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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

N?veis de prote?na degrad?vel no r?men em dietas para cordeiros / Levels of rumen degradable protein in diets for lambs

Silva, Janaina de Lima 25 June 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-18T18:04:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-18T18:04:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-18T18:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 janaina_lima_silva.pdf: 2943351 bytes, checksum: eedd3d2b236bb813951c76f45384d9d9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar o efeito de dietas com diferentes n?veis de prote?na degrad?vel no r?men (PDR) sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes, o balan?o de nitrog?nio e o desempenho em cordeiros. As dietas consistiram de quatro n?veis de PDR (9,15; 9,97; 10,79 e 11,61% na MS), correspondentes a 14,25; 15,50; 16,75 e 18,00% de PB, com 40% de silagem de milho e 60% de concentrado, na base da mat?ria seca. No ensaio de digestibilidade e balan?o de nitrog?nio foram utilizados oito cordeiros machos inteiros da ra?a Santa In?s, com peso vivo m?dio de 26,9 e 24,7 kg, distribu?dos em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4. Cada per?odo experimental teve a dura??o de 15 dias, sendo 10 para adapta??o e cinco para coletas. Os animais foram mantidos em gaiolas metab?licas individuais, usando-se sacolas para coleta total de fezes, para fins de c?lculos dos coeficientes de digestibilidade in vivo. A coleta de urina foi realizada durante 24 horas, utilizando-se baldes pl?sticos cobertos com telas, quando mediu-se o volume da quantidade excretada nesse per?odo. N?o houve efeito de n?veis crescentes de PDR sobre os consumos de nutrientes, exceto de PDR. As digestibilidades aparentes totais dos nutrientes, bem como o balan?o de nitrog?nio, tamb?m n?o foram influenciadas pelos n?veis de PDR. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 31 cordeiros machos inteiros da ra?a Santa In?s, com peso vivo m?dio de 22,0 kg, distribu?dos no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos (9,15 a 11,61% de PDR na MS), tr?s com oito repeti??es e um com sete repeti??es. Al?m desses animais, mais quatro foram abatidos no in?cio da fase experimental, representando os animais-refer?ncia na metodologia do abate comparativo. N?o houve efeito de n?veis crescentes de PDR sobre os consumos de nutrientes, exceto de PB, PDR e PNDR, bem como para o peso vivo ao abate, ganho de peso total, ganho m?dio di?rio, convers?o alimentar e caracter?sticas de carca?a (peso, ganho e rendimento). Conclui-se que os n?veis de PDR, de 9,15 a 11,61% na MS das dietas, n?o alteram o consumo de nutrientes, exceto de PB, PDR e PNDR, nem a digestibilidade aparente total dos nutrientes, o balan?o de nitrog?nio e o desempenho de cordeiros. Assim, pode-se recomendar a utiliza??o do n?vel mais baixo de PDR (9,15% na MS, com 14,25% de PB), contribuindo para a redu??o da excre??o de nitrog?nio no ambiente e de custos no sistema de produ??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with different levels of rumen degradable protein (RDP) on the intake, total apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and performance in lambs. Diets consisted of four levels of RDP (9.15, 9.97, 10.79 and 11.61% in DM), corresponding to 14.25, 15.50, 16.75 and 18.00% CP, with 40% corn silage and 60% concentrated on dry matter basis. In the digestibility trial and nitrogen balance were used eight Santa In?s lambs, with average weight of 26.9 and 24.7 kg divided into two 4 x 4 latin squares. Each experimental period lasted 15 days, considering 10 for adaptation and five for collections. The animals were kept in individual metabolic cages, using bags for total fecal collection for purposes of calculating the digestibility in vivo. The urine collection was performed during 24 hours, using plastic buckets covered with canvas, when the volume of the amount excreted in this period was measured. There was no effect of increasing levels of RDP on the nutrients intake, except for RDP. The apparent digestibilities of nutrients and nitrogen balance were also not influenced by levels of RDP. In the performance test were used 31 male Santa In?s lambs, with average weight of 22.0 kg, allotted in a completely randomized design with four treatments (9.15 to 11.61% RDP in DM), three with eight and one with seven replicates. Besides these animals, four were slaughtered in the early experimental stage, representing the reference animals in the methodology of comparative slaughter. There was no effect of increasing levels of RDP on intake of nutrients, except for CP, RDP and RUP as well as the slaughter live weight, total weight gain, average daily gain, feed conversion and carcass traits (weight, gain and yield). We conclude that levels of RDP, from 9.15 to 11.61% in DM of diets, do not alter nutrient intake, except for CP, RDP and RUP nor the total apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen balance and lambs performance. Thus, we can recommend the use of the lower level of RDP (9.15% DM, with 14.25% CP), contributing to the reduction of nitrogen excretion in the environment and of costs in the production system.
