Le monde est de plus en plus informatisé. Il y a de plus en plus de logiciels en cours d'exécution partout, depuis les ordinateurs personnels aux serveurs de données, et à l'intérieur de la plupart des nouvelles inventions connectées telles que les montres ou les machines à laver intelligentes. Toutes ces technologies utilisent des applications logicielles pour effectuer les taches pour lesquelles elles sont conçus. Malheureusement, le nombre d'erreurs de logiciels croît avec le nombre d'applications logicielles.Dans cette thèse, nous ciblons spécifiquement deux problèmes:Problème n°1: Il ya un manque d'informations de débogage pour les bugs liés à des exceptions.Cela entrave le processus de correction de bogues. Pour rendre la correction des bugs liées aux exceptions plus facile, nous allons proposer des techniques pour enrichir les informations de débogage.Ces techniques sont entièrement automatisées et fournissent des informations sur la cause et les possibilités de gestion des exceptions.Problème n ° 2: Il y a des exceptions inattendues lors de l'exécution pour lesquelles il n'y a pas de code pour gérer l'erreur.En d'autres termes, les mécanismes de résilience actuels contre les exceptions ne sont pas suffisamment efficaces. Nous proposons de nouvelles capacités de résilience qui gérent correctement les exceptions qui n'ont jamais été rencontrées avant. Nous présentons quatre contributions pour résoudre les deux problèmes présentés. / The world is day by day more computerized. There is more and more software running everywhere, from personal computers to data servers, and inside most of the new popularized inventions such as connected watches or intelligent washing machines. All of those technologies use software applications to perform the services they are designed for. Unfortunately, the number of software errors grows with the number of software applications. In isolation, software errors are often annoyances, perhaps costing one person a few hours of work when their accounting application crashes.Multiply this loss across millions of people and consider that even scientific progress is delayed or derailed by software error: in aggregate, these errors are now costly to society as a whole.We specifically target two problems:Problem #1: There is a lack of debug information for the bugs related to exceptions.This hinders the bug fixing process.To make bug fixing of exceptions easier, we will propose techniques to enrich the debug information.Those techniques are fully automated and provide information about the cause and the handling possibilities of exceptions.Problem #2: There are unexpected exceptions at runtime for which there is no error-handling code.In other words, the resilience mechanisms against exceptions in the currently existing (and running) applications is insufficient.We propose resilience capabilities which correctly handle exceptions that were never foreseen at specification time neither encountered during development or testing. In this thesis, we aim at finding solutions to those problems. We present four contributions to address the two presented problems.

A key collaborative hub for many software development projects is the issue tracking system, or bug repository. The use of a bug repository can improve the software development process in a number of ways including allowing developers who are geographically distributed to communicate about project development. However, reports added to the repository need to be triaged by a human, called the triager, to determine if reports are meaningful. If a report is meaningful, the triager decides how to organize the report for integration into the project's development process. We call triager decisions with the goal of determining if a report is meaningful, repository-oriented decisions, and triager decisions that organize reports for the development process, development-oriented decisions. Triagers can become overwhelmed by the number of reports added to the repository. Time spent triaging also typically diverts valuable resources away from the improvement of the product to the managing of the development process. To assist triagers, this dissertation presents a machine learning approach to create recommenders that assist with a variety of development-oriented decisions. In this way, we strive to reduce human involvement in triage by moving the triager's role from having to gather information to make a decision to that of confirming a suggestion. This dissertation introduces a triage-assisting recommender creation process that can create a variety of different development-oriented decision recommenders for a range of projects. The recommenders created with this approach are accurate: recommenders for which developer to assign a report have a precision of 70% to 98% over five open source projects, recommenders for which product component the report is for have a recall of 72% to 92%, and recommenders for who to add to the cc: list of a report that have a recall of 46% to 72%. We have evaluated recommenders created with our triage-assisting recommender creation process using both an analytic evaluation and a field study. In addition, we present in this dissertation an approach to assist project members to specify the project-specific values for the triage-assisting recommender creation process, and show that such recommenders can be created with a subset of the repository data.

Species within the family Cimicidae (bed bugs) are hematophagous ectoparasites of mammals and birds. Many cimicids are of socio-economic importance. Despite the global resurgence of these pests, there is currently a paucity of information regarding the mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequences of cimicids. Therefore, I used a PCR-based primer walking strategy to amplify and sequence the near complete mitogenome of the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius), and several mitochondrial gene regions of the Eastern bat bug (Cimex adjunctus) and swallow bug (Oeciacus vicarius). I compared the mitochondrial genetic variability between C. lectularius from two populations to look for molecular markers useful for population genetic studies. Furthermore, the mt DNA sequences of these species of medical and veterinary importance were compared to those of other heteropterans to infer the evolutionary relationships of species in the family Cimicidae.

