Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:17:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mota_av_me_botfmvz.pdf: 188932 bytes, checksum: 7bd77108a3b7d5ef810521a374c7b9fa (MD5) / Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) / A fração de espermatozóides X ou Y foi separada por centrifugação em nove diferentes gradientes de Percoll com densidades que variavam entre 0,9 a 1,06g/mL que foi obtida através de solução “stock” de Percoll composta de 11 partes de Percoll em 1 partes de solução contendo KCl (1M), NaH2PO4 (0,1M), NaCl (1,5M) e HEPES sódico (23,8g/mL). Para preparação dos nove diferentes gradientes de Percoll adicionou-se à solução stock a Solução A (do diluente glicina-gema) em diferentes partes. O sêmen foi centrifugado em Percoll 80% em 200xg por 10 minutos, o “pellet” foi depositado sobre os nove gradientes de Percoll, centrifugado a 100xg por 30 minutos. O novo “pellet” formado foi lavado em TES, mesmo diluente em que foi suspendido para congelação, juntamente com os espermatozóides suspendidos foi congelado sêmen fresco apenas diluído em meio TES para controle. Os espermatozóides descongelados do controle e do sêmen tratado foram corados com quinacrina mostarda e quantificadas 200 células para obtenção do percentual de espermatozóides portadores do Corpúsculo-F, observando uma diferença média 17,5% entre o grupo tratado e o controle. A centrifugação apresentou, através de seleção, uma melhora de motilidade, vigor e cauda fortemente dobrada significativa para as partidas que obtiveram boa congelação, quando comparados o grupo tratado ao controle, sem alteração significativa de defeitos de cauda dobrada, peça intermediária e integridade de membrana e com aumento significativos de alterações de acrossôma. Pode-se concluir que a técnica desenvolvida mostrou-se viável para separação de espermatozóides portadores de X dos portadores de Y a serem utilizados em técnicas de IA e principalmente em FIV, eliminando a necessidade de capacitação empregada na técnica. / The spermatozoa portion X or Y were separated by centrifugation in nine Percoll’s density gradients, ranging from 0.9 to 1.06mg/mL. These gradients were obtained using the Percoll stock and a solution containing KCl (1M), NaH2PO4 (0,1M), NaCl (1,5M) and HEPES sodium (23.8g/mL) in the proportion of 11 parts of Percoll and 1 part of the tampon solution. In order to prepare the nine different Percoll’s gradients were added to the Percoll stock the A solution (glycine-yolk) in different proportions. To retire the spermatozoa were used 0.7mL of the buffaloes semen, centrifuged in a 80% Percoll solution for 10 minutes in 200xg, the obtained pellet were put in the nine Percoll’s gradients wich was centrifuged for 30 minutes in 100xg. The new pellets were washed by centrifugation in TES extender and suspended for freezing with the control (fresh semen diluted in TES extender). The frozen-thawed spermatozoa of the control and the treatment group were colored by quinacrine mustard and counted (200 cells), in order to find the spermatozoa percentage with the F-Body, showing a mean difference of 17.5% between the control and the treatment group. The centrufugation showed, through a selection, an improved value of motility, vigor and coiled tails in lot of good freezers when comparing the treatment group with control, whithout no difference were observed in the pathologic defects as simple bent tails, middle piece and membrane integrity with a significant higher levels of acrosome alterations. In conclusion, the technique developed to separated the X and Y spermatozoa was feasible and useful for the AI and, mostly, in IVF technique in which is dispensable to induce the capacitation of the spermatozoa.

Thesis (Maters Diploma (Medical Technology)--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 1993 / The object of the present study was to determine whether there was a difference in the flux through two different metabolic pathways, the purine salvage pathway and the urea cycle, in skin fibroblasts from three species. A double label approach was adopted to measure the incorporation of the purine bases, hypoxanthine and adenine, and the amino acids, citrulline and arginine in acid precipitable material. Before examining the between species variation it was necessary to examine different levels of possible variation such as the variation between individuals from each species, the variation between separate experiments and the replication error within experiments. Eight individuals from each of three species, bUffalo, human, and rhinoceros were examined with the labelled purine bases. Skin fibroblasts from four humans and eight rhinoceros individuals were also examined over varying passage numbers until the fibroblasts senesced, to determine the effect of ageing on the uptake of hypoxanthine and adenine. The same four human fibroblast cultures were transformed with a transforming virus and examined to see the effects of transformation on the uptake of the purine bases, these transformed fibroblasts were compared with previously transformed rhinoceros fibroblasts. The uptake of labelled citrulline and arginine was also examined in three individuals from each of the three species. The major part of variation throughout the study was found to be at the between experiment level, despite stringently controlled conditions. This between experiment variation obscured any variation found within individuals from each species. In spite of this major between - experiment variation, the results showed that there was significant variation between the three species in the uptake of hypoxanthine. Adenine uptake was similar in the buffalo and human, but was significantly different between both these species and the rhinoceros. citrulline uptake showed no variation between the three species, whereas arginine showed a significant variation between the rhinoceros and the other two species. Buffalo and human showed no significant variation in arginine uptake. There was a significant increase in the uptake of hypoxanthine and adenine in transformed fibroblasts relative to untransformed fibroblasts. As a consequence of the significant between-experiment variation demonstrated in this study, it is apparent that great care must be taken to standardize the conditions when using a double label approach, especially if the assay is to be used for the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism.