12

Redu??o da prote?na bruta e suplementa??o de amino?cidos das dietas na produ??o de frangos de corte / Reduction of crude protein and amino acid supplementation of diets in the production of broilers

Carvalho, H?lio Beirigo 31 August 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T16:00:42Z No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T16:52:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-22T16:52:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 helio_beirigo_carvalho.pdf: 726064 bytes, checksum: 56c4f507b6b622e8be789dca02e2dfd2 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar o efeito da formula??o de dietas que consideram o atendimento das exig?ncias de prote?na bruta, dietas com redu??o dos valores de prote?na bruta e atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis e dietas com atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos sobre os par?metros de desempenho, consumo de energia, prote?na, amino?cidos, rendimento de carca?a e cortes, empenamento e custos na produ??o de frangos de corte nas diferentes fases de cria??o. Foram realizados cinco experimentos, conduzidos no setor de Avicultura da UFVJM, no Campus JK, em Diamantina ? MG. As aves usadas nos experimentos foram todas machos, da linhagem Cobb 500. No total, foram usadas 2.430 aves e consideradas as fases de 1 a 7, 8 a 21, 22 a 35, 36 a 42 e 42 a 49 dias de idade. Em todos os experimentos, as aves foram distribu?das segundo um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos (T1 ? Dieta-controle formulada de acordo com recomenda??es das Tabelas Brasileiras para aves e su?nos (2011) para atender prote?na bruta e amino?cidos digest?veis; T2 ? Dieta com 5% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T3 - Dieta com 10% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T4 - Dieta com 15% de redu??o da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle; T5 - Dieta formulada para atender as exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis da dieta-controle com o valor da prote?na bruta livre; T6 - Dieta formulada para atender o valor da prote?na bruta da dieta-controle deixando livre o atendimento dos amino?cidos digest?veis. Na fase de 42 a 49 dias foram utilizadas tr?s repeti??es, mas nas demais fases foram usadas quatro repeti??es por tratamento. Com rela??o ao desempenho das aves, foi observado que, com o atendimento das exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis, ? poss?vel reduzir em at? 10% os valores da prote?na bruta nas recomenda??es nutricionais feitas por Rostagno et al. (2011) e, dessa forma, o desempenho das aves n?o ? afetado. No entanto, dietas formuladas para atender apenas as exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis, pioram o desempenho das aves. De modo geral, n?o houve diferen?as no consumo de energia; por?m, o consumo de prote?na e de amino?cidos diferiu ? medida em que se alterou os n?veis de prote?na bruta e amino?cidos digest?veis das dietas. A redu??o dos valores de prote?na bruta das dietas em at? 15% n?o afetou o rendimento de carca?a e cortes, mas as dietas formuladas para atender apenas ?s exig?ncias de amino?cidos digest?veis causaram pioras no rendimento de carca?a e carne do peito das aves. O empenamento das aves n?o foi afetado pelas dietas avaliadas. As an?lises de custos realizadas mostraram que dietas formuladas para o atendimento da prote?na bruta apresentam menor custo; por?m, at? os 35 dias, a redu??o de at? 10% dos valores da prote?na bruta com suplementa??o de amino?cidos digest?veis melhoram o custo do ganho em peso das aves. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of diet formulation considering the attendance of crude protein, diets with reduced crude protein values and requirements of digestible amino acids and diets to meet the amino acid requirements on parameters performance, energy consumption, protein, amino acids, carcass yield and cuts, feathering and costs in the production of broiler chickens at various stages of creation. We conducted five experiments, conducted in the experimental aviary of UFVJM on campus in JK Diamantina - MG. The birds used in the experiments were all male, the strain Cobb 500. In total 2430 birds were used and considered stages 1-7, 8-21, 22-35, 36-42 and 42-49 days of age. In all experiments, the birds were distributed according to a completely randomized design with six treatments (T1 - diet control and formulated in accordance with recommendations of Rostagno et al. (2011) to meet crude protein and digestible amino acids, T2 - diet 5% reduction in crude protein diet control, T3 - diet with 10% reduction of crude protein in the control diet; T4 - diet with 15% reduction of crude protein in the control diet; T5 - diet