• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 7
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 15
  • 15
  • 15
  • 7
  • 7
  • 7
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Automatická detekce srdečních patologií pomocí vysokofrekvenčních složek komplexu QRS / Automatic detection of heart pathologies using high-frequency components of QRS complex

Daňová, Ľudmila January 2020 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse high-frequency ECG to detect some heart diseases. This is performed with averaging of selected QRS complexes for each lead of the signal; these are thenfilteredin range 500-1 000 Hz. After that the envelope of the signal is done and here the peaks are detected. Based on mutual positions of this peaks, it is possible to detectwhat kind od signal we treat.
2

Automatická detekce srdečních patologií pomocí vysokofrekvenčních složek komplexu QRS / Automatic detection of heart pathologies using high-frequency components of QRS complex

Daňová, Ľudmila January 2021 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse high-frequency ECG to detect some heart diseases. This is performed with averaging of selected QRS complexes for each lead of the signal; these are then filtered in range 500-1 000 Hz. After that the envelope of the signal is done and here the peaks are detected. Based on mutual positions of this peaks, it is possible to detect what kind od signal we treat.
3

Morbidity and mortality in patients with bundle branch block /

Tabrizi, Fariborz, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
4

Visiška kairiosios Hiso pluošto kojytės blokada ir vainikinių arterijų angiografijos daugiapjūviu kompiuteriniu tomografu tyrimo vertė / Performance of the multislice computed tomography angiography of the coronary arteries in patients with complete left bundle branch block

Jankauskas, Antanas 22 April 2010 (has links)
Vainikinių arterijų tyrimas daugiapjūviu kompiuteriniu tomografu (DKT) į klinikinę praktiką įdiegtas nesenai. Tai neinvazyvus tyrimo metodas, kurį galima atlikti ir ambulatoriniams pacientams. Tačiau greta savo privulumų, jis turi ir trūkumų – dėl nuolatinio vainikinių arterijų judėjimo širdies ciklo metu gali atsirasti liekamųjų judesio artefaktų atkuriant vaizdus. Jų tikimybė priklauso ne tik nuo aparato, kuriuo atliekamas tyrimas, techninių charakteristikų, bet ir nuo širdies veiklos ypatumų. Yra atlikta nemažai tyrimų, įvertinančių vainikinių arterijų vaizdų kokybės priklausomybę nuo širdies susitraukimų dažnio, jo variabilumo, kitų faktorių. Kairiosios Hiso pluošto kojytės blokados, sąlygojančios nesinchronišką skilvelių susitraukimą ir atsipalaidavimą, įtaka vaizdų kokybei tyrinėta mažai. Šiame tyrime buvo palyginta vaizdų kokybė tarp pacientų, kuriems nustatyta visiška kairiosios Hiso pluošto kojytės blokada ir nėra laidžiosios sistemos sutrikimų, grupių. Analizuota vainikinių arterijų įvertinimo visuose širdies ciklo rekonstrukciniuose intervaluose įtaka vaizdų kokybės vidurkiui. Nustatyta, kokia yra DKT tyrimo diagnostinė vertė identifikuojant hemodinamiškai reikšmingas vainikinių arterijų stenozes. Kadangi DKT tyrimas susijęs su jonizuojančia spinduliuote, įvertinti rentgeno vamzdžio srovės stiprumo moduliavimo ypatumai. Taip pat nustatyta širdies susitraukimų dažnio, jo variabilumo įtaka vaizdų kokybei, esant visiškai kairiosios Hiso pluošto kojytės blokadai. / Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography is one of the latest usage area of the computed tomography technology. It s a non-invasive diagnostic tool, wich can be performed in ambulant patients. MSCT coronary angiography beside it's advantages has some drawbacks. The main drawbacks are lower spatial resolution and residual motion artifacts in MSCT images. Therefore quality of coronary images and diagnostic value of MSCT angiography differs, depending on patient's clinical characteristics, especially on heart contraction features during scanning. Asynchronic contraction and relaxation of the right and left ventricles, caused of bundle branch block can also influence image quality of MSCT coronary angiography. To date, there are only few studies, conducted to analyse diagnostic performance of MSCT coronary angiography in patients with left bundle branch block. Although influence of heart rate, heart rate variability and the other factors (for example, age, sex, body mass index) on MSCT image quality are quite well investigated. Thus, the present study were designed to investigate the influence of complete left bundle branch block on image quality of MSCT coronary angiography more detail in comparison with control patients group without electrical conduction disturbances, reveal the diagnostic value of MSCT angiography to identify hemodinamicaly significant coronary stenosis.
5

