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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Značaj tumorskih markera CA125 i HE4, konvencionalne i dopler transvaginalne sonografije u dijagnostici karcinoma jajnika / The importance of tumor markers CA125 and HE4, conventional and Doppler transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosis of ovarian cancer

Pantelić Miloš 10 June 2016 (has links)
<p>Uvod: Karcinom jajnika predstavlja značajan zdravstveni problem.Karakteri&scaron;e ga najveća smrtnost od svih ginekolo&scaron;kih maligniteta. Najveći broj slučajeva karcinoma jajnika dijagostikuje se u uznapredovalim stadijumima bolesti (FIGO st. III i IV), kod kojih petogodi&scaron;nje preživljavanje iznosi ispod 30%, dok se svega 25% slučajeva otkrije u prvom stadijumu gde petogodi&scaron;nje preživljavanje iznosi preko 90%. Do danas nije otkrivena dijagnostička metoda za rano otkrivanje početnog karcinoma jajnika u op&scaron;toj populaciji koja je dovoljno osetljiva i specifična da bi se koristila kao &bdquo;screening&ldquo; metoda. Uspeh u lečenju karcinoma jajnika direktno zavisi od rano postavljene dijagnoze. Cilj istraživanja: Utvrditi značaj tumorskih markera Ca125, HE4, Roma indexa, konvencionalne i dopler transvaginalne sonografije u dijagnostici karcinoma jajnika. Metodologija: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao prospektivna klinička studija, na Klinici za ginekologiju i aku&scaron;erstvo u Novom Sadu. Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 238 pacijenktinja sa adneksalnim tumorom za operativno lečenje. Preoperativno svim pacijentkinjama je uzeta detaljna anamneza, urađen konvencionalni i dopler transvaginalni ultrazvučni pregled i uzeta krv za određivanje tumorskih markera CA125, HE4, Roma indexa. U zavisnosti od definitivnog patohistolo&scaron;kog nalaza pacijentkinje su podeljene u dve grupe. Grupu A ili ispitivanu grupu su činile ispitanice sa karcinomom i border line tumorima,a grupu B ili kontrolnu grupu,pacijentkinje sa benignim tumorima jajnika. Rezultati: Prosečna starost pacijentkinja je 53 godine. U ukupnom ispitivanom uzorku bilo je statistički značajno vi&scaron;e pacijentkinja u premenopauzi(59,2%) u odnosu na postmenopauzalne pacijentkinje. U ispitivanoj grupi najče&scaron;će zastupljen patohistolo&scaron;ki tip karcinoma je high-grade serozni cistadenokarcinom. Kod najvećeg broja pacijentkinja(49,4%) karcinom je dijagnostikovan u I stadijumu bolesti. U diferencijaciji karcinoma jajnika i benignih tumora jajnika, AUC vrednosti za HE4,Ca125 i Roma index su 0.933, 0.831 i 0.932. Senzitivnost HE4,Ca125,Roma indexa iznosi 0.797/ 0.734 / 0.823. Specifičnost HE4,Ca125, Roma indexa je 0.881 / 0.838 / 0.774. Senzitivnost konvencionalne i dopler transvaginalne sonografije je 0,937/ 0,750, a specifičnost je 0,736/ 0,931 respektivno.Kod pacijentkinja sa endometriozom, vrednost tumorskog markera HE4 je povi&scaron;ena samo kod 6% pacijentkinja, za razliku od vrednosti Ca125 koje su povi&scaron;ene kod 76% pacijentkinja sa endometriozom. Zaključak: Najsnažniji prediktori u diferencijaciji karcinoma od benignih tumora jajnika su: tumorski marker HE4, Roma index, indeks otpora protoku krvi kroz tumorsko tkivo (RI), neravan unutra&scaron;nji zid tumora i ekrescencije unutar tumora. Najbolju senzitivnost u detekciji karcinoma jajnika pokazala je konvencionalna transvaginalna sonografija u odnosu na druge dve ispitivane metode, dok najbolju specifičnost u odvajanju benignih tumora od karcinoma jajnika pokazuje dopler transvaginalna sonografija.</p> / <p>Background: Ovarian cancer represents very important world health issue. It is characterized by the highest mortality rate of all gynecological malignancies. The majority of ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed in advanced stages (FIGO III and IV) in which 5 year survival rate is less than 30%, and only 25% of cases are diagnosed in stage I with survival rate of 90%. So far no diagnostic method has been discovered that is specific and accurate enough to diagnose ovarian cancer in early stage in general population, so that it can be used as screening method. Success rate of treatment of ovarian cancer is dependent on the stage in which the diagnosis has been made. Objective: to determine the importance of tumor markers CA 125, HE4, Roma index, conventional and Doppler transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Method: Research was undertaken as prospective study at Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad. The analysis included 238 women with adnexal tumors indicated for surgery. Preoperatively detailed medical history, blood analysis (CA125,HE4,ROMA index), conventional and Doppler transvaginal ultrasound were done for all patients. Patients were divided into two groups depending on their definite pathohistological finding. Group A included patients with carcinoma and border line tumors. Group B (control group) included patients with benign ovarian tumors. Results: Average age of patient was 53 years. More patients were premenopausal (59.2%). The most frequent pathohistological type of carcinoma was high grade serous cystadenocarcinoma. In most cases diagnosis was made in stage I (49.4%). In differentiation between ovarian carcinoma and benign ovarian tumors AUC for HE4, Ca125and Roma index were 0.933,0.831,0.932. Sensitivity of HE4,Ca125 and Roma index is 0.797,0.734,0.832. Specificity of HE4,Ca125 and Roma index is 0.881,0.838,0.774. Sensitivity of conventional and transvaginal ultrasound is 0.937, 0.750, and specificity is 0.736 and 0.931 respectively. In patients with endometriosis tumor marker HE4 levels were elevated in only 6% of cases, while Ca125 levels were elevated in 76% of cases. Conclusion: The most important predictors in carcinoma/benign tumor differentiation are tumor markers HE4, Roma index, RI, uneven inner walls of tumor and ekrescency inside tumor. The highest sensitivity in ovarian cancer detection showed conventional transvaginal ultrasound when compared to two other used methods. The highest specificity in carcinoma/bening tumor differentiation showed doppler transvaginal ultrasound.</p>
2

