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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Otimização da autólise de Saccharomyces cerevisiae de cervejaria e extração de RNA

Oliveira, Antonio Martins [UNESP] 16 December 2008 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_am_dr_rcla.pdf: 1319026 bytes, checksum: b6ad03694a53b696678fbabde842876e (MD5) / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo otimizar a autólise de levedura fresca de cervejaria (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), visando a extração máxima de ácido ribonucléico da biomassa na produção do extrato de levedura. As variáveis estudadas foram pH, temperatura, % de NaCl, % de NH3, tempo de processo e, métodos de recuperação de RNA do autolisado. Os experimentos foram realizados por meio de quatro ensaios delineados segundo Box & Benken (1989) e avaliado pela Metodologia da Superfície de Resposta, utilizando-se o Software Statística 5.1 e a análise estatística ANOVA. A otimização foi concluída por meio do quinto ensaio com a produção do extrato nas condições otimizadas (55,2ºC, 9,8% de NaCl em pH=5,1 por 24 horas e, 12,2% de NH3 a 60ºC sob agitação a 200 rpm/15minutos. Três métodos foram avaliados para recuperação do RNA e das frações de extrato e parede celular: 1) autólise/plasmólise; 2) choque térmico por 1 minuto a 68ºC seguido da autólise/plasmólise 3) hidrólise química alcalina. Pelo processo de autólise em combinação com 9,8% de NaCl, a taxa de extração de RNA em 24 horas foi de 89,7%, com um rendimento de 51,3% em massa de extrato com 57,9% de proteína e, 48,7% de parede celular desidratada com 21,7 % de proteína. A utilização de 12,2% de NH3 em base seca de levedura permitiu o aumento na taxa de extração de RNA de 89,7 para 93,6%, mas um forte escurecimento foi verificado no extrato obtido. Na recuperação do RNA após precipitação protéica em pH 4,3 com posterior uso de 2 volumes de etanol em pH=2, recuperou-se 15,47%, 13,80% e 7,42% de RNA respectivamente com purezas de 49,85%, 51,70% e 38,70%. As taxas de extração de RNA da biomassa foram de 87,45% para o método 1; 91,40% para o método 2 e 78,80% para o terceiro método, indicando uma boa alternativa para redução do teor de RNA da biomassa e produção do extrato rico... / The present work had for objective to optimize the autolysis of fresh brewery’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), aiming the maximum extraction of ribonucleic acid of biomass in the yeast extract production. The studied variables were pH, temperature, % of NaCl, % NH3, processing time and RNA recovering methods from autolysed. The experiments were accomplished by mean of four delineated assays according to Box & Benken (1989) and evaluated by Surface Methodology of Answer, utilizing the software Statistica 5.1. and the analysis statistics “ANOVA”. The optimization was concluded by mean of the fifth assay with an extract production in the optimized conditions (55.2ºC, 9.8% of NaCl in pH 5.1 for 24 hours and, 12.2% of NH3 at 60ºC under agitation at 200 rpm/15 minutes. Tree methods were evaluated for RNA recovering and of the extract fractions and cell wall: 1) autolysis/plasmolysis; 2) thermic shock during 1 minute at 68ºC followed of autolysis/plasmolysis; 3) alkaline chemical hydrolysis. The process of autolysis in combination with 9.8% of NaCl, the RNA extraction yield in 24 hours was of 89.7%, with a yield of 51.3% in extract mass with 57.9% of protein and, 48.7% of dehydrated cell wall with 21.7% of protein. The utilization of 12.2% of NH3 in dried base of yeast allowed the increase in the RNA yield extraction from 89.7 to 93.6%, but a strong darkness was observed in the obtained extract. The RNA recovering after 4.3 pH proteic precipitation with posterior use of 2 ethanol volumes in pH 2.0, it was recovered 15.47%, 13.8% and 7.42% of RNA respectively with purities of 49.85%, 51.70% and 38.70%. The RNA extraction yields of biomass were of 87.45% for the method 1; 91.40% for the method 2 and 78.80% for the third method, indicating a good alternative for RNA content reduction of biomass and rich extract production in nucleotides. The extract fractions were evaluated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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