One of the goals for an enterprise is to increase the operation performance. However, there are several factors may affect the operation performance. According to the reviews, we found that many researches are discussing the impact of capital investment and ownership structure on the operation performance under different industries. Iron and steel are the mother of industry and also the essential raw materials for production. The development of Taiwan¡¦s iron and steel industry has expanded overseas to enhance the competitive ability and operation performance. Therefore, this research focus on Taiwan¡¦s iron and steel companies which are already listed in the stock exchange and over-the-counter markets and we use regression to analyze the relationship between capital investment, ownership structure and operation performance of those companies. The ownership structure plays a role of interference factor to test the relation between capital investment and operation performance. According to the result, we found that the relation between shares of directors and supervisors and operation performance is positive. Also the effect of the capital investment on operation performance is remarkable when take the ownership structure into consideration. This result not only shows the different between iron and steel industry and other industries but also gives practical suggestions for company managers and investors. Before investment, both enterprise and investors could estimate the operation performance of a company base on two factors, the capital investment and shares of directors and supervisors.

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The purpose of this study was to develop a probabilistic model that could be used by petroleum refiners to evaluate the economic potential of refinery capital investment proposals. The following two requirements were placed on the development at the outset: (1) that the model use linear programming to simulate refinery operations; and (2) that the model keep computer time within reasonable bounds. A probabilistic model was developed that requires the following steps for its application: (1) use linear programming to simulate both the operations of the existing refinery and the operations assuming that the investment is made; (2) select two variables that can be treated as probabilistic variables and assign either a theoretical or a subjective probability distribution to represent future values for the two variables; (3) develop return on investment interpolation data by computing a return on investment for all pair combinations of three tenth year values for each of the two probabilistic variables; (4) develop a return on investment distribution by selecting values at random from the two probability distributions and interpolating among the interpolation data to obtain return on investment data; (5) interpret the return on investment distribution. The model was applied to an actual refining situation that involved determining the expected internal rate of return of a proposed hydrocracker addition to a United States refinery. Total computer time required to evaluate the hydrocracker proposal was about 159 minutes. Accuracy of the interpolation feature of the model was also determined during the application. The average error of ten interpolated return figures that were selected at random for the accuracy check was 1.89 per cent.

In this thesis, a model of producer behavior for a regulated utility that fully takes into account the dynamic nature of the capital accumulation process of the firm is developed and empirically implemented using recent data on Bell Canada. On the basis of this model of producer behavior, loss formulae that approximate the value of foregone output due to imperfect regulation in a dynamic context are derived and estimates of the deadweight loss in the case of Bell are provided. The estimation results indicate the importance of dynamic elements, such as expectations and adjustment costs of investment, in modeling the behavior of Bell. They also suggest that rate of return regulation may have affected the investment decisions of the utility. / Arts, Faculty of / Vancouver School of Economics / Graduate

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / This dissertation is a qualitative and quantitative research effort aiming to establish the meaning of, and the form(s) that human capital and human capital investment, traditionally business-oriented concepts, take in an institution of higher education. The literature review provides an extensive background of human capital and human capital investment theory and theorists. It presents a case study completed at a small college combining interviews, survey administration, and analysis to formulate hypotheses about the nature of human capital investment in institutions of higher learning. The interviews provided rich data through specific examples of how employees at the college defined human capital investment. Analysis of the interviews resulted in the formation of six human capital dimensions, one dimension unique to higher education institutions. A preliminary human capital investment survey was created and quantitative measures were able to discriminate one interpretable factor, similar to one dimension created from the interviews. The factor encompassed items that were related to the moral involvement (Etzioni, 1961) of the employees. This lead the researcher to believe that human capital investment in this higher education institution is different than in corporations. Further research is encouraged to validate this hypothesis and to continue to promote discussions about human capital investment in institutions of higher education.

A computerised cost estimating system, which can be used for making preliminary estimates of fixed capital investment of process plants, has been developed. The contituents of the system are (1) a cost calculating routine, COSMOD, compatible with existing modular executive programs, such as GEMCS, (2) an equipment data base, and (3) an equipment catalogue. The following are the significant characteristics of the cost estimating system.It has flexibility. It can be used as an independent cost estimating system, or as part of a modular executive-aided computer program. As part of an executive aided system, it may be used as a subroutine to a 'module* or 'unit computation', or as a 'module' or 'unit computation' itself. It will estimate the cost of one or more equipment but is capable of accepting costs generated external to itself. It requires relatively little computer space and time. The COSMOD program is concise and efficient. Its common block requirements in executive-aided systems is small. It adds little to the cost or time of running equipment design cases on the computer. It has access to a large quantity of data on equipment costs. Its data base contains cost information on nearly 300 different types of equipment, ensuring satisfactory fulfilment of its varying and often complex data requirements. The data are organised in a multiple record, random access file. This allows direct access to the equipment data of interest. It also allows easy addition, deletion or change to the data on file. An equipment catalogue is provided for the user. It provides information about the equipment whose cost data are available in COSMOD*s data file, and serves as a guide for the user in selecting and in providing data required by COSMOD. In conclusion, this work makes available, complete with cost estimating data and equipment catalogue, a preliminary capital cost estimating system, the absence of which has discouraged or impeded economic evaluations in plant design studies on the computer. / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)