Efeitos da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) sobre a perfusão miocárdica: correlações clínico-funcionais / Effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on myocardial perfusion: clinical and functional correlations

Brandão, Simone Cristina Soares 17 September 2008 (has links)
Introdução: a cintilografia cardíaca com MIBI-99mTc sincronizada ao eletrocardiograma (gated SPECT) avalia integridade celular, perfusão miocárdica e função global e regional do ventrículo esquerdo (VE). A terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) pode melhorar os sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca (IC), mas seus benefícios sobre a função do VE são menos pronunciados. Objetivos: avaliar se as mudanças na captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc após a TRC estão associadas à melhora clínica, à redução do QRS ao eletrocardiograma e ao desempenho do VE e se a gated SPECT adiciona informação na seleção e acompanhamento de pacientes para a TRC. Método: trinta pacientes (idade media 59 ± 11 anos, 47% masculinos) com miocardiopatia dilatada não isquêmica, IC classe funcional III ou IV da New York Heart Association com tratamento medicamentoso otimizado, bloqueio de ramo esquerdo e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) inferior a 35% participaram deste estudo. Foram avaliados pré e três meses após TRC as seguintes variáveis: classe funcional de IC, duração do QRS, FEVE pela ecocardiografia, captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc (%) ao repouso e após estresse com adenosina, volumes diastólico (VDF) e sistólico finais (VSF) do VE, motilidade e espessamento regionais nas paredes do VE pela Gated SPECT. Após TRC, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a melhora na FEVE: grupo 1 (G1=12 pacientes) com aumento 5 pontos absolutos; e grupo 2 (G2=18 pacientes) sem aumento significante. Resultados: após TRC, ambos os grupos melhoraram significantemente a classe funcional de IC, reduziram QRS e aumentaram a captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc nas paredes ântero-septal e ínfero-septal. Apenas G1 apresentou mudanças favoráveis no VDF, VSF, motilidade e espessamento regionais do VE. Pré TRC, pela análise univariada, o VDF e ESV foram estatisticamente maiores no G2 em relação ao G1 (VDF: 477 ± 168 mL vs. 276 ± 94 mL, p<0,001; VSF: 401 ± 154 mL vs. 220 ± 85 mL, p<0,001, G2 e G1, respectivamente). A captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc foi menor no G2 em relação ao G1 nas paredes anterior (60 ± 10% vs. 67 ± 7%, p=0,049, repouso) e inferior (48 ± 10% vs. 59 ± 11%, repouso, e 47 ± 10% vs. 58 ± 9%, p=0,003, após estresse). A soma dos escores de hipocaptação após estresse foi significantemente maior no G2 em relação ao G1 (14 ± 9 e 9 ± 4, G2 e G1, respectivamente, p=0,039). Pela análise multivariada, o VDF foi o único preditor independente de aumento na FEVE após terapia, p=0,01. O ótimo ponto de corte do VDF pela curva ROC para predizer melhora na FEVE após terapia foi 315 mL com sensibilidade de 89% e especificidade de 94%. Conclusões: A TRC aumentou a captação miocárdica regional de MIBI-99mTc, melhorou a classe funcional de IC e reduziu QRS independentemente da melhora do desempenho cardíaco. Após TRC, o aumento da FEVE ocorreu em corações menos dilatados e com uma maior captação miocárdica regional do MIBI-99mTc, principalmente na parede inferior / Background: gated myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI (gated SPECT) evaluates myocyte integrity, myocardial perfusion and global and regional left ventricular (LV) function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may improve heart failure (HF) clinical symptoms, but its benefits for LV function are less pronounced. Objectives: we assessed whether changes on myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake post-CRT are related to improvement in clinical HF symptoms, reduction in QRS duration and improvement in LV performance, and whether gated SPECT with 99mTc-MIBI adds information to selection and follow-up of patients undergoing CRT. Methods: thirty patients (mean age 59 ± 11, 47% male) with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, chronic HF in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV with optimized clinical treatment, left bundle-branch block, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) inferior to 35% participated to this study. Pre- and 3 months post-CRT, the variables analyzed were: HF functional class, QRS duration, LVEF by echocardiography, myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake (%) at rest and after adenosine stress, LV end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV), regional LV motion and thickness by gated SPECT. Post-CRT, patients were divided into 2 groups according to LVEF improvement: group 1 (G1=12 patients) with increase in LVEF5points and group 2 (G2=18 patients) without significant increase. Results: post-CRT, both groups improved significantly in HF functional class, reduced QRS width and increased antero-septal and infero-septal wall 99mTc-MIBI uptake. Only G1 had favorable changes in EDV, ESV, and LV regional motion and thickness. Pre- CRT, by univariate analysis, EDV and ESV were statistically higher in G2 compared with G1 (EDV: 477 ± 168 mL vs. 276 ± 94 mL, p<0.001; ESV: 401 ± 154 mL vs. 220 ± 85 mL, p<0.001, G2 and G1, respectively). Myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake was lower in G2 compared with G1 in the anterior wall (60 ± 10% vs. 67 ± 7%, p=0.049, at rest) and inferior wall (48 ± 10% vs. 59 ± 11%, at rest, and 47 ± 10% vs. 58 ± 9%, p=0.003, after adenosine stress). Summed stress score was significantly higher in G2 compared to G1 (14 ± 9 vs. 9 ± 4, G2 and G1, respectively, p=0.039). By multivariate analysis, EDV was the only independent predictor of LVEF increase posttherapy, p=0.01. By ROC curve, optimal EDV cutoff point was 315mL with 89% of sensitivity and 94% of specificity. Conclusions: CRT increased myocardial 99mTc- MIBI uptake, improved HF functional class, and reduced QRS width independently of LV performance improvement. Post-CRT, LVEF increase occurred in hearts less dilated showing higher regional myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake, mainly in the inferior wall
6

