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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Never let a good crisis go to waste : En intervjustudie om hur budgetens roll påverkats under Covid-19 / Never let a good crisis go to waste : An interview study on how the role of the budget was affected during Covid-19

Ljung, Johan, Selskog, Jesper January 2021 (has links)
Problem discussion: Budgeting is about different assessments of the future and is based onthe premises that are considered when the budget is drawn up. When these assumptions turnout to be incorrect, the forecast can be misleading. This means that when organizations needa tool they can rely on the most, the budget will be the least helpful. Covid-19 has brought abig change in conditions for the hotel industry. The industry lost around 4 million guestnights between 2019 and 2020 in Sweden. Some research on how Covid-19 has affectedgovernment budgeting already exists, but when it comes to research regarding how Covid-19and economic crisis have affected budgeting in the private sector, previous research isrelatively limited. This study therefore intends to further contribute to observing how the roleof budgeting has been affected during the economic crisis. This with a focus on the privatesector, by examining how the role of budgeting in hotels has been affected as a result ofCovid-19. Research Questions: How has the role of the budget in Swedish hotels been affected byCovid-19? What was the role of the budget in the hotel before the pandemic? What role hasthe budget played in the hotel during the pandemic? Which part of the budget now has a moreor less prominent role than before? What are the underlying factors for the changes? Purpose: The initial purpose of this thesis was to, through a selection of hotels, examine howthe role of budgeting has been affected during Covid-19 in Sweden, as well as the underlyingfactors behind the changes. Due to absence of some respondents, a shift in the work processoccurred, to instead specifically examine the Elite Hotels Group, but the examined topic inthe essay remained the same. Method: The method used in this study is a qualitative interview study. The study is basedon secondary as well as primary data. Primary data has been collected from two semistructured interviews with different respondents from the Elite Hotels Group. One of theseinterviews was conducted over Microsoft Teams and the other was conducted over the phone,as personal meetings could not be conducted during Covid-19. Conclusion: Prior to the Covid-19 break out in Sweden, the budget played a central role inElite Hotels management system. They used a fixed annual budget which was supplemented 3by short-term forecasts and similar complements. During the pandemic Elite Hotels budgetlost its applicability, which, apart from a budget-like forecast led them to a completelybudget-free management and a shift in focus towards cost reductions and finding revenueswherever they could. Complements such as forecast and other management tools such asfocus on key figures, comparisons with the competition, communication and a generally moreefficient way of working were given a more prominent role. The underlying factors that madethe budget lose its applicability have mainly been people's behavior during the Covid-19pandemic, which arose as a result of the advice and restrictions issued by the authorities.These constrictions also contributed to major restrictions on the hotels operations as well as asteep fall in demand for guest nights / Problemformulering: Budgetering handlar om diverse olika framtidsbedömningar ochbygger på de premisser som beaktas när budgeten upprättas. När dessa antaganden visar sigvara felaktiga, kan prognosen bli missvisande. Detta leder till att när organisationer behöverett styrmedel de kan förlita sig på som mest, är då budgeten kommer att vara minst hjälpsam.Covid-19 har fört med sig kraftigt förändrade förutsättningar för hotellbranschen. Branschentappade omkring 4 miljoner gästnätter mellan 2019 och 2020 i Sverige. En del forskningkring hur Covid-19 påverkat statlig budgetering finns redan, men när det kommer tillforskning om hur Covid-19 och ekonomisk kris påverkat budgeteringen inom den privatasektorn är tidigare forskning relativt begränsad. Denna studie ämnar därför att ytterligarebidra till att observera hur budgeteringens roll påverkats under ekonomisk kris. Detta medfokus på den privata sektorn, genom att undersöka hur budgeteringens roll i Hotell påverkatstill följd av Covid-19. Frågeställningar: Hur har budgetens roll i svenska Hotell påverkats under Covid-19? Vadhade budgeten för roll i hotellet innan pandemin? Vad har budgeten haft för roll i hotelletunder pandemin? Vilken del av budgeten får nu en mer respektive mindre framträdande rollän tidigare? Vilka är de bakomliggande faktorerna till förändringarna? Syfte: Det initiala syftet med denna uppsats var att genom ett urval av hotell undersöka hurbudgeteringens roll har påverkats under Covid-19 i Sverige, samt de faktorer som legatbakom förändringen. På grund av bortfall av respondenter skiftade arbetsprocessens till attspecifikt undersöka Elite Hotels koncernen, men det undersökta ämnet i uppsatsen bestoddensamma. Metod: Metoden som använts i denna studie är en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Studien ärbaserad på både sekundär- och primärdata. Primärdata har samlats från två semistruktureradeintervjuer med olika respondenter från Elite Hotels koncernen. En av dessa intervjuergenomfördes över Microsoft Teams och den andra var en telefonintervju, då personligamöten ej gick att genomföra under Covid-19. Slutsats: Innan Covid-19 bröt ut i Sverige hade budgeten en central roll som styrmedel i EliteHotels. De använde sig av en fast årsbudget som kompletterades med kortsiktiga prognoser och liknande komplement. Under pandemin tappade Elite Hotels budget sin tillämplighet,vilket ledde till att de bortsett från en budgetliknande kostnadsprognos, övergick till en heltbudgetlös styrning med fokus på kostnadsreduceringar och att skrapa intäkter där de kundehittas. Komplement såsom prognoser fick en centralare och mer framträdande roll. Ävenandra styrmedel som fokus på nyckeltal, jämförelser mot konkurrensen, kommunikation ochett allmänt mer effektiviserat arbetssätt fick ett större fokus. De bakomliggande faktorerna tillatt budgeten tappat sin tillämplighet har huvudsakligen varit folks beteende under covid-19som uppstod till följd av de råd och restriktioner som myndigheterna gav ut, som även bidrogmed stora inskränkningar mot hotellets verksamhet och att efterfrågan på gästnätter minskadedrastiskt.
12

