O carcinoma de células renais (CCR) representa 3% das neoplasias humanas e aproximadamente 90% das neoplasias renais e entre os tumores urológicos. O CCR é bastante resistente à radioterapia convencional. Entretanto, com o aparecimento de novas técnicas/equipamentos é possivel a aplicação de doses com precisão presevando-se os tecidos adjacentes. Para a verificação da expressão proteica em diferentes tecidos e fluidos corporais, foi utilizado o estudo proteômico sob diferentes condições e / ou tempos. A espectrometria de massa permite a identificação e quantificação de milhares de proteínas e peptídeos em fluidos biológicos ou células lisadas, sendo assim uma ferramenta poderosa para identificação de potenciais biomarcadores de doenças. A finalidade deste trabalho foi analisar o perfil proteico das células de adenocarcinoma renal (786-0) após a radiação com doses que variaram de 2 a 10 Gy. Os dados foram tratados com o programa One-way ANOVA seguida do de Bonferroni. Pelo ensaio de clonogenicidade definiou-se a dose de 8 Gy como a ideal estudos. A extração das proteínas citoplasmáticas foi realizada com o kit de extração do proteoma subcelular PE e a quantificação das proteínas feita pelo método de Lowry. A integridade das proteínas foi analisada por SDS-PAGE e a solução proteica foi verificada em LTQ Orbitrap. Os resultados gerados foram analisados pelo servidor MASCOT para a busca de peptídeos. A análise por espectrometria de massa foi possível identificar 44 proteínas nas amostras não irradiadas - e 87 das amostras irradiadas. Nas amostras não irradiadas a distribuição dos grupos funcionais foi de síntese proteica 46,66%; Metabolismo energético 16,66%; Migração e proliferação 16,66%; Antioxidantes 3,33%. No grupo irradiado síntese proteica 35,89%; Metabolismo energético 20,51%; Migração e proliferação 20,51%; Antioxidantes 5,12%; Chaperonas moleculares 5,12% e Endopeptidases 5,12%. Em seguida, analisou-se o espetro de as sequências com escores acima de 40. Nas amostras irradiadas encontrou-se: ENO1 (47 kDa); A VIM (53 kDa)/ HEL113; PSMA1; TRAJ56; hCG; Cofilina-1 (19 kDa); HIST1H4H; PKM2; ANXA1; HSPB1/ HSP27. Deste grupo, entendemos que a subunidade alfa do proteassoma - tipo 1 (PSMA1), que possui uma atividade molecular de endopeptidase, seja um alvo interessante para estudos posteriores. / Renal cell carcinoma (CRC) represents 3% of human neoplasms and approximately 90% of renal neoplasms and among urological tumors. The RCC is quite resistant to conventional radiotherapy. This technique allows the dose of radiation, in a single fraction, to be accurately applied to the tumor and the tissues adjacent to it, most of the time, are spared. The protein expression analysis in different tissues and body fluids was realized according the proteomics study under different conditions and / or times. Mass spectrometry allows the identification and quantification of thousands of proteins and peptides in a biological fluid or lysed cells, and is analyzed on a platform to identify differences in the expression of proteins associated with the proliferation of cancer cells and to establish potential biomarkers predictive of answer. The aim of this work was to analyze the protein profile of human renal cancer 786-0 cells after radiation, evaluated according the mitotic potential of irradiated cells in GammaCell performed at doses of 2 to 10 Gy. The irradiated cell colonies were stained and counted, and the multiple comparisons were analyzed by One-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-test. The dose of 8 Gy was defined as ideal for cell irradiation, the cytoplasmic proteins were extracted by the subcellular proteome PE kit and quantified by the Lowry method. For protein integrity analysis, SDS-PAGE was performed. The protein solution was analyzed in LTQ Orbitrap. The generated result was analyzed by the MASCOT server for search of peptides. Mass spectrometric analysis identified 44 proteins in non-irradiated samples - and 87 in irradiated samples. In non-irradiated samples the distribution of functional groups was protein synthesis 46.66%; Energy metabolism 16.66%; Migration and proliferation 16.66%; Antioxidants 3.33%. In the irradiated group protein synthesis 35.89%; Energy metabolism 20.51%; Migration and proliferation 20.51%; Antioxidants 5.12%; Molecular chaperones 5.12% and Endopeptidases 5.12%. Then, the spectrum of the sequences above 40 was analyzed. In the irradiated samples we found: ENO1 (47 kDa); VIM (53 kDa) / HEL113; PSMA1; TRAJ56; hCG; Cophylline-1 (19 kDa); HIST1H4H; PKM2; ANXA1; HSPB1 / HSP27. From this group, we identified the alpha subunit of the proteome type 1 (PSMA1) that has an endopeptidase This group, understood as a proteasome - type 1 (PSMA1) alpha subunit, has an endopeptidase molecular molecule and is an interesting target for further studies.

