Le trouble panique avec agoraphobie (TPA) touche près de 2 pour cent de la population annuellement. Plusieurs facteurs de risque sont répertoriés et parmi eux nous trouvons les stresseurs interpersonnels et particulièrement les problèmes conjugaux. Les traitements psychologiques et pharmacologiques ne sont pas toujours efficaces. Vingt-cinq pourcent des individus souffrant de trouble panique avec agoraphobie ne répondent pas aux antidépresseurs et 26 à 40 pour cent ne s'améliorent pas significativement suite à une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale. Dans l'objectif de mieux comprendre les facteurs conjugaux qui peuvent influencer l'évolution de ce trouble, la présente thèse explore les liens entre d'une part les patrons d'interaction conjugale observables dans une situation de résolution de problème et d'autre part la sévérité du TPA avant le traitement et la réponse au traitement psychologique. Les résultats des analyses tirées de l'observation de 65 couples dont l'un des conjoints est atteint de TPA, indiquent que la présence de patrons d'interaction négatifs, avant toute intervention psychothérapique, est liée à une symptomatologie plus sévère et qu'elle prédit une plus faible réponse au traitement psychologique. La présence de patrons d'interaction positifs est liée à une symptomatologie moins sévère, mais n'a pu prédire la réponse au traitement. Par ailleurs, on observe que l'amélioration de la symptomatologie après le traitement est liée à une détérioration des patrons d'interaction du conjoint sans TPA. Les résultats sont discutés dans les deux articles qui forment cette thèse. Un modèle théorique global de compréhension des patrons de comportements pathogènes et dyadiques des couples dont l'un des conjoints souffre de TPA est proposé au dernier chapitre du présent ouvrage. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Trouble panique, Agoraphobie, Relations conjugales, Relations interpersonnelles, Couples, Observations comportementales, Expression des émotions, Thérapie cognitive et comportementale, Entraînement à la communication et à la résolution de problèmes.

Turtas, įgytas po santuokos sudarymo, yra bendroji jungtinė sutuoktinių nuosavybė, išskyrus asmenine nuosavybe esantį sutuoktinių turtą. Preziumuojama, kad sutuoktinių bendro turto dalys yra lygios, nepriklausomai nuo to, kurio sutuoktinio ar jų abiejų vardu turtas įgytas. Ši nuostata kyla iš sutuoktinių lygiateisiškumo principo, o tai reiškia, kad nei vienam iš sutuoktinių nėra suteikiama daugiau teisių į bendrą turtą nei turi kitas sutuoktinis. Sutuoktiniai turi teisę sudaryti vedybų sutartį ir bendru susitarimu nustatyti, koks teisinis režimas bus taikomas jų iki santuokos turėtam bei santuokos metu įgytam turtui. Išimtis – sutuoktiniai negali pakeisti šeimos turto teisinio režimo. Bendrąja jungtine sutuoktinių nuosavybe esantį turtą sutuoktiniai valdo, naudoja ir juo disponuoja bendru susitarimu. Preziumuojama, kad sandorį sudarantis sutuoktinis veikia kito sutuoktinio sutikimu, kiti sąžiningi asmenys, sudarantys sandorius su sutuoktiniais, turi teisę šio fakto netikrindami manyti, kad sandoris sudaromas abiejų sutuoktinių sutikimu. Bendrą turtą gali tvarkyti ir vienas iš sutuoktinių, tačiau jis tam turi turėti kito sutuoktinio išduotą įgaliojimą. Šeimos turtas - tai nuosavybės teise vienam arba aniems sutuoktiniams priklausanti šeimos gyvenamoji patalpa ir kilnojamieji daiktai, būtini šeimos poreikiams tenkinti. Turtui, šeimos turto teisinis režimas taikomas nuo santuokos įregistravimo momento. Disponuojant šeimos turtu keliami griežtesni reikalavimai nei disponuojant... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Possession which was acquired after the marriage is a joint possession of a married couple, except possession which is a personal ownership. We should assume, that shared pieces of married couple‘s possession are equal, despite the name of a person, whose name was used to obtain the possession. This attitude comes from equality of rights principle of a married couple which means that neither from a married couple could be given more rights to a shared possession than other have. Married couple may make a contract of marriage and with collaborative covenant determine a type of juridical treatment, which should be applied for a possession, obtained before and after the marriage. There is an exception – married couple may not change their juridical treatment for their possession. Joint possession of a married couple is controlled, used and disposed with collaborative agreement. We should assume, that a spouse who is making a contract is behaving with other spouse‘s permission. Other conscientious people, who are making a contracts with a married couple, have a right to assume that a contract is being made with both of couple‘s agreement, without inspecting this fact. Shared possession may be managed with one of a married couple, however he must have another‘s authorization. Families possession – is one‘s or both‘s of married couple ownership of families living space and portable goods, essential for families needs. Juridical treatment for a family possession is applied from the... [to full text]

