Aim of this diploma thesis is calculating the carpet area/built-up area coefficient and make a proposal how to put this coefficient in place in building evaluation field. Also, assessment of error rate of this method is needed. More methods were suggested based on differently calculated coefficients. Comparison of different sources of public information about buildings was made and these were compared to actual state of the buildings. Research was made whether there is correlation between age of the building and tipical building´s characteristics in examined area. Studied area is called Kluky (part of Hradec Králové).

Among many others, one general goal of the UN sustainability strategies aims at reducing the anthropogenic land change due to land take for settlements and transport infrastructure. To monitor the success of this goal and to comprehensively study and better understand these urban dynamic processes – such as densification, growth and sprawl, or shrinkage –, quantitative measurements were introduced to assist the assessment. For the analysis of urban dynamics, the built-up area is an important measure that can be considered at different scales, one common scale being the aggregated level of urban blocks that represent a group of developed parcels bounded by topographic borders such as street lines. Regardless of the scale of quantitative analysis, however, digital spatio-temporal data are essential. While comprehensive databases exist for contemporary data, they usually lack a historic dimension. To derive these historic data about the built-up area, potential surveying methods and sources may vary. Considering the long-term characteristic of urban land change, however, topographic maps often are the only source for small-scale, spatially explicit land cover information to build a comprehensive, spatio-temporal database of built-up area, which has been demonstrated by numerous studies. However, the manual constitution of historic geographic data based on historic maps – commonly referred to as map digitization or vectorization – is a time consuming and laborious process that limits the spatial and temporal scope and, therefore, opposes comprehensive studies. Therefore, this thesis proposes an approach to automatically extract information about the built-up area at urban block level from historic topographic maps. For a number of reasons, this is a challenging task. First, topographic maps show a high degree of informational density and complexity due to their layer concept. These layers of geographic objects generally overlap leading to the (multi-)fragmentation or fusion of distinct geographic map objects. While this may not pose a challenge to a human interpreter, it does for the formalization of the computational object recognition. Second, material aging of the document as well as a poor scanning or image compression process may result in a reduced graphical quality. Third, object representations including the use of color, if present at all, show an immense diversity over space and time. To overcome these challenges in regard to cartographical image analysis, a modular process has been designed pursuing a two-step strategy: a decomposition of salient map layers is succeeded by a re-composition of the structuring map objects to delineate the built-up area at urban block level. Several experiments prove this process to achieve acceptable results with correctness values ranging from 0.97 to 0.93 for three German study maps. Behind the background of a global trend to digitize knowledge that can also be observed with historic topographic maps, the designed process represents a promising approach to efficiently prepare these historic data for integration into a spatio-temporal database of built-up area with minimal user intervention.:Declaration of Authorship Acknowledgements Summary Contents List of Figures List of Tables List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope 1.2 Challenges 1.3 Research Questions 1.4 Structure 2 Principles of Image Analysis 2.1 Human Visual Perception 2.2 Methods of Image Analyis 2.2.1 Image Segmentation 2.2.1.1 Color Image Segmentation 2.2.1.2 Texture-based Segmentation 2.2.1.3 Morphology-based Segmentation 2.2.1.4 Further Segmentation Approaches 2.2.2 Object/Pattern Recognition 2.2.2.1 Strategies in Pattern Recognition 2.2.2.2 Approaches in Pattern Recognition 2.2.3 Object Reconstruction 2.2.3.1 Reconstruction of Contours 2.2.3.2 Raster-vector Conversion 2.3 Summary 3 Cartographic Image Analysis 3.1 Geoinformation from Cartographic Raster Maps 3.1.1 Raster Maps 3.1.2 Research History 3.1.3 Research – State of the Art 3.1.3.1 Separation of Raster Layers based on Color 3.1.3.2 Extraction and Recognition of Map Objects 3.1.3.3 Automated Georeferencing 3.1.4 Delineation of Built-up Area from Cartographic Raster Maps 3.2 Further Sources for the Delineation of Built-up Area 3.3 Summary and Interim Conclusions 4 Concept and Methodology 4.1 Concept - Preliminary Considerations 4.1.1 Defining the Subject of Delineatoin – the Urban Block 4.1.2 Data Characteristics 4.1.3 Cartographical Representation and Higher-Level Demarcation of Built-up Area 4.2 Methodological Design 4.2.1 Requirements to the Process and the Input Data 4.2.2 General Methodical Approach 4.2.3 Derivation of the General Delineation Process 4.2.4 Module Map Objects 4.2.4.1 Building Symbols 4.2.4.2 Residential Area Hatching 4.2.4.3 Railroads and Tramlines 4.2.5 Module Street Block Delineation 4.2.5.1 Street Network 4.2.5.2 Reconstruction of Street Block Objects 4.2.5.3 Evaluation of Street Block Objects 4.2.6 Delineation of Built-up Area 4.2.6.1 Module Building Grouping 4.2.6.2 Module Built-up Area 4.3 Implementation 5 Evaluation and Discussions 5.1 Evaluation Frameset 5.1.1 Study Maps 5.1.2 Reference Data 5.1.3 Methodology 5.2 Experiments and Results 5.2.1 Experiments 5.2.1.1 E.0 – Delineate Built-up Area Using the General Process 5.2.1.2 E.1 – Delineate Built-up Area Using a Deviation of the General Process 5.2.1.3 E.2 – Delineate Built-up Area Using Maps with Varying Spatial Resolution 5.2.2 Results 5.2.2.1 R.0 – Delineation Results of the General Process 5.2.2.2 R.1 – Delineation Results of the Deviated Process Variants 5.2.2.3 R.2 – Delineation Results of the Deviated Map Resolution Variants 5.3 Discussions 5.3.1 Strengths and Limitations 5.3.2 Comparision of Delineation Results to other Studies 5.3.3 Applications and Transferability to other Maps 6 Conclusion and Outlook 6.1 Revising the Research Questions 6.2 Scientific Contribution 6.3 Future Research Perspectives References Appendix A.1 List of Process Parameters and their Application A.2 Exemplary Delineation Results