This dissertation includes two accounts of rigorous modeling of petroleum refinery modeling using rigorous reaction and fractionation units. The models consider various process phenomena and have been extensively used during a course of a six-month study to understand and predict behavior. This work also includes extensive guides to allow users to develop similar models using commercial software tools. (1) Predictive Modeling of Large-Scale Integrated Refinery Reaction and Fractionation Systems from Plant Data: Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Process with Planning Applications: This work presents the methodology to develop, validate and apply a predictive model for an integrated fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. We demonstrate the methodology by using data from a commercial FCC plant in the Asia Pacific with a feed capacity of 800,000 tons per year. Our model accounts for the complex cracking kinetics in the riser-regenerator and associated gas plant phenomena. We implement the methodology with Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and a commercial software tool, Aspen HYSYS/Petroleum Refining from Aspen Technology, Inc. The methodology is equally applicable to other commercial software tools. This model gives accurate predictions of key product yields and properties given feed qualities and operating conditions. This work differentiates itself from previous work in this area through the following contributions: (1) detailed models of the entire FCC plant, including the overhead gas compressor, main fractionator, primary and sponge oil absorber, primary stripper and debutanizer columns; (2) process to infer molecular composition required for the kinetic model using routinely collected bulk properties of feedstock; (3) predictions of key liquid product properties not published alongside previous related work (density, D-86 distillation curve and flash point); (4) case studies showing industrially useful applications of the model; and (5) application of the model with an existing LP-based planning tool. (2) Predictive Modeling of Large-Scale Integrated Refinery Reaction and Fractionation Systems from Plant Data: Continuous Catalyst Regeneration (CCR) Reforming Process: This work presents a model for the rating and optimization of an integrated catalytic reforming process with UOP-style continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR). We validate this model using plant data from a commercial CCR reforming process handling a feed capacity of 1.4 million tons per year in the Asia Pacific. The model relies on routinely monitored data such ASTM distillation curves, paraffin-napthene- aromatic (PNA) analysis and operating conditions. We account for dehydrogenation, dehydrocyclization, isomerization and hydrocracking reactions that typically occur with petroleum feedstock. In addition, this work accounts for the coke deposited on the catalyst and product recontacting sections. This work differentiates itself from the reported studies in the literature through the following contributions: (1) detailed kinetic model that accounts for coke generation and catalyst deactivation; (2) complete implementation of a recontactor and primary product fractionation; (3) feed lumping from limited feed information; (4) detailed procedure for kinetic model calibration; (5) industrially relevant case studies that highlight the effects of changes in key process variables; and (6) application of the model to refinery-wide production planning. / Ph. D.

A principal via de infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV-1) em crianças é a transmissão materno-infantil (TMI). Diversos fatores podem estar associados com a TMI do HIV-1. Acredita-se que indivíduos homozigotos para o alelo CCR5-?32 são resistentes à infecção pelo HIV-1. Considerando que ainda permanece controverso o papel dos mecanismos envolvidos, especificamente o de polimorfismos de genes associados à infecção do HIV-1, este estudo avalia a influência da deleção do gene CCR5 na TMI da infecção pelo HIV-1. Foram avaliadas 82 duplas de mães e filhos, sendo 56 duplas em que não ocorreu a TMI e 26 em que ocorreu a TMI do HIV-1. Na presente casuística, não detectamos diferenças significantes ao compararmos a presença da deleção do gene CCR5 na TMI, nas duplas de mãe e filhos, mas observamos que há uma predominância da presença da deleção nos filhos não infectados em comparação aos que foram verticalmente infectados. Relativo aos dados socio-demográficos, a utilização da terapia antirretroviral na gestação e parto foram significantemente associados com a proteção da TMI do HIV-1(p= 0,0001 e p= 0,014, respectivamente). Assim, a promoção de intervenções que reduzam a carga viral materna são fundamentais para a redução da TMI do HIV-1. Várias são as estratégias de prevenção da TMI, entretanto, crianças ainda são infectadas, evidenciando-se que ainda há um amplo desafio na sua prevenção. Nesse contexto, a enfermagem pode contribuir com ações que envolvem o pré-natal, parto e puerpério, realizando aconselhamento quanto à realização do teste anti-HIV, utilização de antirretrovirais, promoção e o apoio de práticas ideais de alimentação infantil. / The main via of infection