 2018-10-03T14:34:04Z (GMT) / Submitted by ANDRES FELIPE VASQUEZ TOCORA (anfvasquezto@unal.edu.co) on 2018-10-03T16:52:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thesis.pdf: 4205198 bytes, checksum: 499748f6d69605fda811e56805ac4e12 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hellen Sayuri Sato null (hellen@ift.unesp.br) on 2018-10-03T17:32:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 vasqueztocora_af_me_ift.pdf: 4205198 bytes, checksum: 499748f6d69605fda811e56805ac4e12 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-03T17:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 vasqueztocora_af_me_ift.pdf: 4205198 bytes, checksum: 499748f6d69605fda811e56805ac4e12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The main goal of this dissertation is to show the enhancement of the cross-section for the double Higgs production through pair annihilation by including effective interactions and through the non-perturbative Sommerfeld effect. Bounds to some Wilson coefficients were obtained from such enhancement, this in the scenarios of the future e+ e− -colliders (FCC-ee, ILC, CLIC). In order to achieve this, some computational tools were implemented: FeynRules, FeynArts, FormCalc, and LoopTools. It is also shown the enhancement of the double Higgs production in 2HDM and MSSM, discussing the general framework of these two models. In addition, it is studied the threshold behavior of the cross-section for the double Higgs production when a hidden sector couples to the Higgs boson, yielding resonances below the threshold energy due to non-perturbative effects. We study the Sommerfeld effect in the double Higgs production in the scenario of e+ e− -colliders. The enhancement is discussed as generated from a hidden sector coupled to the Higgs boson. Below and above threshold enhancements are presented. Such analysis is of importance in the ILC project, which will operate up to the threshold energy √s = 250 GeV. The results has been achieved by the use of computational tools like FeynArts, FormCalc, and LoopTools. / O objetivo principal dessa dissertação é, mostrar o aprimoramento da seção de choque para a produção em dobro dos bósons de Higgs, por meio de aniquilação de pares, incluindo interações efetivas e através do efeito não perturbativo de Sommerfeld. De tais aprimoramentos, os limites para alguns coeficientes de Wilson foram obtidos, isso nos cenários de futuros aceleradores de e+e- (FCC-ee, ILC, CLIC). Para atingir estes resultados, algumas ferramentas computacionais foram implementadas: FeynRules, FeynArts, FormCalc e LoopTools. Também, é mostrado o aprimoramento da produção em dobro de bósons de Higgs no “2HDM” e “MSSM”, discutindo o marco geral desses dois modelos. Além disso, foi estudado o comportamento, perto do limite de produção, da seção de choque da produção em dobro dos bósons de Higgs, quando um setor escondido é acoplado ao Higgs, produzindo ressonâncias abaixo da energia limite de produção, devido à efeitos não perturbativos.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho tem por finalidade determinar a luminosidade necessária para se impor um limite para exclusão e a signifucância para evidência e descoberta para um bóson de Higgs de mH = 200 GeV no canal qqH → ZZ → 4. Também, apresenta-se uma crítica a qualidade da relação sinal/fundo em eventos de fusão de bósons vetoriais conhecida da literatura atual. / This analysis aims to determine the luminosity required to impose an exclusion limit and significance for evidence and discovery for a Higgs boson of mH = 200 GeV on the channel qqH → ZZ → 4. Also, it presents a critical to the quality of the relation signal/background in vector boson fusion events known form the current literature.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:24:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-07-20. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:30:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000852052.pdf: 587500 bytes, checksum: 14bfe169c56bff4d399427656df6125b (MD5) / O espalhamento relativístico de bósons de spin 0 e de férmions de spin 1/2 por potenciais coulombianos esfericamente simétricos 'e analisado em detalhes com uma mistura arbitrária de acoplamentos escalar e vetorial. Mostra-se que a série de ondas parciais, seja para bósons ou férmions, se reduz à amplitude de espalhamento de Rutherford exata quando os potenciais escalar e vetorial têm a mesma magnitude. O mesmo acontece na aproximação de potenciais fracos. O comportamento da amplitude de espalhamento próximo das condições que fornecem a forma fechada é também discutido. A partir dos polos complexos da amplitude de onda parcial, soluções exatas de estados ligados para partículas e antipartículas em diferentes circunstâncias são obtidas. A quebra perturbativa da degenerescência acidental aparecendo em um par de casos especiais é relacionado com a não conservação do vetor de Runge-Lenz. No caso de férmions, as amplitudes de ondas parciais têm formas fechadas não apenas para as simetrias de spin e pseudospin mas também quando há uma ligeira quebra das mesmas. Mostra-se que no limite não relativístico, a seção de choque diferencial obtida se reduz para a seção de choque de Rutherford para simetrias de spin e pseudospin exatas e para a seção de choque de Mott quando a simetria é suavemente quebrada / The relativistic scattering of spin-0 bosons and spin-1/2 fermions by spherically symmetric Coulomb potentials is analyzed in detail with an arbitrary mixing of vector and scalar couplings. It is shown that the partial wave series for both bosons and fermions reduces the scattering amplitude to that one resulting in the Rutherford formula exactly when the vector and scalar potentials have the same magnitude. The same happen in the approximation for weak potentials. The behavior of the scattering amplitude near the conditions that furnish its closed form is also discussed. From the complex poles of the partial scattering amplitude for bosons the exact closed form of bound-state solutions for both particles and antiparticles with different scenarios for the coupling constants are obtained. Perturbative breaking of the accidental degeneracy appearing in a pair of special cases is related to the nonconservation of the Runge-Lenz vector. In the case of fermions, the closed form for the partial wave series occurs not only for the spin and pseudospin symmetries but also when there is a slight breaking of the same. It is shown that in the non-relativistic limit, the differential cross section obtained reduces to Rutherford's cross section when there are spin and pseudospin symmetries and to Mott differential cross section when the symmetry is slightly broken