Beyond Budgeting, en framgångsfaktor? : En studie på om BeyondBudgeting utmärker sig som en framgångsfaktor när det kommer till lönsamhet bland de 30 största bolagen på stockholmsbörsen. / Beyond Budgeting, a success factor? : A study about if Beyond Budgeting stands out as a success factor when it comes to profitability among the 30 biggest companieson the Stockholm stock market.

Kärki, Kim, Rasanayagam, Robin January 2021 (has links)
Förmågan att kunna anpassa sig efter rådande omständigheter har aldrig varit mer påtagligt än idag. När Coronapandemin lamslog hela världen 2020 var det mycket i det vardagliga livet som förändrades. Det gick inte att gå ut och äta, träffa sina nära och kära eller planera nästa semester på samma sätt som tidigare. Men det va inte bara enskilda individer som drabbades, många företag fick stänga igen och gick i konkurs. Majoriteten av företagen idag använder sig ett traditionellt sätt för att budgetera och planera för framtiden, man gör budgetar för kommande period och förhåller sig sedan till dessa. Detta sätt att planera och budgetera lyfts fram som kostsamt, tidskrävande och att det försvårar möjligheterna att anpassa sig efter ändrade omständigheter. Men på senare tid har ett alternativ planerings- och budgeteringssätt vuxit fram. Beyond Budgeting är ett alternativ till det traditionella sättet och innebär att man avskaffar dessa traditionella budgetar och använder sig istället av rullande prognoser, benchmarking och balanced scorecard för att bara nämna några styrmedel. Förespråkarna för Beyond Budgeting menar att detta nya sätt att planera och budgetera skulle eliminera de negativa delar som de traditionella metoderna för med sig och att det skulle leda till ökad lönsamhet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur företag på OMXS30 Nasdaq Stockholm som använder Beyond Budgeting och företag som inte använder Beyond Budgeting skiljer sig åt i lönsamhet, genom att undersöka fem nyckeltal. Nyckeltalen som undersöks är vinstmarginal, likviditet, soliditet, kapitalomsättningshastighet och räntabilitet på totalt kapital. I denna studie har en kvantitativ metod tillämpats där sekundärdata i form av årsredovisningar för åren 2017, 2018 och 2019 hämtats för företagen listade på OMXS30 Nasdaq Stockholm. Nyckeltalen vinstmarginal, likviditet, soliditet, kapitalomsättningshastighet och räntabilitet på totalt kapital har sedan valts ut som representativt för lönsamhet. Resultatet för denna studien påvisar att det inte finns någon statistiskt signifikant skillnad i lönsamhet mellan de företag som använder Beyond Budgeting och de företag som inte använder Beyond Budgeting. Studien visar således att det inte finns något samband mellan Beyond Budgeting och lönsamhet. / The ability to adapt to prevailing circumstances has never been more evident than today. When the Corona Pandemic paralyzed the whole world in 2020, much of everyday life changed. It was no longer possible to go out to eat, meet loved ones or plan the next vacation in the same way as before. But it was not just individuals who were affected, many companies had to close and went bankrupt. The majority of companies today use a traditional way of budgeting and planning for the future, they make budgets for the up coming period and then relate to these. This way of planning and budget is often highlighted as costly, time consuming and that it makes it more difficult to adapt to changing circumstances. But recently, an alternative planning and budgeting method has emerged. Beyond Budgeting is an alternative to the traditional way and means that you abolish these traditional budgets and instead use rolling forecasts, benchmarking and balanced scorecard to name just a few instruments. Proponents of Beyond Budgeting believe that this new way of planning and budgeting would eliminate the negative elements that traditional methods