This thesis begins with Toronto’s Spadina Avenue. Admiration for its social and cultural past and present contrasts with its seemingly inevitable future; ethnically charged sections of the avenue will succumb to real estate pressures and be lost to new market-driven development. Focusing on the section of Spadina Avenue bound by College Street to the north and Queen Street West to the south, its central location and surrounding diversity; partially deteriorating urban fabric; history of immigrants and the working class; and demographic transitions are conditions that inform the framework for the generation of a “creative milieu” as means of perpetuating the inherent spirit of Spadina Avenue. Charles Landry defines the “creative milieu” as a place – either a cluster of buildings, a part of a city, a city as a whole or region – that contains the necessary preconditions in terms of “hard” and “soft” infrastructure to generate a flow of ideas and inventions. To understand its greater context, this thesis examines the merits of the original “creative city” concept developed by Landry along with the implications of globalization and gentrification which affirms the vital role of the working class and their communities in the city. The “creative milieu” can form the genesis for the “creative city”, acting as catalytic sites where creativity and culture can be expressed, explored and nurtured. This thesis presents a catalogue of proposed typologies for Spadina Avenue that consider four characteristics of a “creative milieu” – diversity, interactivity, locality, capacity – and range in scale from small to large interventions.

This thesis begins with Toronto’s Spadina Avenue. Admiration for its social and cultural past and present contrasts with its seemingly inevitable future; ethnically charged sections of the avenue will succumb to real estate pressures and be lost to new market-driven development. Focusing on the section of Spadina Avenue bound by College Street to the north and Queen Street West to the south, its central location and surrounding diversity; partially deteriorating urban fabric; history of immigrants and the working class; and demographic transitions are conditions that inform the framework for the generation of a “creative milieu” as means of perpetuating the inherent spirit of Spadina Avenue. Charles Landry defines the “creative milieu” as a place – either a cluster of buildings, a part of a city, a city as a whole or region – that contains the necessary preconditions in terms of “hard” and “soft” infrastructure to generate a flow of ideas and inventions. To understand its greater context, this thesis examines the merits of the original “creative city” concept developed by Landry along with the implications of globalization and gentrification which affirms the vital role of the working class and their communities in the city. The “creative milieu” can form the genesis for the “creative city”, acting as catalytic sites where creativity and culture can be expressed, explored and nurtured. This thesis presents a catalogue of proposed typologies for Spadina Avenue that consider four characteristics of a “creative milieu” – diversity, interactivity, locality, capacity – and range in scale from small to large interventions.

Charles Darwin proclaimed, “It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change”. At the time, he probably did not fathom the relevance of his statement to the economy of cities. As the manufacturing sector dissipates, industrial cities strive to adapt by diversifying their local economy. This research provides a narrative of Hamilton’s industrial development and its transformation in search of a new identity. It examines the city’s economical, social and physical decay and its current urban regeneration that is based on the re-appropriation of its cultural landscape. This thesis argues that when cities focus only on the economic dimension of development, it may have an adverse influence on their inherent cultural identity which serves to undermine their ability to adapt and diversify. For Hamilton, a case in point is urban transformation of James Street North in a city that was recently subject to decades of neglect. James Street North has become the centre of a bourgeoning arts scene that is beginning to revitalize its neighbourhood. The thesis proposes the adaptive re-use of a deteriorated yet historically significant urban block within the area. The design intervention advocates an urban intensification intended to materialize a social and aesthetic identity derived from the urban agendas of Jane Jacobs, Charles Landry, and Sharon Zukin. The design synthesis proposes to establish a ‘creative milieu’ that becomes a catalyst for social cohesion, sustainable regeneration and an incubator for creativity. The design strategy consists of a hybrid building typology that is able to intensify diversity, exhibit creativity and engage dialogue among its occupants.