by Human Imunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) in children is the maternal-infant transmission (MIT). Several factors can be associated to MIT of HIV- 1. It\'s believed that the homozygote individual to the allele CCR5-?32 are resistant to the infection of HIV-1. Considering that the role of the mechanisms involved are still controversial, specifically the one of polymorphism of genes associated to the infection of HIV-1, this study evaluates the influence of deletion of the gene CCR5 in the MIT of the infection by HIV-1. It has been evaluated 82 couples of mothers and children, being 56 couples in which haven\'t occurred MIT and 26 in which have occurred MIT of HIV-1. In the current casuistry, it hasn\'t been detected meaningful differences when compared the presence of deletion of the gene CCR5 in MIT, in mother and children\'s couples, but it has been observed that there is a predominance of the presence of deletion in the not infected children to the ones vertically infected. Related to the social-demographic data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in the gestation and labor was meaningfully associated to the protection of MIT of HIV-1 (p= 0,0001 e p= 0,014, respectively). Therefore, the promotion of interventions that reduce the maternal viral load are fundamental for the reduction of MIT of HIV-1. There are several strategies to prevent the MIT, thus, children are still infected, becoming evident that there is still a wide challenge of its prevention. In this context, the nursing can contribute with actions that involve the prenatal, labor and puerperium, advising about the realization of the test of anti-HIV, the usage of antiretrovials, promotion and support of ideal practices of infant nourishment.

A principal via de infecção pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV-1) em crianças é a transmissão materno-infantil (TMI). Diversos fatores podem estar associados com a TMI do HIV-1. Acredita-se que indivíduos homozigotos para o alelo CCR5-?32 são resistentes à infecção pelo HIV-1. Considerando que ainda permanece controverso o papel dos mecanismos envolvidos, especificamente o de polimorfismos de genes associados à infecção do HIV-1, este estudo avalia a influência da deleção do gene CCR5 na TMI da infecção pelo HIV-1. Foram avaliadas 82 duplas de mães e filhos, sendo 56 duplas em que não ocorreu a TMI e 26 em que ocorreu a TMI do HIV-1. Na presente casuística, não detectamos diferenças significantes ao compararmos a presença da deleção do gene CCR5 na TMI, nas duplas de mãe e filhos, mas observamos que há uma predominância da presença da deleção nos filhos não infectados em comparação aos que foram verticalmente infectados. Relativo aos dados socio-demográficos, a utilização da terapia antirretroviral na gestação e parto foram significantemente associados com a proteção da TMI do HIV-1(p= 0,0001 e p= 0,014, respectivamente). Assim, a promoção de intervenções que reduzam a carga viral materna são fundamentais para a redução da TMI do HIV-1. Várias são as estratégias de prevenção da TMI, entretanto, crianças ainda são infectadas, evidenciando-se que ainda há um amplo desafio na sua prevenção. Nesse contexto, a enfermagem pode contribuir com ações que envolvem o pré-natal, parto e puerpério, realizando aconselhamento quanto à realização do teste anti-HIV, utilização de antirretrovirais, promoção e o apoio de práticas ideais de alimentação infantil. / The main via of infection by Human Imunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) in children is the maternal-infant transmission (MIT). Several factors can be associated to MIT of HIV- 1. It\'s believed that the homozygote individual to the allele CCR5-?32 are resistant to the infection of HIV-1. Considering that the role of the mechanisms involved are still controversial, specifically the one of polymorphism of genes associated to the infection of HIV-1, this study evaluates the influence of deletion of the gene CCR5 in the MIT of the infection by HIV-1. It has been evaluated 82 couples of mothers and children, being 56 couples in which haven\'t occurred MIT and 26 in which have occurred MIT of HIV-1. In the current casuistry, it hasn\'t been detected meaningful differences when compared the presence of deletion of the gene CCR5 in MIT, in mother and children\'s couples, but it has been observed that there is a predominance of the presence of deletion in the not infected children to the ones vertically infected. Related to the social-demographic data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in the gestation and labor was meaningfully associated to the protection of MIT of HIV-1 (p= 0,0001 e p= 0,014, respectively). Therefore, the promotion of interventions that reduce the maternal viral load are fundamental for the reduction of MIT of HIV-1. There are several strategies to prevent the MIT, thus, children are still infected, becoming evident that there is still a wide challenge of its prevention. In this context, the nursing can contribute with actions that involve the prenatal, labor and puerperium, advising about the realization of the test of anti-HIV, the usage of antiretrovials, promotion and support of ideal practices of infant nourishment.