A key collaborative hub for many software development projects is the issue tracking system, or bug repository. The use of a bug repository can improve the software development process in a number of ways including allowing developers who are geographically distributed to communicate about project development. However, reports added to the repository need to be triaged by a human, called the triager, to determine if reports are meaningful. If a report is meaningful, the triager decides how to organize the report for integration into the project's development process. We call triager decisions with the goal of determining if a report is meaningful, repository-oriented decisions, and triager decisions that organize reports for the development process, development-oriented decisions. Triagers can become overwhelmed by the number of reports added to the repository. Time spent triaging also typically diverts valuable resources away from the improvement of the product to the managing of the development process. To assist triagers, this dissertation presents a machine learning approach to create recommenders that assist with a variety of development-oriented decisions. In this way, we strive to reduce human involvement in triage by moving the triager's role from having to gather information to make a decision to that of confirming a suggestion. This dissertation introduces a triage-assisting recommender creation process that can create a variety of different development-oriented decision recommenders for a range of projects. The recommenders created with this approach are accurate: recommenders for which developer to assign a report have a precision of 70% to 98% over five open source projects, recommenders for which product component the report is for have a recall of 72% to 92%, and recommenders for who to add to the cc: list of a report that have a recall of 46% to 72%. We have evaluated recommenders created with our triage-assisting recommender creation process using both an analytic evaluation and a field study. In addition, we present in this dissertation an approach to assist project members to specify the project-specific values for the triage-assisting recommender creation process, and show that such recommenders can be created with a subset of the repository data.

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A key collaborative hub for many software development projects is the issue tracking system, or bug repository. The use of a bug repository can improve the software development process in a number of ways including allowing developers who are geographically distributed to communicate about project development. However, reports added to the repository need to be triaged by a human, called the triager, to determine if reports are meaningful. If a report is meaningful, the triager decides how to organize the report for integration into the project's development process. We call triager decisions with the goal of determining if a report is meaningful, repository-oriented decisions, and triager decisions that organize reports for the development process, development-oriented decisions. Triagers can become overwhelmed by the number of reports added to the repository. Time spent triaging also typically diverts valuable resources away from the improvement of the product to the managing of the development process. To assist triagers, this dissertation presents a machine learning approach to create recommenders that assist with a variety of development-oriented decisions. In this way, we strive to reduce human involvement in triage by moving the triager's role from having to gather information to make a decision to that of confirming a suggestion. This dissertation introduces a triage-assisting recommender creation process that can create a variety of different development-oriented decision recommenders for a range of projects. The recommenders created with this approach are accurate: recommenders for which developer to assign a report have a precision of 70% to 98% over five open source projects, recommenders for which product component the report is for have a recall of 72% to 92%, and recommenders for who to add to the cc: list of a report that have a recall of 46% to 72%. We have evaluated recommenders created with our triage-assisting recommender creation process using both an analytic evaluation and a field study. In addition, we present in this dissertation an approach to assist project members to specify the project-specific values for the triage-assisting recommender creation process, and show that such recommenders can be created with a subset of the repository data. / Science, Faculty of / Computer Science, Department of / Graduate

Experiments were conducted to test the relative importance of the two pairs of wing and the flight musculature of Oncopeltus fasciatus. Further, the postembryonic development of this musculature was investigated. It is shown that flight is impossible with only the hind-wings present. The fore-wings are the major propulsive organs, with the hind-wings providing only a part of the lift component. The hind-wings are operated by the mesothoracic musculature acting through a hook mechanism which joins the two pairs of wings together. The development of the mesothoracic muscles is shown to be in two stages; the first involves the degeneration of the original muscle fibres present in the first instar insect, the second involves the aggregation of myoblasts to form fibres which mature by about the third day after the moult into the adult stage. Some evolutionary comments are offered on how the developmental processes described in this thesis, compare with those previously described in other insect orders. / Science, Faculty of / Zoology, Department of / Graduate

Field experiments were conducted in Stoneville, MS and Sidon, MS in 2016 and 2017 to evaluate a new transgenic cotton variety (MON 88702) (Cry51Aa2.834_16) and its effects on tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), populations, frequency of insecticide applications, and yield. Experiments were designed to compare the interactions between the Bt traited plots and non-traited plots and the insecticide spray treatments, which consisted of different application thresholds as well as treatments sprayed only during the early season and only during the late season. MON 88702 provided a significant reduction in later instar tarnished plant bug nymphs, dirty squares, and insecticide applications, especially during the late season. MON 88702 also provided a significant increase in yield compared to non-traited plots. By implementing this transgenic approach, the number of insecticide applications necessary to effectively manage tarnished plant bug will be reduced compared to non-transgenic isolines, while also protecting yield.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the management of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in peanut and cotton and the interaction between thrips and tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), in cotton. Although management of thrips with foliar insecticides historically has not been recommended in peanut, the current study observed significant yield benefits from the management of thrips with foliar insecticides. This was especially evident when peanut plants were stressed from herbicide injury. In another experiment, significant differences were observed among cotton varieties in terms of their susceptibility to thrips injury. Finally, an interaction between thrips injury and tarnished plant bug injury in cotton was not observed in these studies. However, both thrips and tarnished plant bug caused significant yield losses in cotton. Results from these experiments will be important for improving current integrated pest management programs in both cotton and peanut.

In field experiments, managing for earliness through planting date and varietal maturity reduced tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), densities, insecticide applications, and yield loss. A second experiment highlighted the importance of timely insecticide applications for managing tarnished plant bugs. Differences in fitness parameters were observed between tarnished plant bug populations collected from the Hills and Delta regions of Mississippi. Populations from the Delta region laid more eggs and produced more viable offspring than populations from the Hills. Populations from the Delta reared on cotton developed significantly faster to each life stage than those reared on diet or populations from the Hills region. Overall, tarnished plant bugs survived significantly better on diet than on cotton. Results from these experiments will be important for improving IPM practices for tarnished plant bugs in Mississippi cotton.