bring with them and that it would lead to increased profitability. The purpose of this study is to investigate how companies on OMXS30 Nasdaq Stockholm that use Beyond Budgeting and companies that do not use Beyond Budgeting differ in profitability, by examining five key figures. The key figures examined are profit margin, liquidity, equity / assets ratio, capital turnover rate and return on total capital. In this study, a quantitative method has been applied where secondary data in the form of annual reports for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019 have been retrieved for the companies listed on the OMXS30 Nasdaq Stockholm. The key ratios of profit margin, liquidity, equity ratio, capital turnover rate and return on total capital have then been selected as representative of profitability. The results of this study show that there is no statistically significant difference in profitability between the companies that use Beyond Budgeting and the companies that do not use Beyond Budgeting. The study thus shows that there is no connection between Beyond Budgeting and profitability.
13

Strategic planning and its alignment with the budgeting process in selected national government departments

Matshidza, Namadzavho Violet 11 1900 (has links)
M. Tech. (Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences), Vaal University of Technology. / South African government departments, through the relevant executing authority, are required to develop strategic plans in terms of the Public Service Amendment Act (Act No. 30 of 2007) and Public Finance Management Amendment Act (Act No. 29 of 1999). In terms of Treasury Regulation, 2005 section 6, the government departments are further required to comply with budgetary requirements. The key question in this research was to what extent is the strategic planning process aligned to the budgeting process. In light of the research question, the research objective was to investigate the alignment of the strategic planning and budgeting processes in the selected national government departments. In order to achieve the aforementioned research objective, structured questionnaires were distributed to 300 senior managers in the selected government departments of which 203 were completed and retrieved. The government departments that participated in the study were selected using the non-probability convenient sampling technique. A quantitative approach was followed, in which case a survey was used to garner data, which were analysed using statistical analytical methods, such as the means, standard deviations, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The five factors of strategic planning were extracted from the strategic planning questionnaire data and were coined strategic analysis and assessment (SAA), environmental impact assessment (EIA), goal setting (GS), responsibilities and resource allocation (RRA), and information system (IS). Correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive relationship between the five factors of the strategic planning process and the budgeting process. The regression analysis results confirmed the existence of a predictive relationship between the five factors of strategic planning and the budgeting process. The conclusion from this finding confirmed the alignment of strategic planning with the budgeting process in the selected national government departments. The internal consistency of the measuring instrument was tested by means of Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, while its validity was measured using face validity, content validity, construct validity, convergent validity and predictive validity. In spite of the positive correlation and regression analyses, recommendations were made to improve the strategic planning and budgeting processes.

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