nÃo hà / Este trabalho analisarà a eficiÃncia tÃcnica dos cursos de mestrado acadÃmico e de doutorado ofertados pela Universidade Federal do Cearà durante os anos de 2010, 2011 e 2012, tendo como base de dados os indicadores adotados pela CAPES para a consolidaÃÃo de sua avaliaÃÃo periÃdica dos cursos de pÃs-graduaÃÃo prescrita em lei. Como ferramenta de decisÃo, optou-se pelo uso da tÃcnica matemÃtica da AnÃlise EnvoltÃria de Dados â DEA, com orientaÃÃo ao produto e sob a perspectiva dos mÃtodos CCR e BCC, onde cada curso ou programa de pÃs-graduaÃÃo foi considerado uma DMU. No comparativo das inferÃncias apresentadas pelos dois modelos, pode-se observar uma tendÃncia de queda na eficiÃncia dos cursos ao longo do perÃodo investigado, apesar da alavancagem na quantidade de insumos durante esse mesmo tempo, evidenciando, pois, algumas desproporÃÃes entre as variÃveis, sobretudo no que concerne Ãs especificidades acadÃmicas inerentes a cada DMU, somadas ainda à ausÃncia de oferta para os cursos de doutorado em alguns programas. / This research will analyze the technical efficiency on academic master and doctorate courses offered by the Cearà Federal University in the years of 2010, 2011 and 2012, having as data base the indicators adopted by CAPES for the consolidation of its periodic evaluation prescribed by laws on post-graduate courses. As decision making tool, was chosen the mathematic technique of Data Envelopment Analysis â DEA, output oriented and under the perspectives of CCR and BBC models where every post-graduate program / course was considered a DMU. Comparing the inferences presented by both models, it could be observed a decreasing tendency of efficiency on courses throughout the investigation period, despite the input growth during this very same period, evidencing therefore, some discrepancies between the variants, mainly concerning academic specifications related to each DMU, also adding the lack of provision for doctoral courses in some study programs.

Historiquement, SOCS1 a été décrite comme une protéine capable de réguler négativement la signalisation induite par les cytokines. Dès lors, un vif engouement s’est porté sur cette protéine quant à un probable rôle de suppresseur de tumeur, notamment grâce à ses fonctions anti-inflammatoires. De surcroit, son expression est fréquemment perdue dans de nombreux cancers des suites de phénomènes épigénétiques. Récemment, il a même été démontré que SOCS1 pouvait rentrer en complexe protéique avec le suppresseur de tumeur P53, et était requis pour son activité transcriptionnelle. Finalement, notre laboratoire a participé à démontrer que SOCS1 inhibait la signalisation et les fonctions du récepteur MET dans les hépatocytes. Étant donné l’influence bien connue de l’inflammation, de l’épigénétique, de P53 et de MET dans le cancer colorectal (CCR), nous avions émis l’hypothèse que SOCS1 agirait en tant que suppresseur de tumeur dans le CCR. Dans la présente étude, nous avons modulé l’expression de SOCS1 dans un modèle cellulaire de progression tumorale colique, soit les cellules CT36 et CT26. Puis, les caractéristiques biologiques dites cancéreuses de ces lignées ont été évaluées in-cellulo et in-vivo. Contre toute attente, nos résultats révèlent une action pro-tumorale menée par SOSC1 dans le CCR. La surexpression de SOCS1 dans les cellules CT26 provoque une augmentation de la croissance cellulaire, de la survie sans ancrage à la matrice extracellulaire et de la capacité à former des tumeurs in vivo. Et à l’inverse, sa diminution, par ARN interférent, provoque chez les cellules CT36 une baisse de ces mêmes fonctions cancéreuses. Au niveau moléculaire, nous avons validé que SOCS1 conservait bien son aptitude à inhiber les voies de signalisation des cytokines et du récepteur MET ainsi qu’à promouvoir l’activité de p53. Nous avons aussi identifié que SOCS1 diminue l’expression des protéines STAT1, P21cip/kip, et de la protéine adaptatrice P66SHC. En conclusion, ce travail de recherche révèle, pour la première fois, que l’expression de SOCS1 favoriserait le développement de certains CCR. Les protéines STAT1, P21 cip/kip et P66SHC étant connues pour être impliquées dans des processus antiprolifératifs et pro-apoptotiques, leurs régulations négatives par SOCS1 pourraient en être les raisons.