Predição de malignidade de tumores ovarianos utilizando marcadores tumorais, índice de risco e ROMA / Prediction of malignancy of ovarian tumors using tumor markers, risk index and ROMA

Anton, Cristina 29 September 2011 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de ovário é o mais letal de todos os cânceres ginecológicos e requer ser tratado por ginecologistas especializados em centros terciários para se obter melhor prognóstico. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e comparar quatro estratégias diferentes para predizer a benignidade ou malignidade de tumores pélvicos supostamente de origem ovariana utilizando para este fim, marcadores tumorais CA 125 e HE4, índice de risco de malignidade (IRM) e algoritmo ROMA. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo prospectivo foram avaliadas 128 pacientes com diagnóstico de tumores pélvicos supostamente de origem ovariana atendidas na Divisão de Clínica Ginecológica do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo entre julho de 2008 e janeiro 2011. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade e a especificidade e construídas curvas ROC para comparar os quatro parâmetros (CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM) na eficácia de diferenciar tumores ovarianos. RESULTADOS: A sensibilidade obtida para CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM foi de, respectivamente, 70,4%, 79,7%, 74,1% e 63,0%. A especificidade para CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM foi de, respectivamente, 74,2%, 66,7%, 75,8% e 92,4%. Não houve diferença na comparação das áreas abaixo da curva ROC entre os quatro parâmetros. CONCLUSÕES: Nenhum dos quatro métodos estudados é o ideal na diferenciação de tumores ovarianos. Entre os quatro parâmetros analisados o HE4 foi o parâmetro com melhor sensibilidade na diferenciação de tumores ovarianos. A acurácia dos quatro métodos é equivalente e podem ser utilizados indistintamente para referenciar pacientes para serviços especializados no tratamento de câncer de ovário / BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers and requires to be treated by gynecologic oncologists in tertiary centers accustomed to treating this disease to achieve the best prognosis. This study aims to compare four different strategies to predict the benignity or malignancy of pelvic tumors presumably of ovarian origin using, for this purpose, tumor markers CA 125 and HE4, risk malignancy index (RMI) and algorithm ROMA. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated 128 patients supposedly with ovarian tumors treated at the Divisão de Clínica Ginecológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo between July 2008 and January 2011. We calculated sensitivity, specificity and ROC curves to compare the four parameters (CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI) ability to differentiate the ovarian tumors. RESULTS: The sensitivity obtained for CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI was, respectively, 70.4%, 79.7%, 74.1% and 63.0%. The specificity obtained for CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI was, respectively, 74.2%, 66.7%, 75.8% and 92.4%. There was no difference the areas under the ROC curve among the four parameters. CONCLUSIONS: None of the four studied methods is best in the differentiation of ovarian tumors. Among the four parameters analyzed, HE4 was the parameter with highest sensitivity in the differentiation of ovarian tumors. The accuracy of the four methods is equivalent and can be used interchangeably to refer patients for specialized services in the treatment of ovarian cancer
3

