The goal of this study was to determine if watering and fertilizing would help maintain favorable vegetation conditions on forested recreation sites. Sunrise Campground on the Cache National Forest in northern Utah was the study site. Treatment applications of water and nitrogen- phosphorous fertilizer were made from 1964 through 1968. Covariance analysis of variables indicated that all treatments produced significantly greater amounts of ground cover vegetation than control plots. Ground cover response to treatments was greater under aspen than under coniferous overstory, and treatments under aspen produced differences in appearance of vegetation . There were no significant differences in diameter growth of overstory trees. The results showed that watering and fertilizing are effective management tools for maintaining ground cover.

Campground use in our national parks is increasing yearly, but little quantitative data are available concerning the impact this use is having on the ecology of the campground and surrounding area. This paper reports on some of the effects of campgrounds on small mammal populations in Canyonlands and Arches National Parks, Utah. Data collection consisted of live-trapping from April to November, 1975 (12,337 trap-nights). The populations of Ordls kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii), antelope ground squirrels (Ammospermophilus leucurus), deer mice (Peromyscus spp.), woodrats (Neotoma spp.), Colorado chipmunks (Eutamias guadrivittatus), and desert cottontails (Sylvilagus audubonii) inhabiting campgrounds were compared with non-campground control areas. Squaw Flat campground in Canyonlands National Park contained significantly higher populations of woodrats and Colorado chipmunks than the control. Devills Garden campground in Arches National Park exhibited significantly higher populations of deer mice, but a lower population of woodrats than the control. No significant difference was found between campgrounds and control areas for all other species. Occurrence of species in the campground and control areas was identical.

What is Wilderness? Examining wilderness sites throughout the city of Winnipeg, this practicum explores how the narratives and stories of a place affects the recognition of a landscape in relation to wilderness identity. As definitions struggle to define the reality of the wilderness condition, it becomes clear that wilderness is not one type of landscape but a series of wilderness types. Theory is used to establish these types while delving into the identity of wilderness and its relationship to landscape architecture. These wilderness types are then analyzed through case study examples taken from various landscapes throughout the city of Winnipeg. To further explore the relationship of wilderness identity and landscape architecture, the practicum results in the application of wilderness theory to the design of four campground sites within the area of Point Douglas. Each site was chosen for its wilderness characteristics which were then highlighted through design. / October 2016

The thesis is divided into two parts. The goal of the ecological part is to test the area from the environmental protection point of view based on the ecological audit in the selected location.The second part of thesis focuses on the social characteristics of this tourist-attractive area.

The subject of this diploma thesis is new building of leisure center, with two storeys and partial basement, near town Proseč (cadastral area Paseky u Proseče). There is catering and sanitary facilities downstairs and accomodation facility upstairs. In basement, there is storeroom for camping equipment. Next to the building is a plot of land used as a campground. The construction is largely designed as a diffusely open timber - cross-laminated timber walls, ceilings and roof, with thermal insulation. Underground part is made of concrete-filled blocks, with ceilings from pre-tensioned panels. The building is covered with a sadle roof with a sheet metal roofing. AutoCAD software was used to draw the drawing documentation.

The effect of trampling on vegetation and soil, as a result of recreational pressure, was studied in the Buffalo campground of the Targhee National Forest, Idaho. Site deterioration was most evident in the forty-two year old site. The tree stand had matured, but there were few young trees and tree reproduction had been reduced to ten seedlings per acre for Pinus contorta. Only two shrub species were sampled with a combined population of eight individuals per acre. Most of the grass species had been seeded; forbs provided 20% of the ground cover, 13% was bare ground and 71% litter. The soil had become compacted, and a hard-pan had formed. Similar deterioration was found in the six-year old site, but to a lesser degree. The year-old site was most similar to the control area, but site deterioration had occurred. It is difficult to reverse or halt site deterioration and still maintain the area as a public facility. Seeding and rest-rotation could improve the oldest site; younger sites could be maintained by restrotation, to allow existing vegetation to re-stock the depleted areas.

Park and resource management agencies are looking for less costly ways to undertake park visitor surveys. The use of the Internet is often suggested as a way to reduce the costs of these surveys. By itself, however, the use of the Internet for park visitor surveys faces a number of methodological challenges that include the potential for coverage error, sampling difficulties and nonresponse error. A potential way of addressing these challenges is the use of a mixed-mode approach that combines the use of the Internet with another survey mode. The procedures for such a mixed-mode approach, however, have not been fully developed and evaluated. This study develops and evaluates a new mixed-mode approach –a face-to-face/web response – for a provincial park camper survey in British Columbia. The five key steps of this approach are: (a) selecting a random sample of occupied campsites; (b) undertaking a short interview with potential respondents; (c) obtaining an email address at the end of the interview; (d) distributing a postcard to potential respondents that contains the website and an individual access code; and (e) undertaking email follow-ups with nonrespondents. In evaluating this new approach, two experiments were conducted during the summer of 2010. The first experiment was conducted at Goldstream Provincial Park campground and was designed to compare a face-to-face/paper response to face-to-face/web response for several sources of survey errors and costs. The second experiment was conducted at 12 provincial park campgrounds throughout British Columbia and was designed to examine the potential for coverage error and the effect of a number of email follow-ups on return rates, nonresponse error and the substantive results. Taken together, these experiments indicate: a low potential for coverage error (i.e., 4% non-use Internet rate); a high email collection rate for follow-ups (i.e., 99% at Goldstream; a combined rate of 88% for 12 campgrounds); similar return rates between a paper mode (60%) and a web (59%) mode; the use of two email follow-ups reduced nonresponse error for a key variable (i.e., geographic location of residence), but not for all variables; low item nonresponse for both mixed-modes (about 1%); very few differences in the substantive results between each follow-up; a 9% cost saving for the web mode. This study suggests that a face-to face/web approach can provide a viable approach for undertaking park visitor surveys if there is high Internet coverage among park visitors. / Graduate / 0366 / 0344 / 0814 / brdyckfam@yahoo.com