Iceland provides a unique opportunity to study the processes that occur along mid- ocean ridges. In 1991, thirty temporary seismic stations were installed at the Hengill volcanic complex to record high-quality digital data from local earthquakes. From these data 449 earthquakes have been located, most of them beneath the geothermal area. A local earthquake tomographic inversion was carried out to determine the three- dimensional V(_p) and V(_p) /V(_s) structure to 6 km depth, using P-wave travel times and S-P times from local earthquakes recorded in 1981 and 1991. The resulting models are smoothly varying and give a low data variance. The V(_p) model is similar to that of a previous tomographic inversion in the area, although the models differ in detail. The main high-V(_p) features of these models are interpreted as solidified intrusions, and underlie extinct volcanic centres. A low V(_p) /V(_s) body (-4%) is detected from 0 to 3 km depth that correlates with the surface expression of the geothermal field and is probably due to a combination of effects that include a slightly lower pore fluid pressure (and thus a higher steam content), and rock matrix alteration. Well-constrained moment tensors were determined for 70 local earthquakes by inverting the polarities and amplitude ratios of P and S arrivals. This method works well and is relatively insensitive to wave-speed model and attenuation variations. Most of the earthquakes are non-double-couple with explosive volumetric components. Only 17 (28%) of the earthquakes are consistent with a double-couple model. The remaining earthquakes are modelled as a combination of an opening tensile crack and a shear fault. Two geometries are considered: (1) rupture on two separate fault planes aligned at 45º, and (2) opening-shear rupture on a single fault plane, which is equivalent to coplanar tensile and shear faults. Both models can give the same moment tensors, and the data cannot distinguish between them. They give a good fit to the data, with few polarity misfits for most of the earthquakes. Right-lateral opening-shear strike-slip faulting on near-vertical planes is consistent with the regional seismicity of the South Iceland Seismic Zone. The non-double-couple earthquakes may result from the regional stress regime interacting with the geothermal field.

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references.