formulated to meet the requirements the digestible amino acids of diet control with the amount of crude protein free; T6 - diet formulated to meet the amount of crude protein diet control with the amount of digestible amino acids free). In the period from 42 to 49 days were three replicates, but in the other phases were used four replicates per treatment. The performance of the birds, it was observed that, with the assistance of digestible amino acid requirements can be reduced up to 10% of the crude protein nutritional recommendations made by Rostagno et al. (2011), that performance is not affected. However, diets formulated to meet only the requirements of digestible amino acids, decrease the performance of the birds. In general, no differences in energy consumption, however, the consumption of protein and amino acids differ as altered levels of crude protein and digestible amino acid diets. The decreased levels of dietary crude protein up to 15% did not affect carcass yield and cuts, but the diet formulated to meet only the requirements of digestible amino acids, caused decrease in carcass and breast meat of birds. The feathering of the birds was not affected by the diets evaluated. The cost analysis performed showed that diets formulated to meet crude protein have a lower cost, however, up to 35 days, a reduction of up to 10% of the crude protein supplementation with digestible amino acids, improve the cost of weight gain birds.
13

Extrato pirolenhoso como aditivo na ra??o de codornas europeias criadas em dois tipos de cama

Di?genes, G?ssica Vitalino 22 December 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-04-02T15:25:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GessicaVitalinoDiogenes_DISSERT.pdf: 1248738 bytes, checksum: e476ecb1b8658f8ea67d0b16cf8f8a41 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-04-06T12:44:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GessicaVitalinoDiogenes_DISSERT.pdf: 1248738 bytes, checksum: e476ecb1b8658f8ea67d0b16cf8f8a41 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-06T12:44:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GessicaVitalinoDiogenes_DISSERT.pdf: 1248738 bytes, checksum: e476ecb1b8658f8ea67d0b16cf8f8a41 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-22 / A coturnicultura de corte vem se tornando uma atividade altamente promissora no pa?s, se fazendo necess?ria a busca por alternativas para redu??o nos custos, otimizando a produ??o de carne aliado a sustentabilidade. Alguns produtos podem ser utilizados como melhoradores do desempenho, por?m, podem causar problemas na comercializa??o se distribu?dos em pa?ses mais exigentes. Uma alternativa seria o uso do extrato pirolenhoso (EP), que ? um produto que atua como melhorador de desempenho natural por conter em sua composi??o compostos fen?licos, alde?dos e cetonas que tem propriedades bactericidas, antif?ngicas e antioxidantes. Desse modo, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e rendimento de carca?a de codornas europeias alojadas em dois tipos de cama suplementadas com extrato pirolenhoso. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando 400 codornas de corte de 1 a 42 dias, distribu?das em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5x2, com cinco n?veis de extrato pirolenhoso (0,0; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 e 2,5%) e dois tipos de cama (nova e usada), totalizando 10 tratamentos e 4 repeti??es sendo 10 aves por unidade experimental, alojadas em boxes. As aves foram pesadas no inicio e no final do per?odo experimental para avalia??o dos par?metros de desempenho (ganho de peso (GP), consumo de ra??o (CR) e convers?o alimentar (CA)). Ao final do per?odo experimental, foram abatidas 8 aves de cada tratamento para avalia??o da carca?a (rendimento de carca?a (RQ) e peso dos ?rg?os). Foram avaliados ainda a analise econ?mica da utiliza??o do extrato na ra??o, atrav?s dos c?lculos de custo da ra??o, coeficiente operacional efetivo, receita bruta, margem bruta do coeficiente operacional efetivo, lucro operacional efetivo e ?ndice de lucratividade. Os n?veis de suplementa??o de extrato pirolenhoso utilizado nas ra??es, n?o influenciaram (P>0,05) o GP e CA das aves alojadas em cama nova. Para as codornas alojadas em cama usada, foi observado efeito linear para CR, GP e CA. Observou-se melhor RQ para as aves alojadas em cama nova quando comparadas as alojadas em cama usada. J? para o peso dos ?rg?os e a analise econ?mica, a inclus?o de EP na ra??o n?o foi observada efeito. Portanto, a inclus?o de at? 2,5% de extrato pirolenhoso na ra??o de codornas europeias alojadas em cama usada diminuiu o consumo sem alterar o ganho de peso melhorando a convers?o alimentar. Por?m quando alojadas