This diploma thesis is focused on evaluation of efficiency of domestic bank branch site using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The branch site belongs to Československá obchodní banka (ČSOB). Theoretic part is focused on explanation of basic definitions related to DEA. I concentrate on basic models which are applicated in practical part of the thesis. Practical part of the thesis is focused on computation, using particulary BCC a CCR model. General information about bank market in the Czech Republic, ČSOB and using DEA in bank sector are included too.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the efficiency of teams that have participated in the last season of Major League of Baseball. To measure this efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models are used. Theoretic part is focused on explanation of basic definitions related to DEA. The emphasis in this part is concentrated on basic models which are applied in the second part of the thesis. Application study is focused on computation of attack and defence efficiency using BCC a CCR model. In the end the efficiency given by DEA models is compared to the position of teams in the final table.

In this thesis, the optical communication systems for millimeter-scale sensing and communication devises known as "Smart Dust" are described and analyzed. A smart dust element is a self-contained sensing and communication system that can be combined into roughly a cubic-millimeter mote to perform integrated, massively distributed sensor networks. The suitable passive optical and fiber-optic communication systems will be selected for the further performance design and analysis based on the requirements for implementing these systems. Based on the communication link designs of the free-space passive optical and fiber-optic communication systems, the simulations for link performance will be performed. / Master of Science

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-04-04T16:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriela Birk Hansen_.pdf: 1946837 bytes, checksum: d7659caad65551dfc9cfab033f4cbe1b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T16:01:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriela Birk Hansen_.pdf: 1946837 bytes, checksum: d7659caad65551dfc9cfab033f4cbe1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-21 / Nenhuma / O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar a evolução do financiamento a projetos de exportação de bens e serviços de infraestrutura por empresas brasileiras, com financiamento do BNDES a partir de 1998 até 2016. Para tanto, a partir de uma análise descritiva, é quantificada a evolução da carteira de financiamento destes projetos, analisando os diferentes destinos das exportações, as garantias oferecidas – CCR/ALADI e FCE/FGE, além de relacionar as condições das concessões dos financiamentos dos projetos com as condições econômicas e políticas do cenário nacional e internacional. No período analisado, foram 154 operações de exportação de bens e serviços de infraestrutura, num total de 575 desembolsos para 13 países em 2 continentes. O montante financiado no período soma US$ 14,7 bilhões. Destes, em valores, 33% foram para o Continente Africano (Angola, Gana e Moçambique), 20% para Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala e Honduras. A maior fatia, 47%, foi financiada para os países da América do Sul signatários da ALADI. Observou-se que o CCR, exclusivo dos países da ALADI, foi usado inicialmente na concessão dos primeiros financiamentos de projetos, estando em desuso nos dias atuais, mesmo contando com as vantagens da transferibilidade, conversibilidade e aceitação irrevogável dos bancos centrais. As demais operações são todas garantidas pelo SCE/FGE. Observa-se um aumento gradativo no volume de recursos financiados pelo BNDES a partir de 2003. Com mudanças na política externa do governo federal brasileiro, entre 2007 e 2014 houve uma ênfase maior nas relações com países do Continente Africano, especialmente Angola, e países da América do Sul. / The present study aims to present the financing evolution to export projects of infrastructure goods and services by Brazilian companies, with BNDES financing from 1998 to 2016. For this purpose, from a descriptive analysis, the evolution of the financing portfolio of these projects is quantified, analyzing the different export destinations, the guarantees offered - CCR / ALADI and FCE / FGE, as well as to relate the conditions of the project financing concessions with the economic and political conditions of the national and international scenario. In the analyzed period, there were 154 export operations of infrastructure goods and services, in a total of 575 disbursements to 13 countries in 2 continents. The amount financed in the period amounts to US $ 14.7 billion dollars. Of these, 33% went to the African Continent (Angola, Ghana and Mozambique), 20% to Costa Rica, Cuba, Guatemala and Honduras. The largest share, 47%, was financed for the South American countries signatories to ALADI. It was observed that the CCR, exclusive of the ALADI countries, was initially used in the granting of the first projects financing, being in disuse these days, even with the advantages of transferability, convertibility and irrevocable acceptance of the central banks. All other operations are guaranteed by the SCE/FGE. There is a gradual increase in the volume of resources financed by the BNDES from 2003. With changes in the foreign policy of the Brazilian federal government, between 2007 and 2014 there was a greater emphasis on relations wit the African Continent countries, especially Angola and South America countries.