Mechanismy vývoje převodního systému srdečního u obratlovců / Mechanisms of conduction system development in vertebrates

Šaňková, Barbora January 2016 (has links)
Group of specialized cells that form cardiac conduction system is responsible for generation and coordinated propagation of the electrical impulse in the heart. Changes in its development can be connected with arrhythmias; therefore, a good level of knowledge is necessary and relevant for basic science and clinical practice. For correct development of the conduction system are important genes coding gap junctions proteins, ion channels, transcription factors and other molecules involved in signaling cascades (endothelin, neuregulin). Development of conduction system is determined in addition to genetic factors also by epigenetics and environmental factors. This thesis with its individual papers on which it is based is addressing different aspects of conduction system development, which appears to be a complex process. Another feature which is linking all papers together, is the methodological approach enabling us to study function of the conduction system - optical mapping. In the first publication we studied by the means of in vitro organ culture the impact of work load without interfering hemodynamics on the conduction system maturation in the chick embryonic heart. The phenotype observed during experiments was developmental regression of conduction system maturation together with changes in...
7

As implicações do bloqueio do ramo esquerdo no desempenho cardiovascular de pacientes com função sistólica esquerda preservada / The implications of left bundle branch block in cardiovascular performance of patients with preserved left systolic function

Barros, Milena Santos 12 April 2013 (has links)
Presence of left bundle branch block (LBBB), regardless of evidence of heart disease, increases cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Isolated LBBB induces ventricular septal asynchrony, it can cause repercussions in left ventricular (LV) function and diameter, which may evolve into ventricular remodeling and heart failure. Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a noninvasive diagnostic method and physiological, that simultaneously evaluates cardiovascular and respiratory functions, fundamental to understanding the mechanisms of exercise limitation.. This study sought to evaluate the implications of isolated LBBB to cardiovascular performance in patients with preserved LV systolic function and absence of myocardial ischemia. This is an observational, cross-sectional analysis, which evaluated 02 groups: LBBB (26 patients) and control (23 patients). All patients showed LV systolic function > 50% and myocardial ischemia was excluded through the physical stress echocardiography. They underwent CPET. At statistical analysis, we chose the general linear model, specifically multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in which the dependent variables were the parameters of CPET and fixed factors were the LBBB and sedentary lifestyle. The results showed that the percentage of predicted peak oxygen pulse (O2P) in the LBBB group was 98.6 ± 18.6% versus 109.9 ± 13.5% (p = 0.02); the percentage of predicted peak oxygen consumption (VO2) in patients with LBBB was 87.2 ± 15.0% versus 105.0 ± 15.6% (p <0.0001); the