Current literature focusing on those exposed to disaster includes calls for more studies with populations who have regular exposure to extreme weather events. The current study reported on a secondary data analysis with a sample of 240 heterosexual couples living in or near coastal regions in the southeast US, who were at risk of experiencing disaster events during the 2019 hurricane season (June-December). An actor-partner interdependence model was fit to the dyadic data via path analysis to test the mediating effect of grit on the relationship dyadic coping (mental health and attachment behaviors) and disaster-related losses, accounting for trauma history. Negative, indirect actor effects suggested women's trauma history is associated with their own attachment behaviors, through lower levels of grit. Direct effects were also found, women's higher levels of trauma history were associated with lower levels of grit for themselves and their husbands. Lastly, male and female partner's higher grit levels were associated with lower levels of male's mental health outcomes (e.g., post-traumatic stress symptoms). Clinical implications were provided for how couple and marriage therapists can best serve couples facing trauma history and disaster-related loss.

In order to obtain a closer look into the psychosocial impact of chronic conditions, symptom severity, loss of resources, and demoralization were investigated through a mediation analysis. The function and implication of social support was also explored within the circumstances of chronic conditions. Lastly, symptom chronicity was probed as an influential element in the understanding of the consequences of being chronically ill. Participants were 200 men and women, with a mean age of 46 years, and the dataset came from the VOICE (Verification of Illness and Coping Experience) survey. The concepts of Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and Demoralization Syndrome were utilized to portray the underlying processes experienced by individuals with chronic condition. Analyses between symptom severity and demoralization via loss of resources as the mediator were statistically significant. Symptom chronicity did not interact with symptom severity on predicting loss of resources, but analyses showed that individuals with less symptom chronicity reported both larger loss of resources and demoralization. Social support was confirmed as a moderator, buffering the effects of symptom severity on loss of resources. Exploratory analyses with the inclusion of both symptom severity and chronicity as the predictor variable and the use of age as a moderating factor at the prediction of loss of resources was statistically significant, showing that when symptoms were more severe and chronic, younger participants experienced more losses than older participants. Additionally, when age was included as a moderator of the effect of symptom chronicity and severity on the prediction of social support, it was indicated that when symptoms were less chronic and severe, the average perception of social support was higher among younger participants, but, on the other hand, when symptoms were more chronic and severe, younger participants suffered an abysmal drop in their social support perception. In light of the aforementioned results, risk, protective, and developmental aspects are discussed, along with implications for health care providers.

Stress, burnout, mal-être, bien-être, conditions de travail, Risques Psycho Sociaux (RPS), la santé au travail recouvre une multitude de notions. Nous avons choisi dans le cadre de ce travail d’envisager la santé à travers le prisme des ressources et de mobiliser la théorie de la conservation des ressources (COR) de Hobfoll (1989, 1998, 2001). Ses apports majeurs sont d’envisager la santé non plus seulement dans sa dimension pathogénique mais également dans une perspective salutogénique (Abord de Chatillon, 2005 ; Neveu, 2007, 2012 ; Richard, 2012) et d’aborder le phénomène en tant que processus tenant compte à la fois de ses aspects internes et externes. L’enjeu du présent travail est d’analyser plus finement le processus à l’œuvre, à la fois de maintien et de dégradation de la santé au travail dans le contexte spécifique des fonctions publiques territoriale et hospitalière. Depuis plusieurs décennies, ce secteur subit des transformations avec notamment la mise en œuvre d’une démarche de Nouveau Management Public (NMP) et la volonté d’appliquer des modes de gestion privés au public. Cette rationalisation bien que nécessaire économiquement a pour conséquence une intensification du travail qui affectent l’organisation du travail et la santé des agents. Ainsi notre étude qualitative à travers les trois articles qui la constituent défend la thèse suivante : la santé au travail est un processus dynamique auquel concourent l’individu, le collectif et l’organisation qui s’exprime à travers la relation aux ressources. Notre thèse contribue ainsi à identifier de nouvelles ressources organisationnelles, mettre en évidence le mécanisme de sollicitation des ressources et la capacité proactive et résiliente des individus, expliciter le processus de spirale, et confirmer le lien peu exploré entre Nouveau Management Public et stress au travail. / Stress, burnout, well-being, work conditions, psychosocial risks, occupational health covers multiple notions. We choose to consider health according to the conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 1998, 2001). Its major contributions consist firstly in considering health not only from a pathogenic aspect but also from a salutogenic one (Abord de Chatillon, 2005 ; Neveu, 2007, 2012 ; Richard, 2012). Secondly, it proposes to study health as a whole process including its internal and external aspects. The issue of this study is to analyse both the process of maintenance and decline of occupational health in the specific public context. For several decades, this sector has been undergoing major transformations with New Public Management reforms. Although economically necessary this rationalization results in work intensification which influence work organization and health of public agents. Thus, our qualitative study through the three articles considers that occupational health is a dynamic process (in which individuals, collective and organization participate) expressed through the relationship to resources. Our thesis offers several contributions to help identify new organizational resources, to highlight the process of resource mobilization and the proactive capacity, to explicit the spiral process and to confirm the link, not sufficiently explored, between the NPM and job stress.

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