During the first millennium BC, the people of the chalk landscapes of the Yorkshire Wolds began carving up their world with monumental linear earthworks. This project explores the meanings of the later prehistoric boundary systems of the Yorkshire Wolds. It writes a biography of the linear earthwork landscapes of the north-central Wolds, using geographic information systems (GIS), original fieldwork and theories of agency and memory. Tracing the construction, use and modification of particular linear earthworks, it examines how these monuments would have related to other features in the landscape, and how they could have exercised agency within networks of interconnected people, animals, objects and other places. Finally, the project attempts to situate these boundary systems within the larger context of Late Bronze Age and Iron Age society in order to understand how the later prehistoric people of East Yorkshire would have experienced their world. Taking a biographical approach to landscape and allowing linear earthworks to become the protagonists of this narrative, the project charts the life histories of the earthworks at Wetwang-Garton Slack and Huggate Dykes and investigates the collective authorship of the wider landscape. To understand the rural, monumental landscapes of the Wolds, we must consider the agency of not only people, but also of animals and of monuments themselves. By focussing on the relationships which bound together linear earthworks and other agents, we can begin to understand the ways in which monumentalised landscapes both reflected and generated the cosmologies of prehistoric communities. / The Appendices A to E are not included online.

This study is concerned with furthering an understanding of the behaviour of organisational boundary personnel, or more exactly, with how boundaries act as psychological environments. The study has two complementary aims: to describe the psychological environment encountered by boundary personnel and to offer a theoretical model of the organisation as a psychological environment, the latter being a prerequisite of the former. It is held that a social psychological perspective is needed which can deal adequately with organisations as antecedent conditions of behaviour, and that situational analysis offers a useful social psychological framework for this purpose. The empirical investigation is an initial descriptive study of the psychological environment encountered by boundary personnel. It is argued that initial descriptive studies are necessary when dealing with largely unstudied phenomena, and that this stage in the scientific process has often been undervalued by social psychologists. A diary analysis followed by interviews were used to elicit a range of situations encountered by boundary personnel having direct and frequent contact with customers and clients. Four organisations were studied, each having a different primary task. A self-completion questionnaire was administered to elicit judgemental data, using the situations as stimuli. Multidimensional scaling was applied to analyse the data, treated as four sub-sets. This yielded the dimensions underlying each data set and the representation of situations according to these dimensions in each case. The results suggest that three common dimensions (formality, anxiety and socio-emotionality) underlie the cognitive representations of boundary personnel, and that the psychological environment encountered is complex. A taxonomy of situations is constructed and several important hypotheses relating to the psychological environment of boundary personnel formulated. Implications for future research are discussed.

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Revealing the prior austenite grain boundaries from a martensitic structure is well known to be very difficult and dependent on the chemical composition and the thermomechanical processing of the steel. In the present study, four different chemical etching reagents and additional thermal etching have been conducted for thermomechanical simulated tool steels Orvar Supreme and Stavax ESR. The etching results have been characterized using light optical microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction. The obtained results show that saturated aqueous picric acid, oxalic and sodium bisulfite based acid reveals prior austenite grain boundaries well for Orvar Supreme. For Stavax ESR, only aqueous CrO3-NaOH-picric acid provides good results in revealing the prior austenite grain boundaries. Thermal etching shows good potential and if conducted properly, thermal etching is a good alternative to the chemical reagents from a health- and environmental perspective.

In a rapidly changing world, sustainability is becoming more and more of a priority for organizations. This paper evaluates the possibility of using the Doughnut Economics Model (DEM) as a tool to implement sustainability within an organization on the firm-level, highlighting the potential opportunities and limitations that it poses. Through case studies conducted with two organizations (Apotea AB & Proton Group), both common and firm-specific gaps within sustainability strategies are identified, and the applicability of the DEM is appraised as a tool to help fill these gaps. A qualitative research method was employed, and interviews were held with sustainability managers from Apotea AB and Proton Group. A qualitative thematic analysis process led to the generation of initial codes, themes, and patterns that emerged throughout the interviews held. The results from this study highlighted the illustrative and visual nature of the DEM, and how it could help firms view sustainability from different perspectives. The visualisation of the model helps stimulate conversations about sustainability within the firm, and raising awareness on the topic of sustainability, promoting it within organizational culture. This study additionally concluded that the implementation of the DEM in only a firm-specific, directly impacted area, could help the firm with pinpointing niche areas where the enterprise can make its largest contribution towards a safe and just space for humanity. On the other hand, this study found and supported existing claims through past research on the model’s limitations in terms of its downscaling, as the planetary boundaries are designed for a global scale. Moreover, the model lacks in defining policies, indicators, or measurements regarding areas of improvement. The opportunities that lie in the DEM are plentiful, however, the downscaling process on a firm-scale is extremely challenging, and little-to-no existing research or literature exists on the topic.