percentage of predicted anaerobic threshold VO2 in LBBB group was 67.9 ± 13.6 % versus 70.2 ± 12.8% (p = 0.55); in the LBBB group, ΔVO2/Δwork rate was 15.5 ± 5.5 ml.min-1.watts-1 versus 20.7 ± 7.3 ml.min-1.watts-1 (p = 0.006); the VE/VCO2 slope in LBBB group was 29.8 ± 2.9 versus 26.2 ± 2.9 (p = 0.0001) and T1/2 VO2 was the LBBB group of 85.2 ± 11.8 seconds versus 71.5 ± 11.0 seconds (p = 0.0001). By MANCOVA, adjusting the intervention of sedentary lifestyle and covariates, it was showed that patients with LBBB with preserved left systolic function and absence of myocardial ischemia, showed increase in the VE/VCO2 slope, but the LBBB did not affect aerobic performance. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether the VE/VCO2 slope will be an earlier marker of ventricular dysfunction in patients with LBBB. / A presença de bloqueio do ramo esquerdo (BRE), independente da evidência de cardiopatia, está associado ao aumento da mortalidade e morbidade cardiovascular. O BRE isolado provoca assincronia do septo interventricular, causando repercussões nos diâmetros e na função do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), que podem progredir para o remodelamento ventricular e insuficiência cardíaca. O teste de esforço cardiopulmonar (TECP) é um método diagnóstico não invasivo e fisiológico, avalia simultaneamente as funções cardiovascular e pulmonar, permitindo entender melhor as causas da limitação ao exercício. O presente estudo buscou avaliar as implicações do BRE isolado no desempenho cardiovascular de pacientes com função sistólica do VE preservada e na ausência de isquemia miocárdica. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, que avaliou 02 grupos: BRE (26 pacientes) e controle (23 pacientes). Todos os pacientes apresentavam fração de ejeção do VE (FEVE) > 50%, pelo método Simpson e a pesquisa de isquemia do miocárdio foi realizada por meio da ecocardiografia sob estresse físico. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ao TECP. Na análise estatística, optou-se pelo modelo linear geral, particularmente análise multivariada de covariância (MANCOVA), em que as variáveis dependentes foram os parâmetros do TECP e os fatores fixos foram o BRE e o sedentarismo. Os resultados revelaram que a percentagem atingida do pulso de oxigênio (PO2) pico predito no grupo BRE foi de 98,6 ± 18,6% versus 109,9 ± 13,5%, (p = 0,02); a percentagem do consumo de oxigênio (VO2) pico predito nos portadores de BRE foi de 87,2 ± 15,0% versus 105,0 ± 15,6% (p < 0,0001); a percentagem do VO2 predito limiar anaeróbico no grupo BRE foi de 67,9 ± 13,6 % versus 70,2 ± 12,8% (p = 0,55); o ΔVO2/Δcarga no grupo BRE foi de 15,5 ± 5,5 ml.min-1.watts-1 versus 20,7 ± 7,3 ml.min-1.watts-1(p = 0,006); a relação Ve/VCO2 slope no grupo BRE foi de 29,8 ± 2,9 versus 26,2 ± 2,9 (p = 0,0001) e o T1/2 VO2 no grupo BRE foi de 85,2 ± 11,8 segundos versus 71,5 ± 11,0 segundos (p = 0,0001). Através da MANCOVA, ajustando-se a intervenção do sedentarismo e das co-variáveis, mostrou-se que os portadores de BRE, com FEVE preservada e na ausência de isquemia miocárdica, apresentaram aumento do Ve/VCO2 slope, porém o BRE não provocou alteração da capacidade aeróbica. Novos estudos serão necessários para elucidar se o Ve/VCO2 slope será marcador precoce de disfunção ventricular nos portadores de BRE.
8