em cama nova apresentaram melhor rendimento de carca?a. Em rela??o ao peso dos ?rg?os e viabilidade econ?mica, n?o foram encontradas diferen?as tanto de aves alojadas em cama nova quanto em aves alojadas em cama usada. / Cutting coturniculture has become a highly promising activity in the country, making it necessary to search for alternatives to reduce costs, optimizing meat production together with sustainability. For example, the use of pyrolignose extract (EP), which is a product that acts as a natural performance enhancer because it contains in its composition phenolic compounds, aldehydes and ketones that have bactericidal, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, carcass yield and economic viability of European quails housed in two types of litter (new and used) supplemented with pyroligneous extract. The experiment was conducted using 400 shear quails from 1 to days, distributed in a completely randomized design in a 5x2 factorial scheme, with five levels of pyrolignous extract (0.0, 1.0, 40 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%) and two types of bed, totaling 10 treatments and 4 replicates, 10 birds per experimental unit, housed in pits. The birds were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experimental period to evaluate the performance parameters (weight gain (GP), feed intake (CR) and feed conversion (CA)). At the end of the experimental period, 8 birds of each treatment were slaughtered for carcass evaluation (carcass yield (CR) and body weight). The economic analysis of the utilization of PE in the ration was also performed through ration cost calculations, effective operating coefficient, gross revenue, gross margin of the effective operating coefficient, effective operating profit and profitability index. There was an interaction effect between PE and bed type on CR. The levels of PS supplementation used in the diets did not influence the performance variables of birds housed in a new bed. For quails housed in bed used, a decreasing linear effect was observed for CR and CA and increasing linear effect for GP. A better CR was observed for birds housed in a new bed when compared to those housed in a used bed. For birds housed in bed used, the RC showed quadratic effect with a better level of 2.5%. There was an interaction effect between EP and bed type for gizzard weight, where the non-EP diet of the birds housed in bed used presented a higher weight of this organ, for other body weights and economic analysis, the inclusion of PE in the diet did not influence these parameters. It is therefore recommended that up to 2.5% of the pyroligneous extract be included in the European quail ration from 1 to 42 days old regardless of the type of litter used at breeding.
14

Baga?o de Cevada na Dieta de Su?nos em Fase de Crescimento. / Barley Bagasse in the Diet of Growing.Phase Swines.

Braz, Jamil Monte 10 April 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:59:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Jamil Monte Braz.pdf: 328071 bytes, checksum: 176c3f850beea04e09748a13beaf240f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-10 / The present work was conducted in the Swine Experimental Unity of the UFRRJ Animal Science Institute, from august to november, 2005, to evaluate different levels of barley bagasse included in diets for swines in growing phase, from 35 to 60 kg of live weight. It was used 20 crossbreed gilts, with 35 kg on average of live weight, in a randomized blocks experimental design with five treatments, and four blocks. The five levels of barley bagasse inclusion were 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50%, replacing the ration based on the dry matter of the reference ration (0% of inclusion). The performance variables ration intake (RI), barley bagasse intake (BBI), total feed intake (TFI), daily ration intake (DRI), daily barley bagasse intake (DBBI), daily feed intake (DFI), total body weight gain (TWG), daily body weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion (FC), also carcass characteristics and weights of organs and visceras were submitted to variance and polynomial regression analysis. It was observed linear reduction on RI and quadratic effect on all the other performance parameters evaluated. The BBI increased with the BB increasing level while TFI increased until 14.91% then decreasing after this level of inclusion. A quadratic effect was observed on DRI and DBBI while DFI increased until the level of 15.00% then decreasing after this level of inclusion. TWG and DWG increased until levels of 12.89 and 14.00% respectively, then decreasing after this level of inclusion. The FC improved progressively until 13.34% of inclusion then getting worse