In den vielfältigen Genres der Musikgeschichte gab und gibt es zahlreiche soziokulturell und politisch bestimmte Grenzen, die entscheidende Auswirkungen auf die Funktion, die Strukturierung und die Darbietungsweisen von Musik haben. Damit ist ein bis heute virulentes Problem benannt: Wie verfestigt sind solche Grenzziehungen, primär zwischen den ›popular‹ und den ›artifiziell‹ definierten Kulturen? Da musikalische Grenzüberschreitungen immer auch auf – partiell gravierende – soziale Spannungsverhältnisse verweisen, können diese nicht aus rein ästhetischer Sicht verstanden werden. / Throughout history, a multitude of musical genres have been shaped by numerous boundaries, set by political and socio-cultural constraints, which have had decisive consequences for the functions, structure, and modes of the presentation of music. This raises a problem still virulent today: how entrenched are such demarcations, primarily those between so-called »popular« vs. »high« cultures? Since transgressions of such generic boundaries always reflect social tensions, sometimes grave ones, these »border crossings« generally have relevance and meaning beyond the merely aesthetic.

The world is simultaneously facing social and environmental sustainability issues. There is a decreasing window of opportunity to limit global warming in accordance with the Paris Agreement, significant biodiversity loss, and mounting inequality. This raises questions about our current economic systems’ ability to tackle the problems, which has given rise to new economic approaches. One such approach is Doughnut Economics which functions as a compass for a safe and just space for humanity and prescribes seven shifts in economic thinking for getting there. Given the urgency to identify and implement solutions to current sustainability issues, it is paramount to gain an understanding of Doughnut Economics' transformative potential by engaging with examples where the approach is used. To build on the knowledge of Doughnut Economics' transformative potential, this thesis investigates the case of Bannau Brycheiniog in Wales through the lens of the three spheres of transformation: the practical, political, and personal. The methods employed were semistructured interviews with a purposive and snowball sampling method. Additionally, one workshop with stakeholders was attended and the park’s Management Plan was analyzed. The results show that there are several factors in the practical, political, and personal spheres enabling the use of Doughnut Economics. These include data availability, favorable national legislation, and values that resonate with the Doughnut. Challenges include using proxies and indicators, resistance from some parts of the political sphere, and other priorities stemming from shortfalls in the social foundation. Furthermore, the results indicate that the Doughnut has impacted, and has the potential to further impact the three spheres in numerous ways. For example, by expanding the BB National Park’s horizons and contributing to a holistic understanding of the park, legitimizing existing ideas, and inspiring other actors to follow suit. The study concludes that the use of Doughnut Economics shows potential for change in a sustainable direction in all three spheres and their interconnections. However, the use of the Doughnut without explicitly implementing its wider theoretical background as described in the seven shifts mitigates the transformative potential. Thus, the study recommends an explicit use of all the seven shifts.

The relationship between counsellor and client has been extensively researched ever since the founding of psychotherapeutic treatment. Subsequently, it has been established as an integral and essential part of successful therapy. Yet, in regards to substance use treatment aforementioned research is still lacking. Few studies shed light on such relationships – even fewer on relationships formed within the unique settings of live-in treatment centres. Furthermore, the emotional handling of inter-relational work from the perspective of the professional is still remarkably absent from the scholarly world. Notably, professional perspectives are mainly presented in situations of boundary breaking behaviour and ethical misconduct. The aim of the present study was, consequently, to research how professionals conduct, care, and convey the phenomena of counsellor-client connections that are constituted within the above stated context. In order to fully capture the lived experiences of addiction counsellors, a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach was applied throughout – acting as both theoretical and methodological ground. Accordingly, a total of five semi-structured qualitative interviews were carried out and analysed through a hermeneutic-phenomenological lens. The result presents several significant findings in regards to how the professionals view boundaries, closeness and control in substance use treatment settings, which primarily include a certain all-encompassing duality: role changing is perceived as beneficial, albeit debilitating; closeness is seen as imperative, yet distance as integral; working with the self equates to working on the self. Overall, professional progression appears to echo that of the client’s – a supporting network, along with being earnest and daring, presents itself as keys for facilitating conducive change. Implications of above-mentioned co-occurrences are discussed, including suggestions for future research.

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No description available.