Efeitos da terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) sobre a perfusão miocárdica: correlações clínico-funcionais / Effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on myocardial perfusion: clinical and functional correlations

Simone Cristina Soares Brandão 17 September 2008 (has links)
Introdução: a cintilografia cardíaca com MIBI-99mTc sincronizada ao eletrocardiograma (gated SPECT) avalia integridade celular, perfusão miocárdica e função global e regional do ventrículo esquerdo (VE). A terapia de ressincronização cardíaca (TRC) pode melhorar os sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca (IC), mas seus benefícios sobre a função do VE são menos pronunciados. Objetivos: avaliar se as mudanças na captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc após a TRC estão associadas à melhora clínica, à redução do QRS ao eletrocardiograma e ao desempenho do VE e se a gated SPECT adiciona informação na seleção e acompanhamento de pacientes para a TRC. Método: trinta pacientes (idade media 59 ± 11 anos, 47% masculinos) com miocardiopatia dilatada não isquêmica, IC classe funcional III ou IV da New York Heart Association com tratamento medicamentoso otimizado, bloqueio de ramo esquerdo e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo (FEVE) inferior a 35% participaram deste estudo. Foram avaliados pré e três meses após TRC as seguintes variáveis: classe funcional de IC, duração do QRS, FEVE pela ecocardiografia, captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc (%) ao repouso e após estresse com adenosina, volumes diastólico (VDF) e sistólico finais (VSF) do VE, motilidade e espessamento regionais nas paredes do VE pela Gated SPECT. Após TRC, os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a melhora na FEVE: grupo 1 (G1=12 pacientes) com aumento 5 pontos absolutos; e grupo 2 (G2=18 pacientes) sem aumento significante. Resultados: após TRC, ambos os grupos melhoraram significantemente a classe funcional de IC, reduziram QRS e aumentaram a captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc nas paredes ântero-septal e ínfero-septal. Apenas G1 apresentou mudanças favoráveis no VDF, VSF, motilidade e espessamento regionais do VE. Pré TRC, pela análise univariada, o VDF e ESV foram estatisticamente maiores no G2 em relação ao G1 (VDF: 477 ± 168 mL vs. 276 ± 94 mL, p<0,001; VSF: 401 ± 154 mL vs. 220 ± 85 mL, p<0,001, G2 e G1, respectivamente). A captação miocárdica do MIBI-99mTc foi menor no G2 em relação ao G1 nas paredes anterior (60 ± 10% vs. 67 ± 7%, p=0,049, repouso) e inferior (48 ± 10% vs. 59 ± 11%, repouso, e 47 ± 10% vs. 58 ± 9%, p=0,003, após estresse). A soma dos escores de hipocaptação após estresse foi significantemente maior no G2 em relação ao G1 (14 ± 9 e 9 ± 4, G2 e G1, respectivamente, p=0,039). Pela análise multivariada, o VDF foi o único preditor independente de aumento na FEVE após terapia, p=0,01. O ótimo ponto de corte do VDF pela curva ROC para predizer melhora na FEVE após terapia foi 315 mL com sensibilidade de 89% e especificidade de 94%. Conclusões: A TRC aumentou a captação miocárdica regional de MIBI-99mTc, melhorou a classe funcional de IC e reduziu QRS independentemente da melhora do desempenho cardíaco. Após TRC, o aumento da FEVE ocorreu em corações menos dilatados e com uma maior captação miocárdica regional do MIBI-99mTc, principalmente na parede inferior / Background: gated myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI (gated SPECT) evaluates myocyte integrity, myocardial perfusion and global and regional left ventricular (LV) function. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may improve heart failure (HF) clinical symptoms, but its benefits for LV function are less pronounced. Objectives: we assessed whether changes on myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake post-CRT are related to improvement in clinical HF symptoms, reduction in QRS duration and improvement in LV performance, and whether gated SPECT with 99mTc-MIBI adds information to selection and follow-up of patients undergoing CRT. Methods: thirty patients (mean age 59 ± 11, 47% male) with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, chronic HF in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV with optimized clinical treatment, left bundle-branch block, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) inferior to 35% participated to this study. Pre- and 3 months post-CRT, the variables analyzed were: HF functional class, QRS duration, LVEF by echocardiography, myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake (%) at rest and after adenosine stress, LV end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volumes (ESV), regional LV motion and thickness by gated SPECT. Post-CRT, patients were divided into 2 groups according to LVEF improvement: group 1 (G1=12 patients) with increase in LVEF5points and group 2 (G2=18 patients) without significant increase. Results: post-CRT, both groups improved significantly in HF functional class, reduced QRS width and increased antero-septal and infero-septal wall 99mTc-MIBI uptake. Only G1 had favorable changes in EDV, ESV, and LV regional motion and thickness. Pre- CRT, by univariate analysis, EDV and ESV were statistically higher in G2 compared with G1 (EDV: 477 ± 168 mL vs. 276 ± 94 mL, p<0.001; ESV: 401 ± 154 mL vs. 220 ± 85 mL, p<0.001, G2 and G1, respectively). Myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake was lower in G2 compared with G1 in the anterior wall (60 ± 10% vs. 67 ± 7%, p=0.049, at rest) and inferior wall (48 ± 10% vs. 59 ± 11%, at rest, and 47 ± 10% vs. 58 ± 9%, p=0.003, after adenosine stress). Summed stress score was significantly higher in G2 compared to G1 (14 ± 9 vs. 9 ± 4, G2 and G1, respectively, p=0.039). By multivariate analysis, EDV was the only independent predictor of LVEF increase posttherapy, p=0.01. By ROC curve, optimal EDV cutoff point was 315mL with 89% of sensitivity and 94% of specificity. Conclusions: CRT increased myocardial 99mTc- MIBI uptake, improved HF functional class, and reduced QRS width independently of LV performance improvement. Post-CRT, LVEF increase occurred in hearts less dilated showing higher regional myocardial 99mTc-MIBI uptake, mainly in the inferior wall
9