Predição de malignidade de tumores ovarianos utilizando marcadores tumorais, índice de risco e ROMA / Prediction of malignancy of ovarian tumors using tumor markers, risk index and ROMA

Cristina Anton 29 September 2011 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de ovário é o mais letal de todos os cânceres ginecológicos e requer ser tratado por ginecologistas especializados em centros terciários para se obter melhor prognóstico. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e comparar quatro estratégias diferentes para predizer a benignidade ou malignidade de tumores pélvicos supostamente de origem ovariana utilizando para este fim, marcadores tumorais CA 125 e HE4, índice de risco de malignidade (IRM) e algoritmo ROMA. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo prospectivo foram avaliadas 128 pacientes com diagnóstico de tumores pélvicos supostamente de origem ovariana atendidas na Divisão de Clínica Ginecológica do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo entre julho de 2008 e janeiro 2011. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade e a especificidade e construídas curvas ROC para comparar os quatro parâmetros (CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM) na eficácia de diferenciar tumores ovarianos. RESULTADOS: A sensibilidade obtida para CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM foi de, respectivamente, 70,4%, 79,7%, 74,1% e 63,0%. A especificidade para CA 125, HE4, ROMA e IRM foi de, respectivamente, 74,2%, 66,7%, 75,8% e 92,4%. Não houve diferença na comparação das áreas abaixo da curva ROC entre os quatro parâmetros. CONCLUSÕES: Nenhum dos quatro métodos estudados é o ideal na diferenciação de tumores ovarianos. Entre os quatro parâmetros analisados o HE4 foi o parâmetro com melhor sensibilidade na diferenciação de tumores ovarianos. A acurácia dos quatro métodos é equivalente e podem ser utilizados indistintamente para referenciar pacientes para serviços especializados no tratamento de câncer de ovário / BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers and requires to be treated by gynecologic oncologists in tertiary centers accustomed to treating this disease to achieve the best prognosis. This study aims to compare four different strategies to predict the benignity or malignancy of pelvic tumors presumably of ovarian origin using, for this purpose, tumor markers CA 125 and HE4, risk malignancy index (RMI) and algorithm ROMA. METHODS: This prospective study evaluated 128 patients supposedly with ovarian tumors treated at the Divisão de Clínica Ginecológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and at Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo between July 2008 and January 2011. We calculated sensitivity, specificity and ROC curves to compare the four parameters (CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI) ability to differentiate the ovarian tumors. RESULTS: The sensitivity obtained for CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI was, respectively, 70.4%, 79.7%, 74.1% and 63.0%. The specificity obtained for CA 125, HE4, ROMA and RMI was, respectively, 74.2%, 66.7%, 75.8% and 92.4%. There was no difference the areas under the ROC curve among the four parameters. CONCLUSIONS: None of the four studied methods is best in the differentiation of ovarian tumors. Among the four parameters analyzed, HE4 was the parameter with highest sensitivity in the differentiation of ovarian tumors. The accuracy of the four methods is equivalent and can be used interchangeably to refer patients for specialized services in the treatment of ovarian cancer

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