Orientador: Eunice Oba / Resumo: A fração de espermatozóides X ou Y foi separada por centrifugação em nove diferentes gradientes de Percoll com densidades que variavam entre 0,9 a 1,06g/mL que foi obtida através de solução "stock" de Percoll composta de 11 partes de Percoll em 1 partes de solução contendo KCl (1M), NaH2PO4 (0,1M), NaCl (1,5M) e HEPES sódico (23,8g/mL). Para preparação dos nove diferentes gradientes de Percoll adicionou-se à solução stock a Solução A (do diluente glicina-gema) em diferentes partes. O sêmen foi centrifugado em Percoll 80% em 200xg por 10 minutos, o "pellet" foi depositado sobre os nove gradientes de Percoll, centrifugado a 100xg por 30 minutos. O novo "pellet" formado foi lavado em TES, mesmo diluente em que foi suspendido para congelação, juntamente com os espermatozóides suspendidos foi congelado sêmen fresco apenas diluído em meio TES para controle. Os espermatozóides descongelados do controle e do sêmen tratado foram corados com quinacrina mostarda e quantificadas 200 células para obtenção do percentual de espermatozóides portadores do Corpúsculo-F, observando uma diferença média 17,5% entre o grupo tratado e o controle. A centrifugação apresentou, através de seleção, uma melhora de motilidade, vigor e cauda fortemente dobrada significativa para as partidas que obtiveram boa congelação, quando comparados o grupo tratado ao controle, sem alteração significativa de defeitos de cauda dobrada, peça intermediária e integridade de membrana e com aumento significativos de alterações de acrossôma. Pode-se concluir que a técnica desenvolvida mostrou-se viável para separação de espermatozóides portadores de X dos portadores de Y a serem utilizados em técnicas de IA e principalmente em FIV, eliminando a necessidade de capacitação empregada na técnica. / Abstract: The spermatozoa portion X or Y were separated by centrifugation in nine Percoll's density gradients, ranging from 0.9 to 1.06mg/mL. These gradients were obtained using the Percoll stock and a solution containing KCl (1M), NaH2PO4 (0,1M), NaCl (1,5M) and HEPES sodium (23.8g/mL) in the proportion of 11 parts of Percoll and 1 part of the tampon solution. In order to prepare the nine different Percoll's gradients were added to the Percoll stock the A solution (glycine-yolk) in different proportions. To retire the spermatozoa were used 0.7mL of the buffaloes semen, centrifuged in a 80% Percoll solution for 10 minutes in 200xg, the obtained pellet were put in the nine Percoll's gradients wich was centrifuged for 30 minutes in 100xg. The new pellets were washed by centrifugation in TES extender and suspended for freezing with the control (fresh semen diluted in TES extender). The frozen-thawed spermatozoa of the control and the treatment group were colored by quinacrine mustard and counted (200 cells), in order to find the spermatozoa percentage with the F-Body, showing a mean difference of 17.5% between the control and the treatment group. The centrufugation showed, through a selection, an improved value of motility, vigor and coiled tails in lot of good freezers when comparing the treatment group with control, whithout no difference were observed in the pathologic defects as simple bent tails, middle piece and membrane integrity with a significant higher levels of acrosome alterations. In conclusion, the technique developed to separated the X and Y spermatozoa was feasible and useful for the AI and, mostly, in IVF technique in which is dispensable to induce the capacitation of the spermatozoa. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-12-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:31:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pinheiro_lv_me_botfmvz.pdf: 102867 bytes, checksum: 956b862b0600de00a05218ae8f02b757 (MD5) / Com o presente estudo objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento relativo de órgãos e vísceras de bubalinos Mediterrâneo não-castrados terminados em confinamento. Utilizou-se 32 bubalinos com idade média de 14 meses de idade e peso corporal médio inicial de 330 kg. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos. Um grupo(AB) foi abatido imediatamente e os outros quatros grupos ( I, II, III e IV ) receberam, em baias individuais, ração contendo 70% de concentrado na matéria seca “ad libtum”, sendo abatidos ao atingirem pesos corporal individual de 450, 480, 510 e 540 kg, respectivamente. No abate determinou-se o peso do corpo em função do logaritmo do PCVZ( peso corporal vazio ). Para os ímpetos de crescimento alométrico dos órgãos em relação ao do PCVZ, encontrou-se para o coração e o pulmão crescimento tardio, para o baço crescimento isométrico e crescimento heterogônico negativo para os rins e o fígado, o que demonstra que esses órgãos( rins e fígado) tem prioridade na utilização dos nutrientes. / The objetctive of present study was to evaluate the relative growth of organs from water buffaloes. Thirty two Mediterranean intact males, averanging, 330 kg initial live fourteen months of age, were used. The animals were divided into five groups(categories). One group was randomly assigned to immediate slaughter (AB), four groups were full-fed a ratio containing 70% concentrate, dry matter basic until reaching the slaughter weights of 450, 480, 510 and 540 kg, respectively(group I, II, III and IV). At slaughter the empty body weights( EBW ) was determined and the weight of internal organs were recorded. Regression equations of log contend studied, with exception of liner and splen, developed slower than in relation to EBW.

