Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Este trabalho descreve a investigaÃÃo quÃmica de plantas dos gÃneros Abarema e Calliandra, ambas pertencentes à famÃlia Leguminosae. A prospecÃÃo quÃmica de Abarema cochliacarpos culminou no isolamento de 11 substÃncias, enquanto de Calliandra depauperata foram isolados 10 compostos. Dos extratos etanÃlicos das diversas partes de A. cochliacarpos (madeira do caule, casca do caule e folhas) foram isolados e caracterizados os esterÃides: espinasterol, 3-O-β-D-glicopiranosil-espinasterol e 3-O-β-D-(6â-O-dodecanoil)-glicopiranosil-espinasterol; a mistura dos triterpenos Ãcido oleanÃico e Ãcido ursÃlico; os flavonÃides catequina, taxifolina, miricetrina e 3â,4â,7,8-tetrahidroxiflavonol, alem do Ãcido gÃlico e galato de etila. O composto 3-O-β-D-(6â-O-dodecanoil)-glicopiranosil-espinasterol esta sendo registrado pela primeira vez. Do extrato etanÃlico das raÃzes de C. depauperata isolou-se os flavonÃides 5-metoxi-3â,4â,7-trihidroxiflavona; 3â,4â,7-trihidroxiflavona e 4â,6â,7-trimetoxi-3â-hidroxiflavona; os diterpenos de esqueletos cassano 7β,17-dihidroxi-12-oxo-cassan-13,15-dieno; 15,16-bisnor-7β,17-dihidroxi-12-oxo-cassan-13-eno e depauperatina, alem dos Ãsteres graxos: tetracosanodioato de bis-(2,3-dihidroxipropila); docosanodioato de bis-(2,3-dihidroxipropila); 24-hidroxi-tetracosanoato de 2,3-dihidroxipropila e 26-hidroxi-hexacosanoato de 2,3-dihidroxipropila. Os compostos 4â,6â,7-trimetoxi-3â-hidroxiflavona; 15,16-bisnor-7β,17-dihidroxi-12-oxo-cassan-13-eno e depauperatina, assim como todos os Ãsteres graxos estÃo sendo registrados na literatura pela primeira vez. A determinaÃÃo estrutural dos metabÃlitos secundÃrios isolados envolveu o uso de tÃcnicas espectromÃtricas como IV, EM e RMN 1H e 13C, incluindo tÃcnicas bidimensionais como COSY, HMQC, HMBC e NOESY, bem como comparaÃÃo com dados descritos na literatura. / This work describes the chemical investigation of plants from the genera Abarema and Calliandra both belonging to Leguminosae family. The chemical prospection of Abarema cochliacarpos resulted in the isolation of 11 substances while from Calliandra depauperata was isolated 10 compounds. From EtOH extracts of different parts of A. cochliacarpos (wood, wood bark and leaves) were isolated and characterizated of steroids: spinasterol, 3-O-β-D-glucopiranosyl-spinasterol and 3-O-β-D-(6â-O-dodecanoil)-glucopiranosyl-spinasterol), the mixture triterpenes oleanolic and ursolic acids; the flavonoids catechin, taxifolin, miricetrin and 3â,4â,7,8-tetrahydroxyflavonol, besides of galic acid and ethyl galate. Compound 3-O-β-D-(6â-O-dodecanoil)-glucopiranosyl-spinasterol) was isolated for the firs time. From roots EtOH extract of C. depauperata were isolated the flavonoids 5-methoxy-3â,4â,7-trihydroxyflavone; 3â,4â,7-trihydroxyflavone and 4â,6â,7-trimethoxy-3â-hydroxyflavone; the cassane diterpenes: 7β,17-dihydroxy-12-oxo-cassan-13,15-diene, 15,16-bisnor-7β,17-dihydroxy-12-oxo-cassan-13-ene and depauperatin, besides the fatty esters bis-(2,3-dihydroxypropil) tetracosanodioate, bis-(2,3-dihydroxypropil) docosanodioate, 24-hydroxy-tetracosanoate-2,3-dihydroxypropil and 26-hydroxy-hexacosanoate-2,3-dihydroxypropil. Compounds 4â,6â,7-trimethoxy-3â-hydroxyflavone; 15,16-bisnor-7β,17-dihydroxy-12-oxo-cassan-13-ene and depauperatin, and all fatty esters are being reported for the first time. The structural determination of all secondary metabolites isolated in this work involved spectrometric techniques such as: IR, MS and NMR including 2D (COSY, HMQC, HMBC e NOESY) experiments, as well as, comparison with published data