La transition vers la parentalité est une période importante du développement de la personne et de la famille. Devenir parent est un projet à long-terme qui engage la reconstruction des rôles psychologiques et sociaux. Plusieurs éléments sont censés influencer la façon dont les parents intègrent cette nouvelle réalité et s’adaptent au contexte psychosocial de la parentalité. Ainsi, il est important de comprendre les mécanismes selon lesquels les facteurs individuels et dyadiques contribuent à l'adaptation psychologique des couples ainsi que d’évaluer les conditions qui peuvent représenter un risque lors de cette transition développementale. Le diagnostic d’une pathologie fœtale pendant la grossesse est une situation singulière dans le contexte de la parentalité, elle a jusqu’à présent reçu peu d’attention. Le stress inhérent à cette situation très exigeante, voire traumatogène pendant la période périnatale, augmente le risque de difficultés émotionnelles et relationnelles et peut sérieusement troubler le développement et le fonctionnement des systèmes familiaux.Dans l’objectif d’étudier les processus d’adaptation psychologique des couples à la parentalité, notamment suite à un diagnostic prénatal d’une pathologie, nous nous sommes dans un premier temps intéressées à l’évolution psychologique « normale » de la grossesse et de la période postnatale. Dans un deuxième temps, axées sur le même protocole de recherche, nous avons traité le parcours d’adaptation psychologique des couples ayant reçu le diagnostic d’une pathologie chez le bébé dès l’annonce et jusqu’à douze mois après l’accouchement.Ce travail devrait permettre une meilleure connaissance des facteurs de risque et de protection de l’adaptation psychologique des parents et de la famille pendant la transition vers la parentalité et suite au diagnostic prénatal d’une pathologie fœtale. Au niveau clinique, cette étude permettra d’accroître les connaissances relatives aux aspects du fonctionnement du couple auxquels les soignants doivent être attentifs pendant la transition vers la parentalité et, en particulier, suite au diagnostic d’une pathologie fœtale afin de promouvoir l’adaptation psychologique du couple. / Transition to parenthood is an important period for personal and familial development. To become a parent is a long term project that implies the reconstruction of psychological and social roles by both parents.Different elements may influence the way parents assimilate this reality and adjust to the psychosocial context of parenthood. Hence, it is important to understand the process by which individual and dyadic factors contribute to the couples’ psychological adjustment to transition to parenthood and to evaluate the conditions that may be risk factors altering this developmental transition.The antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly is a very specific situation in the context of parenthood that received little attention. The stress associated to this demanding, even traumatic, situation increases the risk of emotional and relational problems and may jeopardise the development and functioning of the family system.In order to study the process of psychological adaptation of couples to parenthood, specifically after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly, we first evaluated the “normal” psychological evolution during pregnancy and postnatal period. Afterwards, using the same research protocol, we studied the process of psychological adaptation of couples who received the diagnosis of a fetal anomaly from pregnancy to one year after childbirth.This work may allow better understanding of the risk and protection factors for the psychological adjustment of parents during the transition to parenthood and after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly. From a clinical and preventive perspective, this study may allow to increase knowledge on the elements perinatal healthcare professionals must take into account during the transition to parenthood and after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly in order to promote psychological adjustment of the couple system.

This thesis investigates the relevance of individualisation theory in the attitudes of 18 to 30 year olds living in Britain. It tests four theories of couple relationships that can be located in this debate; two prominent theories of individualisation (Beck and Beck-Gernsheim, 1995; Giddens, 1992), a theory of social exchange (Rusbult, 1980) and a socio-cultural theory of romantic love (Giddens, 1992; Jackson 1993; Burkitt 1997). In considering how these four theories might be relevant to the attitudes of 18 to 30 year olds two different ways are explored. The first is concerned with how the theories might be relevant to the attitudes of 18 to 30 year olds as a social group in terms of which theory seems most reflective of the attitudes of this population as a whole. The second is concerned with how the theories might be relevant as psychological types, to explore whether different types of attitude could be identified in the 18 to 30 age group and whether the models in any way map onto these types. The study also explores how attitudes towards relationships might differ between different demographic and socio-economic groups in the 18 to 30 population. The research design has four elements; the first involves exploratory interviews with six relationship counsellors, the second involves the analysis of data from the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (1990, 2000), the third involves the creation and validation of a self-completion attitude instrument, the fourth involves the analysis of the primary data collected via this instrument from a representative sample of 18 to 30 year olds living in Britain. One of the main statistical techniques used in analysing the survey data (both Natsal 1990, 2000 and the primary data) is cluster analysis. This is used to identify groups who have similar attitudes to one another and therefore investigate whether one can distinguish between different attitude types. The key findings of this research indicate that, in the attitudes of this age group at least, traditional values and desires pervade. While there have been some shifts that indicate a loosening of traditional values and desires, on the whole young adults seem to desire traditional relationship forms, namely monogamous live-in partnerships, and value qualities consistent with them, namely fidelity and longevity. Further, this research shows evidence for both a theory of romantic love and individualisation theory as attitude types. Finally, it shows that measures of age, sex, religiosity, ethnicity, country of origin, class and education are all associated with attitudes towards relationships.

This project deals with design of universal system for temperature stabilization using a Peltier device, controlled by microcontroller. The result of this work is an autonomous equipment with automatic tuning of regulation constants, calculation of temperature stabilization limits, possibility of setting required modes and with interface for connection to PC. The regulator stabilise temperature with an accuracy of 0,1 °C within the range of temperature from 0 to 60 °C.

