Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 444737.pdf: 628352 bytes, checksum: c24f3ccf9b1b08feecb9e9c2a2e72134 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-19 / Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and worldwide, and surgery is very often its primary treatment. Manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD 2) is one of the main intracellular antioxidant enzymes, participating directly in the protection of the cell against oxidative reactions, which are thought to be pivotal in carcinogenesis. Diminished expression of SOD 2 is found in a number of different neoplasms, and in some of them is correlated to an adverse prognosis. The present study was designed to correlate SOD 2 genetic polymorphism with postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients submitted to oncologic surgery at a university hospital, and to characterize the postoperative complications observed. We performed a prospective, observational study of 88 adult patients submitted to oncologic surgeries. Mean + SD age was 61 + 7.4 years; 59% of patients were male. Some co-morbidity was present in 76% of patients in the preoperative evaluation, of which the most common was arterial hypertension (47.7%). Most surgeries were performed in the gastrointestinal tract (85.2%), in most cases approaching the stomach or colon. Adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract was the most commonly found histological tumor type (80.7%). In 30.7 of patients, there was lymph node involvement. Postoperative complications occurred in 57% of patients, with sepsis (27.3%) and bronchopneumonia (11.4%) being the most frequent. Operative mortality (up to 30 postoperative days) was of 21.6%; the main cause of death was sepsis (63.2%). Allelic frequencies of SOD 2 genetic polymorphisms were: allele A 54% and allele B 45%. Genotypic frequencies observed were: genotype AA 34.1%, genotype BB 25%, and genotype AB 40.9%. There was no statistically significant association between preoperative variables and SOD 2 genetic polymorphism. The only postoperative variable associated to SOD 2 genetic polymorphism was urinary tract infection, which occurred exclusively in AA genotype patients (P = 0.002). When we evaluated the association between the presence of the A allele (genotypes AA and AB) of SOD 2 and preoperative variables, there was a positive correlation with diabetes mellitus (P = 0.04). There was no association between the presence of the A allele (genotypes AA and AB) and postoperative variables. When we evaluated the association of the presence of the B allele (genotypes AB and BB) of SOD 2 and preoperative variables, there was a positive correlation with cardiovascular disease (P = 0.01). When we evaluated the association of the presence of the B allele (genotypes AB and BB) of SOD 2 and postoperative variables, there was a positive correlation with urinary tract infections (P = 0.001) and stroke (P = 0.04). There was a borderline association between the presence of the B allele (genotypes AB and BB) of SOD 2 enterocutaneous fistula (P = 0.1). The present study implies that SOD 2 gene polymorphism does not seem to significantly influence postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients submitted to oncologic surgery. / O c?ncer ? uma das principais causas de morbi-mortalidade nos dias de hoje no Brasil e no mundo, e seu tratamento inicial ? cir?rgico em grande parte das situa??es. A super?xido dismutase dependente de mangan?s (SOD 2) ? a principal enzima antioxidante intracelular, participando ativamente na defesa da c?lula contra rea??es oxidativas, potenciais causadoras do processo de carcinog?nese. A express?o reduzida da SOD 2 ? verificada em diversas neoplasias, sendo correlacionada com progn?stico adverso em alguns tumores. O presente estudo objetivou correlacionar o polimorfismo do gene da SOD 2 e a morbi-mortalidade p?soperat?ria nos pacientes submetidos a cirurgias oncol?gicas em um hospital universit?rio, bem como caracterizar as frequ?ncias das complica??es p?soperat?rias destes pacientes. Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo, observacional, com 88 pacientes adultos submetidos a cirurgias oncol?gicas. A m?dia das idades dos pacientes foi de 61 + 7,4 anos; 59% dos pacientes eram do g?nero masculino. Dos operados, 76% apresentavam alguma co-morbidade no pr?-operat?rio, dentre as quais a hipertens?o arterial sist?mica foi a mais comum (47,7%). A maioria das cirurgias foi realizada no trato gastrintestinal (85,2%), na maior parte dos casos abordando est?mago e c?lon. O adenocarcinoma do trato gastrintestinal foi o tipo histol?gico mais frequentemente encontrado (80,7%). Comprometimento linfonodal pela neoplasia foi verificado em 30,7% dos pacientes. Complica??es p?s-operat?rias ocorreram em 57% dos pacientes, sendo que as mais frequentes foram s?psis (27,3%) e broncopneumonia (11,4%). A mortalidade operat?ria (at? 30 dias) foi de 21,6%; a principal causa de ?bito foi s?psis (63,2%). As frequ?ncias al?licas dos polimorfismos da SOD 2 foram: 54% para o alelo A e 45% para o alelo B. As frequ?ncias genot?picas observadas foram: 34,1% com gen?tipo AA, 25% com gen?tipo BB, e 40,9% com gen?tipo AB. N?o foi observada correla??o estat?stica entre vari?veis pr?-operat?rias e o polimorfismo do gene da SOD 2. Apenas uma das vari?veis p?s-operat?rias avaliadas (infec??o do trato urin?rio, a qual ocorreu somente entre os pacientes com gen?tipo AA) demonstrou associa??o com o polimorfismo do gene da SOD 2 (P = 0,002). Ao analisarmos a associa??o entre a presen?a do alelo A (gen?tipos AA e AB) da SOD 2 e os aspectos pr?-operat?rios observamos uma associa??o entre a mesma e a presen?a de diabete m?lito (P = 0,04). N?o houve associa??o entre a presen?a do alelo A (gen?tipos AA e AB) e vari?veis p?s-operat?rias. Ao avaliarmos a associa??o entre a presen?a do alelo B (gen?tipos AB e BB) da SOD 2 e vari?veis pr?-operat?rias, observamos uma correla??o positiva entre a mesma e doen?as cardiovasculares (P = 0,01). Ao avaliarmos a associa??o entre a presen?a do alelo B (gen?tipos AB e BB) da SOD 2 e vari?veis p?s-operat?rias, verificamos a associa??o entre a mesma e a ocorr?ncia de infec??o do trato urin?rio (P = 0,001) e acidente vascular cerebral (P = 0,04). Apresentou signific?ncia lim?trofe a associa??o entre a presen?a do alelo B (gen?tipos AB e BB) da SOD 2 e a ocorr?ncia de f?stula ?ntero-cut?nea (P = 0,1). O presente estudo permite concluir que o polimorfismo do gene da SOD 2 n?o parece influenciar de maneira significativa a ocorr?ncia de morbi-mortalidade p?soperat?ria em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias oncol?gicas.