Orientador: André Mendes Jorge / Banca: Vera Lúcia Banys / Banca: Heraldo César Gonçalves / Resumo: Com o presente estudo objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento relativo de órgãos e vísceras de bubalinos Mediterrâneo não-castrados terminados em confinamento. Utilizou-se 32 bubalinos com idade média de 14 meses de idade e peso corporal médio inicial de 330 kg. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos. Um grupo(AB) foi abatido imediatamente e os outros quatros grupos ( I, II, III e IV ) receberam, em baias individuais, ração contendo 70% de concentrado na matéria seca "ad libtum", sendo abatidos ao atingirem pesos corporal individual de 450, 480, 510 e 540 kg, respectivamente. No abate determinou-se o peso do corpo em função do logaritmo do PCVZ( peso corporal vazio ). Para os ímpetos de crescimento alométrico dos órgãos em relação ao do PCVZ, encontrou-se para o coração e o pulmão crescimento tardio, para o baço crescimento isométrico e crescimento heterogônico negativo para os rins e o fígado, o que demonstra que esses órgãos( rins e fígado) tem prioridade na utilização dos nutrientes. / Abstract: The objetctive of present study was to evaluate the relative growth of organs from water buffaloes. Thirty two Mediterranean intact males, averanging, 330 kg initial live fourteen months of age, were used. The animals were divided into five groups(categories). One group was randomly assigned to immediate slaughter (AB), four groups were full-fed a ratio containing 70% concentrate, dry matter basic until reaching the slaughter weights of 450, 480, 510 and 540 kg, respectively(group I, II, III and IV). At slaughter the empty body weights( EBW ) was determined and the weight of internal organs were recorded. Regression equations of log contend studied, with exception of liner and splen, developed slower than in relation to EBW. / Mestre

A study of the interactions between moose (Alces alces), elk (Cervus canadensis) and buffalo (Bison bison) was carried out during the summer of 1959 in Elk Island National Park, Alberta. The interactions studied were the possibility of competition for food and habitat, transmission of disease and dominance relations. A description of the Park is given. The distribution, habitat selection and food habits of each of the three species are discussed. The greatest interaction between these animals occurs through their effects on the range. Data, collected over the past years, on the incidence of brucellosis and its effect on the reproductive rate and health of the animals are presented. The high incidence of brucellosis in buffalo indicates that they are the source of the organism infecting moose and elk. Buffalo were found to be dominant over moose and elk. The effects of the existing dominance relations could not be evaluated. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Environmental Sciences) Johannesburg, South Africa 7 February 2013 / In 2004 Molemane Eye Nature Reserve was stocked with 46 disease-free buffalo with the intention of generating sustainable revenues for the Reserve. However, the buffalo’s poor population growth rate and poor body condition during the dry seasons led to management reducing the buffalo population to 21 animals in 2010. The buffalo’s poor performance has drawn the attention to the potential nutritional limitations of the forage available during the dry season and to the importance of key resource areas. I examined the nutritional content of the buffalo forage using faecal analyses as proxy for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), expecting a nutritional stress towards the latter part of the dry season. Data from the GPS/GSM collar on one of the buffalo cows was used to determine the dry season vegetation type selection and to identify key resource areas. A comparison of veld conditions was also done on the lowland vegetation types on Molemane Eye Nature Reserve and an adjacent property (Eye Area), which was earmarked for incorporation, to determine whether veld restoration work was required prior incorporation. It was established that the extended period of poor forage quality during the 2010 dry season was an important limiting factor for the buffalo as the forage quality dropped below the buffalo minimum nutritional requirements (Nf < 1.52 %, Pf < 2 %). A faecal sampling during early 2011 indicated that the nutritional stress period may last as long as 5 months (April to August). The buffalo did not select the vegetation types in proportional to their availability and narrowed their selection as the dry season progressed, preferring those containing woody elements. Of the 8 vegetation types indentified as key resource areas for buffalo during the dry season, the Eye Area holds 4 and contributes less than 5% to the key resource area already available on Molemane Eye Nature Reserve. The overall veld condition of the two areas was similar and no veld restoration work was deemed necessary. Although the incorporation of the Eye Area will shorten the distance between water and forage areas and have some nutritional benefits for buffalo in the dry season, mineral supplementation will be necessary for these valuable animals to become more productive and contribute to the economic objectives of Molemane Eye Nature Reserve.

