Abstract This study focuses on the structure analysis and the dynamic response of the submerged cage net system. The research contents basically include two parts: (1) establishing a numerical model, which is able to predict the cable tension and the change rate of the cage net volume under the attack of typhoon waves; (2) implementing a hydrodynamic physical model test with model scale 1/30, which is installed in the water tank to determine the tension of mooring cable at the anchor. The comparison of the results of the numerical model and the experimental data has shown a good agreement in the cable tension, which means that the numerical model is reliable and could be used to predict any cage net system with different configurations. Based on the numerical model, 1 ¡V 6 cages net system has been calculated. The results indicate that the 6 cages net system is the worst case. For floating collar on the water surface, its maximum tension is about 14000 kg, but if the floating collar submerged under water surface 8m, the maximum tension will reduce to 10000 kg. Similarly, the minimum change rate of cage net volume may increase from 30% (floating collar on the water surface) to 50% (floating collar submerged in the water). Thus we strongly suggest that the floating collars have to be submerged during typhoon coming, not only because the reduction of mooring cable tension but also increase the fish survival space.

Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Technische Universität Berlin, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 194-196) and index.

Zugl.: Jena, Univ., Diss.

The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic motion and mooring line tension of an in-situ single-point-mooring (SPM) net cage system, and then the field tension data were utilized to validate the numerical model for cages. This prototype SPM cage system was installed at water depth about 30 m in the north of Hsiao-Liu-Chiu Island. On the mooring line, a load cell was fixed so that the environmental loading on the net cage were sensed and recorded in the data log. In addition, an ADCP was bottom mounted near the concrete anchor to measure the sea states simultaneous. All of these data were analyzed and used as input for the numerical model of cage. This numerical model was based on the lump mass method to form a set of motion equations and adopted the Runge-Kutta fourth order method to simulate the cage¡¦s dynamic motion. The results shows that the sea surface is quite calm and the current speeds are usually less than a half knot at the tested site. If waves occurred, then its direction is always around 270¢X~360¢X which means the wave direction is usually normal to the shore line. During study period, a strong typhoon TALIM attacked the site on September 1st , 2005. The maximum mooring line tension of net cage 530 kg was recorded by the data log. However, it was much smaller than the breaking strength of mooring line which means that the cage system is quite safe for this typhoon event. The developed numerical model has been validated by good agreements between the numerical results and the field tension data. One more thing worthy to mention is the final position of net cage may drift to the on-shore direction just as the same direction of the incident waves.

This thesis has traced the development of the various style trends in the music of john Cage through the study of actual music, literary description in the form of reviews and the writings of Cage, and other secondary sources. The time period covered is approximately 1933 to 1969, divided into two "periods." It was shown that the music of the first period, 1935 to 1951, contained several common attributes including interest provided by rhythmic complexity, expansion of the timbral repertoire, and form according to rhythmic structure. These attributes continued or evolved into new concepts after the development of chance in 1952, and the music of the first and second parts of the second period show a gradual move from chance to total indeterminacy in music.Causes and influences affecting Cage's development of the various style-trends are discussed in the context of the musical descriptions and are also referred to in more detail in an opening biographical chapter dealing with the events of Cage's life. / School of Music

Diss.--Düsseldorf--Univ., 2000. / Bibliogr. p. 189-201.

Diss.--Mainz--Universität, 1995. / Bibliogr. p. 301-315.

No description available.

In 1910s, composers in America such as Ives and Cowell started to explore the possibilities of traditional piano playing techniques. They intended to incorporate some extended techniques in traditional techniques. Techniques were not confined to keyboard playing but also playing inside the piano. They thought all the sounding probabilities of piano and tried their best to generate new sounds and special sounding effects. These non-traditional techniques include special playing techniques on keyboard and strings, add in human voices, tapping on piano frame and use of foreign objects into the piano. This paper emphasizes on special playing on keyboard, playing in strings of non-traditional techniques and prepared piano. Using Cowell¡¦s three piano pieces¡GThe Tides of Manaunaun, Aeolian Harp and The Banshee¡FCrumb¡¦s piano work A Little Suite for Chrismas,A.D.1979,1980 and Cage¡¦s prepared piano piece Mysterious Adventure as examples to explain the usages and practice methods of these non-traditional techniques, and the interpretation of these piano works. The first chapter indicates 20th century American composers¡¦ concepts on non-traditional techniques and their development. The second chapter confers the mechanism of non-traditional techniques and their requirements in piano playing. Non-traditional techniques include keyboard playing and string playing. Keyboard playing contains sounding clusters and silent clusters. String playing comprises plucking, glissando on strings, scrape strings, martellato, muting sounds and harmonics. The Third Chapter provides the concept of prepared piano and its usage. There will be a summary of the research in the end of the paper.

Abstract The study explores various compositional techniques in John Cage¡¦s "Sonatas and Interludes for Prepared Piano." In the music not only does the composer develop his individual styles, but also uses traditional idioms. In this composition, Cage displays different methods that are used to create a sense of indeterminacy. His use of time proportion, form and Micro-Macrocosmic Structure in the work breaks away from tradition idioms. This technique of composition reflects important characteristic in Cage¡¦s oeuvre. Thus, Cage holds the important status in the piano and in the history of Western music. The thesis consists of four chapters: Chapter one provides an overview of the American social movements in relation to the music of twentieth-century, investigating the influences on Cage¡¦s compositions. Chapter two deals with works in different stages, discussing the characteristics and related process in the works. Chapter three provides a detail analysis of "Sonatas and Interludes for Prepared Piano." Chapter four summarizes the findings of this research.