Mechanismy vývoje převodního systému srdečního u obratlovců / Mechanisms of conduction system development in vertebrates

Šaňková, Barbora January 2016 (has links)
Group of specialized cells that form cardiac conduction system is responsible for generation and coordinated propagation of the electrical impulse in the heart. Changes in its development can be connected with arrhythmias; therefore, a good level of knowledge is necessary and relevant for basic science and clinical practice. For correct development of the conduction system are important genes coding gap junctions proteins, ion channels, transcription factors and other molecules involved in signaling cascades (endothelin, neuregulin). Development of conduction system is determined in addition to genetic factors also by epigenetics and environmental factors. This thesis with its individual papers on which it is based is addressing different aspects of conduction system development, which appears to be a complex process. Another feature which is linking all papers together, is the methodological approach enabling us to study function of the conduction system - optical mapping. In the first publication we studied by the means of in vitro organ culture the impact of work load without interfering hemodynamics on the conduction system maturation in the chick embryonic heart. The phenotype observed during experiments was developmental regression of conduction system maturation together with changes in...
10

Avaliação da perfusão miocárdia com estresse farmacológico no tomógrafo de 320 canais nos pacientes com bloqueio de ramo esquerdo em investigação de doença arterial coronariana / Evaluation of pharmacological stress myocardial perfusion tomography in 320 channels in patients with left bundle branch block in the investigation of coronary artery disease