Charles Darwin proclaimed, “It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change”. At the time, he probably did not fathom the relevance of his statement to the economy of cities. As the manufacturing sector dissipates, industrial cities strive to adapt by diversifying their local economy. This research provides a narrative of Hamilton’s industrial development and its transformation in search of a new identity. It examines the city’s economical, social and physical decay and its current urban regeneration that is based on the re-appropriation of its cultural landscape. This thesis argues that when cities focus only on the economic dimension of development, it may have an adverse influence on their inherent cultural identity which serves to undermine their ability to adapt and diversify. For Hamilton, a case in point is urban transformation of James Street North in a city that was recently subject to decades of neglect. James Street North has become the centre of a bourgeoning arts scene that is beginning to revitalize its neighbourhood. The thesis proposes the adaptive re-use of a deteriorated yet historically significant urban block within the area. The design intervention advocates an urban intensification intended to materialize a social and aesthetic identity derived from the urban agendas of Jane Jacobs, Charles Landry, and Sharon Zukin. The design synthesis proposes to establish a ‘creative milieu’ that becomes a catalyst for social cohesion, sustainable regeneration and an incubator for creativity. The design strategy consists of a hybrid building typology that is able to intensify diversity, exhibit creativity and engage dialogue among its occupants.

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a refuncionalização do espaço urbano através dos princípios que compõem a cidade criativa, tomando como ponto de partida o 4º Distrito de Porto Alegre – RS. O surgimento de grupos ligados à economia criativa, à economia do conhecimento e à economia da experiência promove uma transformação das funções urbanas, dialogando com a preservação das formas urbanas e do patrimônio histórico cultural. O 4º Distrito, região subutilizada na zona periférica do centro da cidade desde o processo de desconcentração industrial, é escolhido por esses profissionais em função dos baixos valores de troca do solo. A área ressurge como espaço central nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano a partir da possibilidade de retomada do seu crescimento econômico. Nesse âmbito, a pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a ocorrência do processo de substituição de funções ligadas à indústria pela economia criativa, identificar qual a percepção dos grupos locais acerca da região e analisar como opera o planejamento estratégico nesse contexto Através de estudos relacionados à refuncionalização de áreas degradadas após a transição para a economia pós-fordista, e de entrevistas com empreendedores da economia criativa e moradores do 4º Distrito, se buscou compreender o caso da região como um fragmento de uma ordem mais ampla de revalorização do solo urbano nas áreas centrais. Com a ampliação de setores da economia ligados à informação e à cultura, considerados produtos centrais na primeira fase do Século XXI, promove-se a valorização de um fragmento histórico esquecido da cidade de Porto Alegre. A pesquisa aponta o pioneirismo da cidade criativa em um momento inicial do processo de refuncionalização da região. Posteriormente a essa dinâmica, o planejamento estratégico e as parcerias público-privadas se apresentam como caminhos para a revalorização do solo urbano. / This research's object of study is the re-functionalization of the urban space through the principles that make up the creative city, taking as a starting point the 4th District of Porto Alegre - RS. The emergence of groups linked to creative economy, knowledge economy and experience economy promotes a transformation of the urban functions, dialoguing with the preservation of urban forms and cultural-historical heritage. The 4th District, underutilized region in the peripheral zone of the city center since the process of industrial deconcentration, is chosen by these professionals due to the low soil exchange values. The area reappears as a central space in the discussions about urban planning based on the possibility of resuming its economic growth. In this scope, the research aims to understand the occurrence of the process of substitution of functions linked to the industry by creative economy, to identify the perception of local groups about the region and to analyze how the strategic planning operates in this context. Through studies related to the re-functionalization of degraded areas after the transition to post-Fordist economy, and through interviews with entrepreneurs of the creative economy and residents of the 4th District, an attempt was made to understand this case as a fragment of a broader revaluation order of urban land in central areas. With the expansion of sectors of the economy linked to information and culture, considered to be central products in the first phase of the XXI Century, it is promoted the valuation of a forgotten historical fragment of the city of Porto Alegre. The research points to the pioneering of the creative city in an initial moment of the process of re-functionalization of the region. Subsequent to this dynamic, strategic planning and public-private partnerships are presented as ways to revalue urban land.

To figure out the strengths of city growth is always the central issue of the regional economy development scholars. Cities are the centers of the civilization. With the rapid changes of modern time and industries, creativity has already become one of the strongest driving forces behind economic growth. To creat creative city not only to attract the talents to the city but also to resolve the city problems. So the concept of creative city is the urban planning paragon. The thesis is established on the theory of globalization, world city, creative city, creative industries theories. It¡¦s mainly based on creative theory, uses the Delphi Method and tries to establish the supporting dimensions of creative city that suits to Taiwan area.