The diploma thesis addresses the influence of building work carried out on the family house and the comparison of this influence in various localities. The theoretical part defines the basic terms from professional literature and legislation. A family house prior to reconstruction in the town of Bolera-dice was selected and then two other similar sites of the municipality of Hostěradice and the town of Koryčany. In the practical part, the customary prices were calculated before reconstruction. The reconstruction of the house was projected and the costs of construction work were calculated using an itemised budget. By means of a database of real estate properties after reconstruction, the prices of similar real estate properties after the reconstruction were established. The conclusion of the the-sis presents a comparison and analysis of the results at individual sites, and thus fulfils the objective of the thesis by determining the impact of construction work on the family house and comparing this in different locations.

The aim of the thesis is to propose a variant technical and then a price solution of a family house. It is a comparison of a family house on the same built-up area, the comparison being related to the brickwork made of ceramic fittings and panel woodwork. The text part deals mainly with the explanation of the types of individual buildings and then with the list of the pros and cons of the different technologies, compared buildings. The conclusion mainly concerns the evaluation of budgets and recommendations where it is worth building the compared buildings and why.

The object of this diploma work is the creation of a new built-up area in the location of the former Kohn´s brickfield on the Červený kopec in Brno. This area belongs to of the most considerable brownfields in Brno and nowadays is used mostly as a dumping ground. The concept elaborated in this diploma work has the ambition to offer quality housing possibilities close to the the city centre and to the nature in the same time.

