The local language production strategy (LLP) emerged in the early 1990s and developed into a key practice for major media corporations operating in Latin America, Europe, and Asia. This dissertation analyzes where Sony’s international production strategies intersect transformations in the Brazilian and Spanish film industries during the mid-1990s to 2010. The LLP strategy, widely perceived as a corporate product of globalization and market power of Sony, is simultaneously viewed as a culturally specific media product intended for local Portuguese or Spanish-language audiences using national tax incentive policies and talent. This project provides a multi-layered history of Sony’s trans/national practices, Latin American and European regional industries, Brazilian and Spanish national policies and conditions, and the creative agency and power of local film production companies. Adapted from Timothy Havens, Amanda D. Lotz, and Serra Tinic’s critical media industry studies approach and Paul du Gay’s “circuit of culture,” I conducted archival research and on-site field interviews in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Madrid, and Brussels with local producers, distributors, policymakers, lobbyists, and Sony executives. The study is grounded equally in box office data, co-production financing specifics, and cultural policy as well as first-hand accounts and industry discourse. Instead of labeling the LLP another all-powerful strategy of Global Hollywood, I explore the everyday practices, power relations, and complex negotiations involved in local and national agents working alongside large transnational media company to produce commercial films like Chico Xavier (2010) or Salir Pitando (2007). Sony’s local operations have to balance the global corporate strategy and logic with changing local conditions, policies, practices, technologies, and partnerships. Each location study illustrates a unique strategy and situation ranging from the quasi-autonomous operation in São Paulo to the short-lived, highly micro-managed Sony European operation in based in Madrid. I challenge traditional theoretical and industrial understandings of national cinema, media imperialism, media convergence, and the classification of Sony Pictures Entertainment as solely an American or Japanese company. What results is a close institutional analysis exploring issues such as what defines “local” media industries, the flexibility of the nation, and the position of transnational media companies outside the U.S. / text

This thesis explores the relations between Japanese Brazilian youths’ identity development and language use in their transcultural environment. After the amendment of Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act in 1990, a number of Nikkei- foreign nationals of Japanese ancestry- came to Japan to work as blue-collar laborers. The majority of those Nikkei were from Brazil since they had suffered an economic collapse since the early 1980s. Japanese Brazilian families are often called as “transcultural/ transnational community” by researchers of Japanese Brazilians as they are frequently forced to move around cities in Japan or between Japan and Brazil in order to find new employment. Applying the theoretical framework of narrative and qualitative content analysis, this thesis listens to the voices of Japanese Brazilian youths living in Japan who have accompanied their sojourner parents. Examining how Japanese Brazilian youths who were raised in Japan developed their sense of belongingness and identity both in the host and immigrant societies is crucial since they have the potential to play an important role in the future of globalization by taking advantage of their multiple language ability and their transcultural background. The voices of Japanese Brazilian youths in this study reveal five main themes related to their transcultural experiences. / Graduate

In the collaborative integration of the components in Brazilian folk music language and of western art music style, Villa-Lobos' compositional style is unique in reflecting a self-defined method apart from the development of nineteenth century Nationalism. The purpose of this study is to identify the use of the Brazilian nationalistic elements in the music of the Brazilian art music composer Heitor Villa-Lobos as well as to examine his approach of the use of the representative components in his writing for clarinet. The choice of compositions included in this document focuses on the three chamber music works with clarinet in the set of the Chôros: Chôros No. 2 (1924), Chôros, No. 7 (1924), and Quintette en forme de chôros (1928). The Chôros was chosen because these compositions exhibit the maturity of Villa-Lobos' writing style of Brazilian nationalistic language. This study also discusses the historical background of traditional choro music as a prominent style in Brazilian popular music during the 1920s and analyzes how this genre influenced the set of Villa-Lobos' Chôros.

No description available.

This thesis has analyzed syntactical errors made in written English by Brazilian-Portuguese-speaking students of English as a foreign language. The errors were analyzed and explained so as to determine whether the students use their native competence in Portuguese or their transitional competence in English in their hypothesizing in the target language. In case they use the former, their performance in the target language most likely shows a great deal of native language interference; in case they use the latter, their errors are mostly based on overgeneralizations, false analogies within English itself, or are caused by insufficient knowledge of the rule system of English, or by simple carelessness.By means f this careful analysis the investigator supported, at least partially, the hypothesis that native language interference, while an important cause, is not the sole cause of error in foreign-language performance, since approximately 57% of the errors were due to the interference of the mother tongue.

This thesis has analysed the sound substitutions Carioca students of English make when speaking it. It was the researcher’s purpose to find out what type of mispronunciations occurred and to separate the errors caused by the orthographic representation of sounds from the ones coming from differences between the sound systems of American-English and Brazillian-Portuguese languages.By means of an error analysis the researcher has found out that the main cause of Cariocas’ sound substitutions were due to interference coming from the differences between the sound systems of the students’ native tongue and target language and the way sounds are distributed (71%) as compared to 30% of interference coming from orthographic representations. It was also interesting to note that the interference of orthography decreased in the free speech performance.

Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 29, 2008). Advisor: Shawn M. Banasick. Keywords: Japan, Brazil, immigration, transnationalism. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108).

Thesis (M. Div.)--Emmanuel School of Religion, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 86).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 326-343). Also available in an electronic version.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Spanish and Portuguese." Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-214).