after this level of inclusion. Were evaluated: hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), carcass length (CL) and carcass yields (CY), backfat thickness (BT), ham weight (HW) and ham yield (HY), palette weight (PW) and palette yield (PY), lomb weight (LW) and lomb yield (LY), and loin eye area (LEA). It was observed a quadratic effect on HCW and a linear reduction effect on PW and PY, as the level of barley bagasse inclusion was increased in the swines diets, with none influence on the other carcass characteristics. The Weights of gastro-intestinal tracts (GIT), viscera (VISC), stomach (SW) and liver (LW) were evaluated. There was not any influence on the weights of these last variables due to the level of BB in the growing phase diet. It was observed linear reduction in the feeding cost (FCT) and quadratic effect in the cost per unit of gain (CPUG), which decreased until 22.72% and increasing after this level of BB inclusion. The best level of BB inclusion in diets for swines in growing phase would be 14.91% for higher total DM intake, 12.89% for higher bodyweight gain and 13.34% for the best feed conversion. BB can be included in the growing diet up to 17,36%, without compromising the carcass quality of swines slaughtered at 100 kg of liveweight. BB can be included up to 22.72% in diets of swines in growing phase for reduction of the feeding costs. / O presente trabalho foi realizado no Setor de Suinocultura do Instituto de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (FAIZ/UFRRJ), durante o per?odo de agosto a novembro de 2005, com o objetivo de avaliar diferentes n?veis de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento, dos 35 aos 60 kg de peso vivo. Foram utilizados 20 animais mesti?os das ra?as Large White, Duroc e Landrace, f?meas com peso m?dio de 35 kg, distribu?dos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos e quatro blocos. Os cinco n?veis de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada na dieta foram: 0%; 12,5%; 25%; 37,5% e 50%, substituindo a ra??o com base na mat?ria seca da ra??o refer?ncia (0% de inclus?o). Os par?metros de desempenho consumo de ra??o (CR), consumo de baga?o de cevada (CBC), consumo total (CT), consumo di?rio de ra??o (CDR), consumo di?rio de baga?o de cevada (CDBC), consumo di?rio (CD), ganho de peso total (GP), ganho de peso di?rio (GPD) e convers?o alimentar (CA), assim como caracter?sticas de carca?a e pesos dos ?rg?os e das v?sceras foram submetidos ? an?lise de vari?ncia e de regress?o. Observou-se redu??o linear no CR, e efeito quadr?tico sobre os demais par?metros de desempenho estudados. Observou-se efeito quadr?tico sobre o CBC com o aumento do n?vel de inclus?o, enquanto o CT aumentou at? o n?vel de 14,91% e reduziu ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. Observou-se efeito quadr?tico no CDR e no CDBC enquanto o CD aumentou at? o n?vel de 15,00% passando a diminuir ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. O GP e o GPD aumentaram at? o n?vel de 12,89 e 14,00% respectivamente, apresentando redu??o ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. A CA melhorou gradativamente com a inclus?o at? o n?vel de 13,34% passando a piorar ap?s esse n?vel de inclus?o. Foram avaliados: peso de carca?a quente (PCQ), peso de carca?a resfriada (PCR), comprimento de carca?a (CC) e rendimento de carca?a (RC), espessura de toucinho (ET), peso de pernil (PP) e rendimento de pernil (RP), peso de paleta (PPL) e rendimento de paleta (RPPL), peso de lombo (PL) e rendimento de lombo (RL), e ?rea de olho de lombo (AOL). Observou-se efeito quadr?tico no PCQ e efeito linear no PPL e no RPPL, ? medida que se aumentou o n?vel de baga?o de cevada na dieta dos su?nos, n?o tendo sido observado influ?ncia sobre os demais par?metros de carca?a. Foram avaliados os pesos de trato gastro-intestinal (TGI), das v?sceras (VISC), de est?mago (EST) e de f?gado (FIG). N?o houve influ?ncia do n?vel de baga?o de cevada na dieta dos su?nos em crescimento sobre esses par?metros. Observou-se redu??o linear no custo de alimenta??o (CAL) e efeito quadr?tico no custo por unidade de ganho (CPUG), observando-se redu??o em at? 22,72% no CPUG e aumento ap?s esse n?vel. O melhor n?vel de inclus?o de baga?o de cevada em dietas para su?nos em crescimento seria de 14,91%, para maior consumo total de MS, 12,89% para m?ximo ganho de peso e 13,34% para a melhor CA. O baga?o de cevada pode ser inclu?do na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento em n?veis de at? 17,36%, sem comprometer a qualidade de carca?a de su?nos abatidos aos 100 kg de peso vivo. O baga?o de cevada pode ser inclu?do na dieta de su?nos em fase de crescimento em n?veis de at? 22,72% para redu??o dos custos de alimenta??o.