Tendo em vista a importância da bubalinocultura como fonte de proteína para o Brasil e também do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e da Tuberculose para a evolução das cadeias produtoras de bovinos e bubalinos e, devido à escassez de estudos sobre o sorodiagnóstico da brucelose na espécie bubalina, procedimento no qual se apóia o processo de certificação de rebanhos livres e monitorados, o presente estudo objetivou comparar o desempenho de diferentes testes para o sorodiagnóstico da brucelose nessa espécie. Soros de 696 fêmeas bubalinas adultas foram submetidos aos testes qualitativos BPA, AATE, AAT e quantitativos: SRP, SLT, ELISAI, ELISAC, PF e ME e FC. Foi empregada, gold standard, a combinação de dois testes, FC e ME, considerando dois critérios: a) animais positivos para os reagentes na FC (título &ge; 20UI) e no ME (critério para fêmea vacinada) e como negativos os animais não reagentes na FC (título < 20UI) e no ME; b) animais positivos os reagentes na FC (título &ge; =20UI) e no ME (critério para fêmea não vacinada) e negativos os não reagentes na FC (título < 20UI) e no ME. Esta consideração foi necessária em função dos animais não apresentarem histórico de vacinação confiável o que interfere na determinação do ponto de corte a ser utilizado no teste ME de animais vacinados e não vacinados. Desta forma, numa primeira análise todos os animais foram avaliados no ME como vacinados e em outra como não vacinados. Com base nesses resultados, foi construída a curva ROC para todos os testes quantitativos (SRP, SLT, ELISAC, ELISAI e PF). Com os resultados dessa análise estabeleceu-se pontos de corte que otimizam os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade relativas para cada teste. Esses valores foram utilizados para o cálculo do índice de concordância Kappa para cada teste, incluindo os qualitativos. Concluiu-se que: a) os resultados dos estudos com os testes de ELISAC e PF em bovinos podem ser inferidos para bubalinos com razoável segurança; b) devem ser estabelecidos pontos de corte específicos para búfalos para o SLT, o SRP e o ELISAI; c) as melhores combinações de sensibilidade e especificidade relativas foram alcançadas pelo ELISAC, o PF, o BPA e o AAT; d) os melhores resultados de Kappa foram verificados para o ELISAC (kappa), PF, BPA, AATE e AAT; e) o BPA, AAT e AATE são os melhores testes para o sorodiagnóstico de triagem em bubalinos e o ELISAC e o PF são os mais promissores testes confirmatórios nessa espécie, já que ganhos adicionais de especificidade podem ser alcançados pelo aumento do ponto de corte. / Considering the importance of the buffalo as a protein source in Brazil and the National Program of Brucelosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication for the evolution of the bovine and bubaline sector, and also due to the few number of studies on serological diagnosis of brucelosis in this specie, procedure that supports the process of certification of brucelosis free herds, the present study aimed to compare different serological tests for brucelosis diagnosis on buffaloes. Serum samples from 696 adult bubaline females had been analyzed to BPA, AATE, AAT (qualitatives), SRP, SLT, ELISAI, ELISAC, PF and ME and FC (quantitatives). The combination of two tests, FC and ME was used as reference, considering two criteria: a) positive animals: reactors for the FC (titer &ge; 20UI) and ME (vaccinated females), negative animals: no reactors for the FC (titer < 20UI) and ME (vaccinated females); b) positive animals: reactors for the FC (titer &ge; 20UI) and ME (not vaccinated females), negative animals: no reactors for the FC (titer < 20UI) and ME (not vaccinated females). It was necessary because was not possible to garantee the true vaccination status of the animals. The first step was performing the ROC analysis for all the quantitative tests (SRP, SLT, ELISAC, ELISAI and PF), and so the relative sensitivity and specificity and the Kappa were calculated for each test. Conclusions: a) the cut offs of ELISAC and PF tests proposed for bovines can be used for bubalines with reasonable security; b) specific cut offs for buffaloes to be used in SLT, SRP and ELISAI must be established; c) the best relative sensitivity and specificity had been reached by the ELISAC, PF, BPA and AAT; d) the best results of the Kappa had been reached by ELISAC (kappa), PF, BPA, AATE and AAT; e) BPA, AAT and AATE are the best screening diagnosis test for bubalines and ELISAC and PF are the most promising confirmatory tests for this species.