163f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-05-08T17:34:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Cesar Franca.pdf: 911842 bytes, checksum: 5be566b9f2b3ca79106c35e5662523d2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-05-08T19:26:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Cesar Franca.pdf: 911842 bytes, checksum: 5be566b9f2b3ca79106c35e5662523d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-08T19:26:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Cesar Franca.pdf: 911842 bytes, checksum: 5be566b9f2b3ca79106c35e5662523d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Esta pesquisa apresenta informações sobre as indústrias criativas, um conjunto de atividades econômicas relacionadas com o segmento cultural, que evidenciam a crescente imbricação entre a esfera da economia e da cultura. A investigação se concentra na identificação das principais características dos ocupados em indústrias criativas na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS), no sentido de se formatar um perfil dos mesmos e compará-los com os demais ocupados em atividades econômicas na região. No primeiro momento, realiza-se uma revisão da literatura que trata da relação entre cultura e economia. Apresentando o processo de submissão da cultura à lógica mercantil no início do século XX, e a incorporação de insumos intangíveis, inclusive culturais, no processo produtivo, vale dizer, nas mercadorias carregadas de atributos simbólicos. Entre esses insumos, destaca-se a criatividade. O termo indústrias criativas surge no final dos anos 1990, concebido como instrumento de políticas públicas voltadas à promoção do desenvolvimento econômico regional, articulado com a economia global. Do conceito indústrias “criativas” se desenvolve a idéia de cidades criativas, que designa a aplicação de políticas dessa natureza à regeneração de antigas cidades vítimas do processo de desindustrialização. Neste contexto, ganha centralidade a controversa teoria da classe criativa, que vincula o desenvolvimento regional à presença de um grupo de profissionais do setor de serviços intensivos em conhecimento. Esses seriam atraídos para locais que desenvolvessem os 3T´s - talento, tecnologia e tolerância. Nessa dissertação, buscase, através de uma ótica multidisplinar, identificar, a partir de fontes de dados secundários disponíveis, quem são e como se caracterizam os trabalhadores do segmento criativo da RMS, região que se destaca no contexto cultural do país. / Salvador

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a refuncionalização do espaço urbano através dos princípios que compõem a cidade criativa, tomando como ponto de partida o 4º Distrito de Porto Alegre – RS. O surgimento de grupos ligados à economia criativa, à economia do conhecimento e à economia da experiência promove uma transformação das funções urbanas, dialogando com a preservação das formas urbanas e do patrimônio histórico cultural. O 4º Distrito, região subutilizada na zona periférica do centro da cidade desde o processo de desconcentração industrial, é escolhido por esses profissionais em função dos baixos valores de troca do solo. A área ressurge como espaço central nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano a partir da possibilidade de retomada do seu crescimento econômico. Nesse âmbito, a pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a ocorrência do processo de substituição de funções ligadas à indústria pela economia criativa, identificar qual a percepção dos grupos locais acerca da região e analisar como opera o planejamento estratégico nesse contexto Através de estudos relacionados à refuncionalização de áreas degradadas após a transição para a economia pós-fordista, e de entrevistas com empreendedores da economia criativa e moradores do 4º Distrito, se buscou compreender o caso da região como um fragmento de uma ordem mais ampla de revalorização do solo urbano nas áreas centrais. Com a ampliação de setores da economia ligados à informação e à cultura, considerados produtos centrais na primeira fase do Século XXI, promove-se a valorização de um fragmento histórico esquecido da cidade de Porto Alegre. A pesquisa aponta o pioneirismo da cidade criativa em um momento inicial do processo de refuncionalização da região. Posteriormente a essa dinâmica, o planejamento estratégico e as parcerias público-privadas se apresentam como caminhos para a revalorização do solo urbano. / This research's object of study is the re-functionalization of the urban space through the principles that make up the creative city, taking as a starting point the 4th District of Porto Alegre - RS. The emergence of groups linked to creative economy, knowledge economy and experience economy promotes a transformation of the urban functions, dialoguing with the preservation of urban forms and cultural-historical heritage. The 4th District, underutilized region in the peripheral zone of the city center since the process of industrial deconcentration, is chosen by these professionals due to the low soil exchange values. The area reappears as a central space in the discussions about urban planning based on the possibility of resuming its economic growth. In this scope, the research aims to understand the occurrence of the process of substitution of functions linked to the industry by creative economy, to identify the perception of local groups about the region and to analyze how the strategic planning operates in this context. Through studies related to the re-functionalization of degraded areas after the transition to post-Fordist economy, and through interviews with entrepreneurs of the creative economy and residents of the 4th District, an attempt was made to understand this case as a fragment of a broader revaluation order of urban land in central areas. With the expansion of sectors of the economy linked to information and culture, considered to be central products in the first phase of the XXI Century, it is promoted the valuation of a forgotten historical fragment of the city of Porto Alegre. The research points to the pioneering of the creative city in an initial moment of the process of re-functionalization of the region. Subsequent to this dynamic, strategic planning and public-private partnerships are presented as ways to revalue urban land.