Few therapists test their assumptions about how they do therapy against what they actually do. The purpose of this study was to test how well integration is practiced within the proposed theoretical framework of one therapist. Qualitative and quantitative data were designed to answer four research questions: fidelity to the integrated model, client change, how working with the integrated model influenced ongoing sessions or cases, and change in the integrated model through the course of the study. Three couples were used as the sample; 17 sessions were coded and analyzed to answer the research questions. Results indicate that the therapist maintained fidelity to the integrated model that resulted in positive change for each couple. Using the integrated model was found to influence ongoing sessions and cases in a number of ways that also resulted in changes of the integrated model. Other findings, limitations, and clinical implications are discussed.

Couple therapy research demands a shift in focus from quantitative to qualitative studies that explore therapist behaviours such as the role of the therapist due to the significant gap between research and practice, where research is often irrelevant and inaccessible to clinicians, and errors in practice are repeated and perpetuated as a result of lack of insight into therapeutic functions. Research on couple therapies also lacks focus on recent modalities such as Imago Relationship Therapy (IRT), a formative and recent modality of couple therapy in South Africa and internationally that requires empirical research and evaluation. Studies addressing therapist qualities and skills necessary in dealing with diverse populations such as South Africa are also lacking. The subjective experiences and perceptions of eight Imago relationship therapists practicing in a South African context were thus explored and described within a qualitative paradigm to provide an in-depth account of their role. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to explore their role, and responses recorded and analysed using thematic content analysis. Findings highlighted underlying complexities of this role as a result of evident contradiction, irony, and paradox within participants’ experience. Firstly, the core function of establishing safe connection for the couple proved ironically ‘unconnecting’ and theory-driven in nature, which also provides a sense of safety and reduced responsibility for the therapist. The role of the Imago therapist was also indicated to be a part of participants’ identity and life philosophy. The second theme highlighted the inherently paradoxical nature of the role because perceptions of a ‘non-expert’ and ‘background’ role in fact requires active and expert therapeutic functions as they remain acutely connected to the couple’s process. Thirdly, the intuitive nature of this role was reiterated as participants’ experienced both favourable and limiting therapeutic encounters in a positive and congruent way, which has implications for increased therapeutic growth. Finally, although participants’ experience of their role in South Africa highlighted IRT’s underlying theoretical orientation of universal connection, they did not seem aware of this underlying theory as informing practice. This raises questions about implications on their role given the importance of theory in influencing the way the therapist thinks about the client. Findings generally contribute to narrowing the research-practice gap providing insight into the practice of Imago therapy, which may in turn add to richness of theory.

Women who use hormonal contraceptives have been shown to report more intense affective responses to partner infidelity than women with a natural cycle. Also, previous research suggests that female jealousy is sensitive to hormonal changes when naturally cycling, with a peak around ovulation, while women using hormonal contraceptives are less sensitive. This research is aimed at exploring women`s perception of couple conflicts in line with predictions derived from evolutionary theory. A factor analysis yielded four dimensions within 19 couple conflicts that were related to jealousy, emotional support, time and effort, and commitment. We tested the hypotheses that women who use hormonal contraceptives will react more strongly to jealousy-provoking scenarios and overall conflicts compared to women with a natural menstrual cycle. We also tested the hypotheses that naturally cycling women would show an increase in their emotional response to jealousy-provoking scenarios at days with high fertility risk. We expected that their emotional response to the scenarios infidelity, lack of emotional support, time and effort and lack of commitment, would increase if they perceived their partners as attractive. By using an online questionnaire, we followed women who were currently in a relationship with age ranging from 18 to 30 years weekly for 12 weeks. Results show a significant difference between women using hormonal contraceptives and naturally cycling women. Women using hormonal contraceptives responded to be more upset by scenarios indicating infidelity, than did naturally cycling women (p < .05), but not on the overall conflicts. However, some unexpected differences on the single scenarios where discovered. For the analysis concerning the fertility-effect, no significant main effect was found. However, our hypotheses were not supported (p > .001), Our results did, however, reveal a non-significant trending in the predicted direction indicating that the partner`s attractiveness interact with fertility status and affect how women respond to situations regarding Jealousy and couple conflicts.