Le secteur du bâtiment participe à hauteur de plus de 50% de la consommation d’énergie à l’échelle mondiale. Cette consommation ne cesse d’augmenter depuis ces trente dernières années. L’impact environnemental de la consommation d’énergie au niveau de ce secteur est en évolution permanente malgré les recommandations prises durant les COP. Ces constatations sont valables pour la France métropolitaine et aussi pour le cas de Madagascar. Au-delà de la maitrise de la consommation d’énergie, en phase de fonctionnement d’un espace bâti, nous devons également prendre en compte les impacts environnementaux de la phase de construction notamment en ce qui concerne les indicateurs de changement climatique, des maitrises de ressources et de la pollution. Cette thèse s’articule autour de trois concepts. En premier lieu, il s’agit de l’analyse des flux matière autour de leurs caractéristiques techniques et de leurs impacts environnementaux et économiques lors de la construction de l’espace bâti. Dans un second temps, notre analyse se focalise sur l’analyse de flux d’énergie en vue de connaitre la signature énergétique et environnementale du fonctionnement de l’espace bâti et de la mise en œuvre d’un fichier horaire traduisant les caractéristiques de la consommation d’énergie (Profil de consommation journalier et annuel). En dernier lieu, nous abordons également la problématique du pilotage de la distribution de l’énergie électrique dans un espace bâti en vue de dimensionner un système de production d’EnR et un système de stockage et de lisser la courbe de consommation au niveau du réseau de distribution. / The building sector accounts for more than 50% of global energy consumption. This consumption has been increasing steadily over the last thirty years. The environmental impact of energy consumption in this sector is constantly changing despite the recommendations made during the COPs. These findings are valid for metropolitan France and also for Madagascar. Beyond the control of energy consumption, during the operating phase of a built space, we must also take into account the environmental impacts of the construction phase, particularly with regard to climate change indicators, resource management and pollution. This thesis is based on three concepts. First, it is about the analysis of material flows around their technical characteristics and their environmental and economic impacts during the construction of the built space. In a second step, our analysis focuses on the analysis of energy flows in order to know the energy and environmental signature of the functioning of the built space and the implementation of a time file reflecting the characteristics of energy consumption (Daily and annual consumption profile). Finally, we also discuss the problem of managing the distribution of electrical energy in a built-up area in order to size an renewable energy production system and a storage system and to smooth the consumption curve at the level of the distribution network.

The project was prepared with complete documentation of a new Motel at the level of building construction documentation. Motel has a capacity of 25 double beds and one single bed for the disabled. Built-up area is 984,2 square meters. Enclosure is designed as a flat roof. The supporting structure of the building consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete frame. Building design emphasizes on static solution and layout, fire safety, energy saving and safety of use. Drawings were processed in software for design - AutoCad

My thesis work will go in theoretical part about explanation of basic terms, that are commonly used in valuation of real estates like recreation cottages, which are used for permanent living. Way of preparation for measuring and imporant tools used during measuring proces are also described here. Individual ways of valuation are used in practical part. Result will be valorization of used methods and evaluation of the best method for each locality and type of real estate.

The aim of this thesis is to explore the use of Mass Appraisal Methods in Czech republic. This diploma thesis specifies main use of those methods, next specifies who uses this methods and in which cases this methods are used. At first, there is description of appraisal methods used in Czech republic and abroad in this diploma thesis. On the basis of this knowledge utilizations of Mass Appraisal Methods are described. For illustration of Mass Appraisal Methods the appraisal of two sets of similar houses is performed for use of property taxes in context of legislation in Czech republic. Further advantages of appraisal systems are described, which use a Mass Appraisal Methods in praxes.

This master thesis describes a detached house, requirements for the detached house, price, technical-economic index and card of cost indicator. The author performed an analysis of selected houses and itemized budgets of selected houses. Different shapes, technologies and solutions of materials are included in the analysis. The author, from the analysis, inferred the behavior of technical-economic index (TEI) of detached houses. The author described behavior in the particular and sub models. The author suggested methodology of calculation of the price data, the spatial data and the structure of price TEICF2 (technical-economic index, complex formula, version 2) of planned detached house. The author founded his methodology on particular and sub models. The principle of methodology TEICF2 consists in the analogy of the planned detached house with the model with same parameters. The author implemented TEICF2 into application dyCBI. Application dyCBI is working on Microsoft Excel.