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a refuncionalização do espaço urbano através dos princípios que compõem a cidade criativa, tomando como ponto de partida o 4º Distrito de Porto Alegre – RS. O surgimento de grupos ligados à economia criativa, à economia do conhecimento e à economia da experiência promove uma transformação das funções urbanas, dialogando com a preservação das formas urbanas e do patrimônio histórico cultural. O 4º Distrito, região subutilizada na zona periférica do centro da cidade desde o processo de desconcentração industrial, é escolhido por esses profissionais em função dos baixos valores de troca do solo. A área ressurge como espaço central nas discussões sobre planejamento urbano a partir da possibilidade de retomada do seu crescimento econômico. Nesse âmbito, a pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender a ocorrência do processo de substituição de funções ligadas à indústria pela economia criativa, identificar qual a percepção dos grupos locais acerca da região e analisar como opera o planejamento estratégico nesse contexto Através de estudos relacionados à refuncionalização de áreas degradadas após a transição para a economia pós-fordista, e de entrevistas com empreendedores da economia criativa e moradores do 4º Distrito, se buscou compreender o caso da região como um fragmento de uma ordem mais ampla de revalorização do solo urbano nas áreas centrais. Com a ampliação de setores da economia ligados à informação e à cultura, considerados produtos centrais na primeira fase do Século XXI, promove-se a valorização de um fragmento histórico esquecido da cidade de Porto Alegre. A pesquisa aponta o pioneirismo da cidade criativa em um momento inicial do processo de refuncionalização da região. Posteriormente a essa dinâmica, o planejamento estratégico e as parcerias público-privadas se apresentam como caminhos para a revalorização do solo urbano. / This research's object of study is the re-functionalization of the urban space through the principles that make up the creative city, taking as a starting point the 4th District of Porto Alegre - RS. The emergence of groups linked to creative economy, knowledge economy and experience economy promotes a transformation of the urban functions, dialoguing with the preservation of urban forms and cultural-historical heritage. The 4th District, underutilized region in the peripheral zone of the city center since the process of industrial deconcentration, is chosen by these professionals due to the low soil exchange values. The area reappears as a central space in the discussions about urban planning based on the possibility of resuming its economic growth. In this scope, the research aims to understand the occurrence of the process of substitution of functions linked to the industry by creative economy, to identify the perception of local groups about the region and to analyze how the strategic planning operates in this context. Through studies related to the re-functionalization of degraded areas after the transition to post-Fordist economy, and through interviews with entrepreneurs of the creative economy and residents of the 4th District, an attempt was made to understand this case as a fragment of a broader revaluation order of urban land in central areas. With the expansion of sectors of the economy linked to information and culture, considered to be central products in the first phase of the XXI Century, it is promoted the valuation of a forgotten historical fragment of the city of Porto Alegre. The research points to the pioneering of the creative city in an initial moment of the process of re-functionalization of the region. Subsequent to this dynamic, strategic planning and public-private partnerships are presented as ways to revalue urban land.

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