No / This paper investigates the dynamics of R&D and capital investment using a large sample of US firms during the period 2002–2016. A partial adjustment approach is employed with a specific focus on the impact of the financial crisis on target adjustment speed. Evidence suggests that firms have a target in both types of investment and adjust to it at varying speeds. Specifically, firms adjusted to the capital investment target faster than to R&D investment. However, firms increased the adjustment speed in R&D investment significantly during the crisis, and it has remained at similar levels during the post-crisis period. The changes in adjustment speeds can be explained by several firm-specific characteristics that are related to the ability of firms to raise internal finance.

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Abstract   Title: Strategies and tactics to stimulate Social enterprise business expansion-Swedish experience   Level: Final assignment for Master’s Degree in Business Administration   Author: GU Yanhao   Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-Malama   Examiner: Lars Ekstrand   Date: 2013-10-17   Aim: This study aims to identify elements which can affect social enterprise business expansion. Based on study, suggestions for social enterprises to achieve long term development are exhibited.   Method: This research is a qualitative research based on case study. Relay on previous knowledge about social enterprises, I formulate questions which serve my study’s aim. There are three companies be selected in my case company list. Those three companies are divided in two categories: one type is social enterprise consultant company whose mission is to aid regional social enterprise to make health business operation; another type is social enterprise. There are four interview used in the research to ensure that the research result contains different perspectives and opinions.   Result & Conclusions: This study depicts an overall view about social enterprise business expansion. Certain suggestions have been listed relay on the combination of previous literature result with case studies. In the study, various elements have been determined which have significant impacts on social enterprise business expansion operation. They are divided in two segments, internal and external. Internal aspects include human resource and social entrepreneur. External factors include third Part Company, non-profit charity groups and authority. Social enterprise who wants business expansion needs to integrate different resources from various social institutions. Meanwhile to enhance internal product capability as well as competitive advantage social enterprise needs to more emphasize on social entrepreneurs’ characteristics.   Suggestion for further research: Further study should emphasize on various sizes of social enterprises in multi-stakeholders co-operation model. This study mainly focuses on SMEs type of SE, but with the time passing by, due to SE can offer solutions to social crisis and economic crisis, SE will be popular, and this idea will spread quickly. Therefore, more and more large size SE will emerge which needs guide and help with business maintaining and expansion plans.   Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes to three aspects. First, this study analyses the present situation of social enterprise, exhibit internal and external factors which affect social enterprise to make business expansion. It offers social enterprise a path to implement business expansion, and help social enterprise to identify its potential capabilities which could help them achieve long term development. Secondly, during this work, author explains the ideology of social enterprise, what are its contributions to society as well as the reason why it exists. Since the results offer an explicitly structured conclusion, they are valuable information to society as well as local municipality to re-considerate the important role social enterprise can play. Last not the least, this research presents a new model of key elements for social enterprise business expansion. It is critical and crucial for further research in academic study.

This study by the human capital point of view, discuss on the nursing professional human capital, and its investment and return as well as nursing competence. Effective samples from 25 different level teaching hospitals amounted to 2,101. In this cross-sectional research, development "nursing competence" scale, by items analysis and explorations as well as confirmed factors analysis, extracted into six factors, named for: integrated care plans, care interventions and communication, self-growth and professional development, management, and coordination and teaching competence, modified to 33 questions items, Cronbach ' s alpha value for 0.885~0.937. Developed evaluation scale for clinical ladder system by 18 items, including 2 factors, personal and professional growth and organizational resource factors, Cronbach ' s alpha values was .875 and .967. Use statistical software Spss 14 and Mplus to test of multivariate and cross-level analysis. The result was that "nursing clinical level" is a very good indicator to the human capital, will affect the "clinical ladder investment evaluation" and "competence"; " Clinical ladder system "will affect the" nursing competence ". Regulation effect of organizational factors, "resource from organization" may affect the relationship of "nursing clinical ladder systems evaluation and nursing competence ". "Hospital grading" has parts of impact on nursing competence. Nurse is worthy human capital, that individuals and organizations should continue to invest obtain the best value for return.