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The thesis discusses current situation in the credit market in the Czech Republic. The main objective is to describe the functioning of the mortgage market and other credit markets, aiming not only to finance their own housing, but also on non-purpose loans. Business loans will be mentioned only very strictly. Loans are so extensive topic that it deserves a clear explanation, which families and individuals will understand and what they can expect when they will solve financing or what products are offered, what these products actually mean and what life situation (with regard to creditworthiness of the applicant, the purpose of the loan, and many other aspects) are determined. The whole thesis not only describes how the credit market looks, but also practically demonstrates how the entire process of handling the loan looks like and what you need primarily to solve when dealing with the financing.

The diploma thesis Development analysis of consumer loans in the Czech Republic and Slovakia describes the development and the structure of household debts in the Czech and Slovak Republic with major focus on the consumer loans development in both countries. Theoretical part is dedicated to the determination of different loan products for households, and the description of legislation related to consumer loans in both countries. The analysis of each market observes household debts and the development of consumer loans. The development is compared with elementary bank and macroeconomics measures which mostly influence demand for consumer loans. The final part focuses on the comparison of the results and findings between Czech and Slovak market.

The thesis is focused on loans for the financing of housing needs (mortgage loans, construction loans and consumer loans on the property). The work deals with the important parameters of each product. In particular, the definition of the purpose of financing, interest calculation, interest rate guarantees, collateral, repayment duration. Furthermore, the work focuses on state aid granted in these products, as well as credit risk, which is the issue of lending inextricably linked.

The aim of the thesis is devoted to creation of working sheets which are designed to teach selected topics of financial mathematics at high school. The thesis will focus on loan products (consumer loans, hire purchase, mortgage) insurance products (life and non-life insurance) and the rights of consumers. The thesis issues on the framework educational programs for high schools.

The master´s thesis analyses consumer loans provided by selected bank and non-bank entities within the Czech financial market. The main objective of the thesis, as well as the subject matter of its practical part, is to analyse the offers of particular bank and non-bank consumer loan providers and compare their financial advantages on sample examples of selected consumer loans. Partial goals of theoretical part of the thesis include closer presentation of the subject-matter of consumer loans, definition of the basic concepts and brief explanation of relevant law. The thesis also incorporates the evaluation of indebtedness development of Czech households.

This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the over-indebtedness of Czech households, its impacts and prevention methods. There are theories of education and consumerist society theories applied as basic theoretical concepts. The thesis analyses the scope and the over- indebtedness ways in the Czech Republic, it describes the causes and the implications of over- indebtedness of households and possibilities or over-indebtedness solution via the form of the debt relief. One of the possibilities how to prevent the over-indebtedness is to increase the financial literacy. The publically political tool used by the state is the financial education within the primary and secondary school systems. There was carried out a research in a particular family struggling with the over-indebtedness within this thesis. There was described the indebtedness origin and the development, the subsequent over-indebtedness and the way how to solve it. It was also described how the education for management of family finances was carried out, what the educational level of the married couple is and what the financial literacy level is. There was a questionnaire research performed within a secondary integrated school based on this research. The aim was to find out the relation among the final receivers of financial education to...

Кредитование физических лиц – одно из основных направлений деятельности коммерческих банков, приносящий доход. Для населения кредиты один из возможных способов повысить свой уровень жизни, например, купив недвижимость. Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена тем, что каждый год повышается спрос физических лиц на банковские кредиты, растет конкуренция на рынке среди кредитных организаций, что вызывает необходимые изменения в кредитной системе всей страны. Научная новизна работы: 1) Предложено более точное толкование определения просроченной задолженности (проблемная) по потребительскому кредиту, что позволяет увязать понятие проблемной задолженности по кредиту с высоким уровнем финансовых потерь в банке при ненадлежащем обслуживании заемщика кредита, что часто связано с ухудшением финансового положения заемщика. 2) Предложено усовершенствовать систему оценки платежеспособности заемщиков путем внедрения психоскоринга (с учетом требований закона о защите персональных данных), что позволит сформировать целостный портрет с точки зрения платежеспособности. 3) Предложено усовершенствовать механизм комплексного обслуживания клиента путем подключения овердрафта и выбора расчета ежемесячного платежа клиентом, что позволит снизить риски неплатежеспособности. / Lending to individuals is one of the main activities of commercial banks that generates income. For the population, loans are one of the possible ways to improve their standard of living, for example, by buying real estate. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that every year the demand of individuals for bank loans is increasing, competition in the market among credit institutions is growing, which causes the necessary changes in the credit system of the entire country. Scientific novelty of the work: 1) A more accurate interpretation of the definition of overdue debt (problem) for a consumer loan is proposed, which allows linking the concept of problem debt on a loan with a high level of financial losses in the bank with improper service of the borrower, which is often associated with a deterioration in the financial situation of the borrower. 2) It was proposed to improve the system for assessing the solvency of borrowers by introducing psychoscoring (taking into account the requirements of the law on the protection of personal data), which will allow to form a holistic portrait in terms of solvency. 3) It was proposed to improve the mechanism of comprehensive customer service by connecting an overdraft and choosing the calculation of a monthly payment by the customer, which will reduce the risks of insolvency.

This paper presents an approach to model the risks associated with defaults, prepayments, and order returns in the context of unsecured consumer credits, specifically in buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) loans. The paper presents a Bayesian competing risk proportional hazard model to model the time to default, prepayment, and order return in BNPL loans. Model parameters are estimated using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling techniques and Bayesian inference is developed using a unique dataset containing monthly performance data of fixed-duration interest-bearing consumer loans. / I denna rapport presenteras en metod för att modellera riskerna förknippade med fallissemang, förskottsbetalning, och returnering av order i osäkrade konsumentkrediter, mer specifikt i köp-nu-betala-senare (BNPL) krediter. Rapporten presenterar en Bayesiansk konkurrerande utfall-modell (competing risk) för att estimera tiden till fallissemang, förskottsbetalning och retur av order i BNPL-lån. Modellens parametrar estimeras med hjälp av Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) metoder och Bayesiansk inferens uppnås med hjälp av ett unikt dataset med månatlig kassaflödesdata från räntebärande BNPL-lån.

The diploma thesis deals with the new legal legislation on the field of protection of the bank client as a consumer in the legal system of Czech Republic and evaluation of the level set by regulation. The theses itself provides a complex view on particular areas of the protection of the consumer on the field of commercial banking, which has undergone major amendments during last years, such as consumer loans, payments, insurance claims from deposits and financial arbiter. Particular areas of the protection of the consumer are amended by the results of the researches concentrated on financial literacy of consumers, evaluation of the possible impacts on the consumer and banking institution and moreover there is outlined possible development in the stated area.