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Cancer-Related Distress: How Often Does It Co-occur With a Mental Disorder? – Results of a Secondary AnalysisErnst, Jochen, Friedrich, Michael, Vehling, Sigrun, Koch, Uwe, Mehnert-Theuerkauf, Anja 31 March 2023 (has links)
Objectives: The Distress Thermometer (DT) is a validated and widely used screening
tool to identify clinically relevant distress in cancer patients. It is unclear, to which extend
subjectively perceived distress measured by the DT is related to objective burden (mental
disorder). We therefore examine the co-occurrence of a mental disorder for different DT
thresholds and explore the diagnostic properties of the DT in detecting a mental disorder.
Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, we included 4,020 patients with
mixed cancer diagnoses. After selection of relevant cases, weighting procedure and
imputation of missing data we evaluated the data of N = 3,212 patients. We used the DT
to assess perceived distress and the standardized Composite International Diagnostic
Interview for Oncology (CIDI-O) to assess the 4-week prevalence of mental disorders.
The association between distress and any mental disorder (MD) is calculated using
Pearson correlations. Relative risks for MD in patients with/without distress and the
co-occurrence of distress and MD were calculated with Poisson regression. To assess
the operating characteristics between distress and MD, we present the area under
the curve (AUC).
Results: 22.9% of the participants had a cut-off DT level of 5 and were affected by
MD. Each level of distress co-occurs with MD. The proportion of patients diagnosed
with MD was not greater than the proportion of patients without MD until distress levels
of DT = 6 were reached. The correlation between DT and MD was r = 0.27. The ROCanalysis
shows the area under curve (AUC) = 0.67, which is classified as unsatisfactory.
With increasing distress severity, patients are not more likely to have a mental disorder.
Conclusion: Our results suggests viewing and treating cancer-related distress as a
relatively distinct psychological entity. Cancer-related distress may be associated with
an increased risk for a mental disorder and vice versa, but the overlap of both concepts
is very moderate.
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A crank angle resolved CIDI engine combustion model with arbitrary fuel injection for control purposeKim, Chung-Gong 18 June 2004 (has links)
No description available.
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Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disordersKessler, Ronald C., Calabrese, Joseph R., Farley, P. A., Gruber, Michael J., Jewell, Mark A., Katon, Wayne, Keck Jr., Paul E., Nierenberg, Andrew A., Sampson, Nancy A., Shear, M. K., Shillington, Alicia C., Stein, Murray B., Thase, Michael Edward, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich 26 November 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Background Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem.
Method Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives.
Results Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9–38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0–2.9, p = 0.09–0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81–0.86, sensitivity 68.0–80.2%, specificity 90.1–98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR− is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses.
Conclusions CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
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Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disordersKessler, Ronald C., Calabrese, Joseph R., Farley, P. A., Gruber, Michael J., Jewell, Mark A., Katon, Wayne, Keck Jr., Paul E., Nierenberg, Andrew A., Sampson, Nancy A., Shear, M. K., Shillington, Alicia C., Stein, Murray B., Thase, Michael Edward, Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich January 2012 (has links)
Background Lack of coordination between screening studies for common mental disorders in primary care and community epidemiological samples impedes progress in clinical epidemiology. Short screening scales based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), the diagnostic interview used in community epidemiological surveys throughout the world, were developed to address this problem.
Method Expert reviews and cognitive interviews generated CIDI screening scale (CIDI-SC) item pools for 30-day DSM-IV-TR major depressive episode (MDE), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD) and bipolar disorder (BPD). These items were administered to 3058 unselected patients in 29 US primary care offices. Blinded SCID clinical reinterviews were administered to 206 of these patients, oversampling screened positives.
Results Stepwise regression selected optimal screening items to predict clinical diagnoses. Excellent concordance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)] was found between continuous CIDI-SC and DSM-IV/SCID diagnoses of 30-day MDE (0.93), GAD (0.88), PD (0.90) and BPD (0.97), with only 9–38 questions needed to administer all scales. CIDI-SC versus SCID prevalence differences are insignificant at the optimal CIDI-SC diagnostic thresholds (χ2 1 = 0.0–2.9, p = 0.09–0.94). Individual-level diagnostic concordance at these thresholds is substantial (AUC 0.81–0.86, sensitivity 68.0–80.2%, specificity 90.1–98.8%). Likelihood ratio positive (LR+) exceeds 10 and LR− is 0.1 or less at informative thresholds for all diagnoses.
Conclusions CIDI-SC operating characteristics are equivalent (MDE, GAD) or superior (PD, BPD) to those of the best alternative screening scales. CIDI-SC results can be compared directly to general population CIDI survey results or used to target and streamline second-stage CIDIs.
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