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Analýza genu beta-kasein u plemen jersey a brown swiss v České republiceTomanová, Markéta January 2017 (has links)
The quality of milk in cattle is influenced by many genes. One of them is gene CSN2. The aim of this diploma thesis was to test animal population of about 240 individuals of Jersey and Brown Swiss breed in Czech Republic. DNA was isolated from blood. Genotypes were determined by sequencing followed by determining genotypes and alleles frequencies. The association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism with milk yield parameters was performed by using SAS program. The selected parameters were lactation days, milk yield (kg), fat content in milk (% and kg) and protein content (% and kg). These parameters were available for 126 animals. Statistically significant effect of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk production traits was not found in the studied population. Only effect of breed was found as statistically significant.
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Vliv polymorfismu kandidátního lokusu na technologické vlastnosti mlékaVAŇKOVÁ, Adéla January 2019 (has links)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to investigate the influence of milk betacasein locus (CSN2) polymorfic variants on production characteristics and milk technological qualities in Czech Simmental cattle and Holstein cattle. DNA extracted from milk of 702 cows was genotyped using PCR and RFLP methods. The genotypes A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 had the following distribution within the population studied: A1A1 in 11,40 %, A1A2 in 8,46 %, and A2A2 in 50,14 % cows. The studied milk parameters were the milk yield (kg), protein and fat percentage and protein and fat yield (kg). The statistical evaluation was made STATISTICA 12 program. We found no statisticaly significant influence of CSN2 genotype on the selected milk yields. The results might be biased by the relatively low amount of individuals studied. Research will continue within the QJ1510339 and GAJU028/2019/ Z grant.
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Polymorfismus kandidátního lokusu a jeho vliv na technologickou jakost mlékaŠVARCOVÁ, Monika January 2018 (has links)
This thesis was developed to study the influence of polymorphic variants of the milk protein locus betacasein (BCN) on the production and technological quality of the milk. The genotypes of -casein (CSN2 gene) were determined by the PCR-RFLP analysis. The determination of genotypes AA, AB and BB was made in 731 dairy cows. The results of genotype frequencies showed that genotype BB represented roughly five times more frequently than the heterozygotes AB and thirty times more frequently than AA homozygotes in the population under study. The effect of the BCN genotypes on the production and composition of milk was analyzed in 418 samples. No statistically significant effect of genotypes or alleles was found in this section. Subsequent analysis of the influence of genotypes and allele on the coagulation and the determination of titratable ability of the milk was performed on 119 samples. The results did not confirm a statistically significant effect on milk coagulation. The yogurt test showed genotypic effects. This could mean that genotype AA is associated with higher milk acidity and AB genotype with lower. However, the results could be affected by lower frequency of the population and an uneven frequency of genotypes in the population surveyed.
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Polimorfismo no gene da beta-case?na em rebanhos zebu?nos leiteiros no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte / Polymorphism of beta-casein gene in the zebu dairy cattle of Rio Grande do Norte stateLima, T?batta Cristine Chaves de 05 June 2014 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2014-06-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Diversos problemas de sa?de humana v?m sendo relacionados ao consumo de leite bovino, destacando-se entre eles aqueles relacionados a constituintes alerg?nicos, ocasionados pela rea??o imunol?gica do corpo ?s prote?nas l?cteas. Sabendo-se disto e da import?ncia do leite como fonte de prote?na de origem animal, encontrar solu??es para minimizar a ocorr?ncia de tais rea??es ? extremamente necess?rio. Estudos apontam que as ra?as zebu?nas apresentam alta frequ?ncia do alelo A2 da ?