Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Anderson dos Santos Mesquita.pdf: 7340501 bytes, checksum: ff5f2b956484062f42f8187d057664f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-13 / IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares / This work is intended to obtain and characterize the polym er-based poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) loaded with carbon black and compare their physical and chemical properties with other polymers loaded with carbon black, more particularly polypropylene and polysty rene, traditionally used in antistatic packaging. PET compounds were obtained containing 10, 0; 11,0; 12,0 and 15,0% of carbon black with a particle size 325 mesh. We determined the thermo mechanical properties, electrical and morphological of the compounds obtained. The result showed that the compound based on PET filled with 15% carbon black may be used in the handling, transportation and storage of electronic components because their mechanical properties, thermal and resistivity are satisfactory for this purpose. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo obter e caracterizar compostos à base de poli(tereftalato de etileno) (PET) carregado com negro de fumo e comparar suas propriedades físico-químicas com os demais polímeros carregados com negro de fumo, mais especificamente o polipropileno (PP) e o poliestireno (PS), tradicionalmente utilizados em embalagens antiestáticas. Foram obtidos compostos de PET contendo 10,0; 11,0; 12,0 e 15,0% de negro de fumo com granulometria de 325 mesh. Foram determinadas as propriedades termomecânicas, elétricas e morfológicas dos compostos obtidos. Os resultados mostraram que o composto à base de PET carregado com 15% de negro de fumo (NF) pode ser utilizado no manuseio, transporte e armazenagem de componentes eletrônicos visto que suas propriedades mecânicas, térmicas e de resistividade são satisfatórias para este fim.

Les « gels attractifs » constituent une catégorie particulière de fluides complexes. Ces gels sont formés à partir d’une suspension de particules attractives en faible concentration volumique. La microstructure du gel est très facilement modifiée par l’application d’une contrainte. Ainsi, il est possible de structurer ces gels par un cisaillement dans une géométrie suffisamment confinée. Nous avons étudié en détail ce phénomène dans des gels de noirs de carbone ainsi que dans des suspensions de billes de verre dans de l’huile rendues attractives par la présence d’une faible quantité d’eau. Nous avons reproduit ce phénomène dans des simulations numériques de dynamique moléculaire, ce qui permet d’étudier les conditions nécessaires à l’apparition de telles structures. Enfin, en géométrie peu confinée, le mécanisme de rupture et d’écoulement de ces gels en volume est complexe puisque leur rupture est en perpétuelle compétition avec leurcinétique de reformation. Nous avons étudié la rupture des gels de noir de carbone en couplant des techniques classiques de rhéologie avec une technique de mesure locale de déplacement par ultrasons. Ces expériences nous ont permis d’établir un lien entre le comportement global du matériau (sa rhéologie macroscopique) et la dynamique locale de fluidification. / Attractive gels are made of weakly aggregated colloidal particles dispersed in a liquid at lowvolume fraction. Their microstructure can easily be modified when submittedto a shear stress. For instance, those gel can form structures in response to flow under strong confinement. This work is a detailed study of this phenomenon in carbon black gels and in glass beads suspensions in oil made attractive by addition of a small amount water. Those structures are also reproduced in molecular dynamics numerical simulations which allow us to study the conditions for such structures to appear. When sheared in a large gap, yielding and flow of those gels is complex due to the competition between shear-induced aggregation and breakup. Yielding of carbon black gels has been studied by coupling global rheological measurements with local ultrasonic velocimetry providing a link between the global (macroscopic) behaviour and the local dynamics.

A method of synthesizing silicone-based composite consisting of carbon black (CB) as a conductive ller in Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was developed. The aim was to nd a cost eective and easier method to fabricate stretchable, epidermal and conductive electrodes in striving for inexpensive real-time health monitoring. In this work, instead of expensive additive materials for enhancement of PDMS conductivity, CB powder, at lower cost was used. To optimize the electrophysiological properties of the electrodes, limited amount of silver (Ag) and silver chloride (AgCl) particles were added. The electrical characteristic of the electrodes and their stretchability was studied. Since fabrication and characterization did not require clean room enviroment, the developed method was less costly and less time consuming. Samples were made of six dierent ller concentrations in three sets, which in total were 18 samples, in order to obtain better statistics. Resistance of all samples was measured and resistivity values were calculated. Tensile test were performed on all samples. The result showed that all samples had elongation of over 50 %, which is feasible for stretchable, epidermal patches. Samples with ller concentration of 10 wt% CB + 5 wt% Ag/AgCl and 10 wt% CB + 8 wt% Ag/AgCl showed resistivity of Wcm range. The electrodes were conductive, soft, stretchable and biocompatible. They fulll the requirements of epidermal patches for health monitoring.

Direct absorption solar collectors offer possible improvement in efficiency over traditional surface absorbing collectors, because they have fewer heat transfer steps and has the ability to utilise higher radiation fluxes. Carbon black based nanofluids, in a base fluid of salt water, were synthesised by a two-step method where the carbon black nanoparticles were treated with a surfactant, TWEEN-20, in a 1:2 mass ratio and sonicated for 60 minutes to break up agglomerates. The synthesised nanofluids showed stability for over 31 days. The different carbon black concentration nanofluids' solar irradiation absorption properties were compared with each other and with the base fluid of salt water in a concentrating, as well as non-concentration scenario. It was found that the carbon black nanofluids showed excellent absorption properties over the entire solar radiation spectrum. A 1 m2 concentrating unit using a two-axis tracking system, with two mirrors and a 1 m diameter circular Fresnel lens, was used to concentrate solar radiation on a direct absorption solar collector flow cell with a 10 cm2 collection area. An optimum concentration of 0.001 volume % carbon black was found to show a 42 % increase in heating rate, compared to that of salt water. The collector was, however, hampered by high energy losses and the maximum collector efficiency achieved was only 46 %, 23 % higher than that of salt water. The overall system efficiency was only 22 %. This low efficiency can be attributed to the high optical concentration losses (50 % - 70 %) present in the concentrating unit. / Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Chemical Engineering / MEng / Unrestricted

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Yes / In this paper, two types of nano carbon materials including 0D nano carbon black and 2D graphene are assembled through electrostatic adsorption to develop smart cement-based composites. Owing to their excellent mechanical, electrical properties and synergistic effect, self-assembled 0D/2D nano carbon materials can form toughening and conductive networks in cement-based materials at low content level and without changing the preparation process of conventional cement-based materials, thus endowing cement-based materials with smart and multifunctional properties including high toughness, self-sensing property to stress/strain and damage, shielding/absorbing property to electromagnetic wave. The developed smart cement-based composites with self-assembled 0D/2D nano carbon materials have promising application in the fields of oil well cementing, structural health monitoring, and electromagnetic protection and anti-electromagnetic pollution. It can therefore conclude that electrostatic self-assembled 0D/2D nano carbon materials provide a simple preparation method and excellent composite effect for developing nano cement-based materials, which can be applied in large-scale infrastructures. / The National Science Foundation of China (51908103) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M651116).

No description available.

No description available.