Cabeda, Estêvan Vieira 25 October 2013 (has links)
Introdução: A perfusão miocárdica de estresse pela tomografia (PMT) é um método emergente e não-invasivo para detecção de isquemia miocárdica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a acurácia diagnóstica da PMT em pacientes com bloqueio de ramo esquerdo (BRE) que estavam em pesquisa diagnóstica de doença arterial coronariana (DAC) e o valor adicional da PMT sobre a tomografia computadorizada com múltiplos detectores (ATC) usando tomógrafo com 320 detectores, e compará-los com a cintilografia de perfusão miocárdica (SPECT) para detecção de isquemia miocárdica com estenose coronariana significativa (estenose >- 70%), utilizando a angiografia coronariana quantitativa (QCA) e a angiografia coronariana pela tomografia computadorizada com múltiplos detectores como referências. Material e Métodos: Quarenta e dois pacientes com BRE e SPECT ( < 2 meses) em avaliação diagnóstica de DAC foram encaminhados para realizar o protocolo de tomografia que incluiu o escore de cálcio, PMT, ATC e realce tardio do miocárdio. Trinta pacientes foram encaminhados para angiografia coronária invasiva. As imagens foram interpretadas por observadores independentes e alheios aos resultados dos exames e aos dados clínicos. Foram realizadas análises por paciente e por território. O estudo obteve a aprovação da comissão de ética e todos os pacientes assinaram consentimento informado. Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes foi 63 +- 10 anos e, destes, 67% mulheres (28 pacientes). A dose média de radiação total foi de 9,3 +- 4,6 mSv. Na análise por paciente, sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo foram de 86%, 89%, 80 e 93% para a PMT (p=0,001) (kappa 0,74) e 63%, 91%, 65% e 90% (p < 0,001) na análise por território (kappa 0,55), respectivamente. Em ambas as análises, o ATC mostrou excelente precisão, com área sob a curva ROC=0,9. Considerável concordância foi demonstrada entre SPECT e o QCA (kappa 0,32 e 0,26) nas análises por paciente e por território, respectivamente. A avaliação combinada da ATC com a PMT permitiu melhorar a acurácia diagnóstica para detecção de estenose coronariana com redução luminal hemodinamicamente significativa ( >= 70%) comparando-se com a ATC, PMT ou SPECT isolados, demonstrado por valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, e valores preditivos positivos e negativos de 93%, 87%, 87%, 93% (p < 0,0001) na avaliação combinada por paciente, e 85%, 90%, 79%, 93% (p < 0,0001) na avaliação combinada por território. Conclusão: O uso do protocolo tomográfico de estresse é viável e possui boa acurácia para diagnóstico de DAC em pacientes com BRE com resultados superiores ao SPECT. A combinação da PMT e ATC permitiu melhorar a acurácia diagnóstica da avaliação de obstrução coronariana significativa em pacientes com BRE / Introduction: Stress computed tomography myocardial perfusion (CTP) is an emerging and non-invasive method to detect myocardial ischemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of CTP in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) who were being evaluated for coronary artery disease (CAD) and the additional value of CTP on computed tomography angiography (CTA) using 320-row detector CT scanner and compare them with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for detection of myocardial ischemia with significant coronary stenosis >= 70% using quantitative invasive coronary angiography (QCA) and coronary CT angiography as references. Material and Methods: Forty two LBBB patients with SPECT ( < 2 months) in diagnostic evaluation for CAD were referred to stress CT protocol which included calcium score, CTP, CTA and myocardial delayed enhancement. Thirty patients were referred to invasive coronary angiography. Independent blinded observers performed analyses of the images. Per-patient and perterritory analyses were conducted. Ethical committee aproval was obtained and all patients gave informed consent. Results: The mean age was 63 +- 10 years. 67% were women (28 patients). The total mean radiation dose was 9,3 +- 4,6 mSv. In per-patient sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative values were 86%, 89%, 80 and 93%, for CTP (p=0,001) (kappa 0.74) and 63%, 91% 65% and 90% (p < 0,001) in per-territory analysis (kappa 0.55), respectively. In both analyses, CTA showed excellent accuracy with area under receiver operating curve (AUC) = 0.9. Fair agreement was demonstrated between SPECT and QCA (kappa 0,32 e 0,26) in per-patient and per-territory analyses, respectively. The combined analysis of CTA with CTP, improved diagnostic accuracy for detection of coronary stenosis with hemodynamically significant luminal reduction ( >= 70%) compared with CTA, CTP or SPECT alone, demonstrated by sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 93%, 87%, 87%, 93% (p < 0,0001) in the combined evaluation by patient and 85%, 90%, 79%, 93% (p < 0,0001) in the combined evaluation by territory. Conclusion: The use of customized stress CT protocol is feasible and has good accuracy for the diagnosis of CAD in patients with LBBB with results better than SPECT. The combination of PMT and ATC has improved the diagnostic accuracy of the assessment of significant coronary obstruction in patients with LBBB

Page generated in 0.054 seconds