-case?na. Este alelo, em homozigose, propicia um leite menos nocivo ? sa?de humana, mostrando a import?ncia fisiol?gica de sua detec??o. Neste contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar a presen?a das variantes al?licas A1 e A2 do gene da ?-case?na, bem como avaliar as caracter?sticas produtivas em rebanhos zebu?nos leiteiros. Foram utilizados 156 animais zebu?nos leiteiros (68 da ra?a Gir e 88 da ra?a Guzer?) provenientes do rebanho da Esta??o Experimental Felipe Camar?o - EMPARN. As extra??es de DNA foram feitas a partir do fol?culo piloso dos animais. O gene foi amplificado e sequenciado em sequenciador autom?tico ABI 3100. As sequ?ncias obtidas foram submetidas ? an?lise no programa Geneious 5.6.5?. Para an?lise estat?stica utilizou-se o programa Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2002). O procedimento ANOVA foi utilizado para an?lise de vari?ncia e compara??o de m?dias pelo teste de Tukey no n?vel de 5% de signific?ncia. As frequ?ncias al?licas e genot?picas dos animais Gir e Guzer? foram, respectivamente, 98% e 97% para o alelo A2; e 0,96 e 0,93 para o gen?tipo A2A2. As m?dias das caracter?sticas produtivas do Gir e Guzer? se encontram dentro dos valores observados para as ra?as, por?m diferiram-se entre elas significativamente nos teores de prote?na, lactose e extrato seco desengordurado. Para os animais da ra?a Gir, obteve-se correla??o positiva com o teor de gordura e s?lidos totais, enquanto que para a ra?a Guzer? verificaram-se as correla??es entre as seguintes vari?veis: gordura e s?lidos totais, prote?na e s?lidos totais, e lactose e extrato seco desengordurado. Os resultados mostram a alta frequ?ncia do alelo A2 nas ra?as Gir e Guzer?, portanto, pode-se afirmar que para esta prote?na o leite das ra?as zebu?nas Gir e Guzer? na popula??o estudada e constitui indicativo de que o leite destas ra?as possa ser mais saud?vel. Este trabalho ? de grande import?ncia para a produ??o leiteira, pois s?o raras as pesquisas no pa?s desenvolvidas sobre o tema, principalmente com as ra?as zebu?nas, e sinaliza para a perspectiva de sele??o destas ra?as visando ao aumento da frequ?ncia do alelo desej?vel, despontando como uma alternativa vi?vel para a produ??o de um leite n?o alerg?nico. / Various human health problems have been related to the consumption of bovine milk, foremost among them those related to allergenic constituents, caused by the body's immune response to milk proteins. Knowing this and the importance of milk as a source of animal protein, find solutions to minimize the occurrence of such reactions is extremely necessary. Studies indicate that Zebu breeds have a high frequency of A2 allele of ?-casein. This allele, homozygous, provides a less harmful to human health milk, showing the physiological importance of their detection. In this context, this study aimed to identify the presence of allelic variants A1 and A2 of the ?-casein gene, as well as evaluate the production characteristics in dairy zebu cattle. EMPARN - 156 Zebu dairy animals (68 Gir and 88 Guzera) from the herd of the Experimental Station Felipe Shrimp were used. DNA extractions were made from animal hair follicle. The gene was amplified and sequenced in ABI 3100 automated sequencer, the sequences obtained were subjected to analysis in Geneious 5.6.5? program. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 2002) program. The ANOVA procedure was used for analysis of variance and comparison of means by Tukey test at 5% significance. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of Gir and Guzera were, respectively, 98% and 97% for the A2 allele; and 0.96 and 0.93 for genotype A2A2. The means of production characteristics of Gir and Guzera are within the values observed for the races, but it differed significantly between them in the protein, lactose, and solids nonfat. For animals Gir, obtained positive correlation with fat and total solids, while for Guzera there were correlations between the following variables: fat and total solids, protein and total solids, and lactose and total solids. The results show the high frequency of the A2 allele in Gir and Guzera, therefore, can be said that for this protein milk from zebu breeds Gir and Guzera in the population studied and is indicative of the milk of these breeds can be more healthy. This work is of great importance for dairy production because very little research carried out in the country on the topic, especially with the zebu breeds, and signals the prospect of selecting these races in order to increase the frequency of desirable allele, emerging as one viable alternative for the production of a non-allergenic milk.
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