15

Desempenho e caracter?sticas de carca?a de tr?s gen?tipos comerciais de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes dietas / Performance and carcass traits of three commercial broilers genotypes fed with different diets

Polcaro-Silva, Maria Teresa 11 April 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:04:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 maria_teresa_polcaro_silva.pdf: 541921 bytes, checksum: 0d8c69748e86719c4e99ab0805589c84 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:06:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 maria_teresa_polcaro_silva.pdf: 541921 bytes, checksum: 0d8c69748e86719c4e99ab0805589c84 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-13T12:06:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 maria_teresa_polcaro_silva.pdf: 541921 bytes, checksum: 0d8c69748e86719c4e99ab0805589c84 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-13T12:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 maria_teresa_polcaro_silva.pdf: 541921 bytes, checksum: 0d8c69748e86719c4e99ab0805589c84 (MD5) license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Objetivou-se, com esse trabalho, avaliar caracter?sticas de desempenho e de carca?a de tr?s gen?tipos comerciais de frangos de corte, nos per?odos de 1 a 35, 1 a 42 e 1 a 49 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 2.970 pintos de um dia, machos e f?meas, sexados, de tr?s gen?tipos comerciais de frangos de corte (Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex e Ross 308). Foram utilizados tr?s programas nutricionais, com diferentes n?veis de amino?cidos. As aves foram distribu?das em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em ensaio fatorial 3x3x2 (gen?tipo x ra??o x sexo), com cinco repeti??es e 33 aves/parcela. As caracter?sticas convers?o alimentar (CA), ganho em peso m?dio di?rio (GPMD) e consumo de ra??o m?dio individual (CR) peso corporal aos 35 (PC35), 42 (PC42) e 49 (PC49) dias de idade. Duas aves de cada repeti??o foram abatidas aos 35, 42 e 49 dias de idade para se avaliarem as caracter?sticas de carca?a: peso corporal ao abate, peso e rendimento da carca?a, peso e rendimento dos cortes (peito, pernas e asas). Verificou-se, no per?odo de 1 a 35 dias, intera??o entre gen?tipo x sexo para GPMD e PC35. No per?odo de 1 a 42 dias de idade, n?o houve diferen?as entre os gen?tipos para PC42, CR, GPMD ou CA. Verificou-se intera??o significativa sexo x gen?tipo para peso do peito, sendo que, entre os frangos de corte machos, as aves Cobb 500 apresentaram maior peso do peito, n?o diferindo dos machos Ross, que por sua vez n?o diferiram dos machos Hubbard. Por fim, no per?odo de 1 a 49 dias de idade, n?o houve diferen?a entre os gen?tipos para CR, GPMD ou PC49. De maneira geral, os desempenhos das aves Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex e Ross 308 n?o foram muito diferentes, sendo essas diferen?as mais presentes nas caracter?sticas de carca?a. A ra??o basal apresentou, de forma geral, melhores resultados que as ra??es com mais ou menos 10% de amino?cidos, evidenciando a boa adequa??o dos n?veis nutricionais da mesma. Os machos apresentaram-se superiores, de forma geral, para as caracter?sticas de desempenho e de carca?a, em rela??o ?s f?meas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate performance characteristics and carcass traits of three genotypes of commercial broilers in the periods 1-35, 1-42 and 1-49 days of age. We used 2,970 day-old chicks, male and female, sexed, three cultivars of commercial broilers (Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex and Ross 308). We used three nutritional programs with different levels of amino acids. The broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design in factorial design 3x3x2 (genotype x diet x sex) with five replications and 33 birds / plot. The characteristics of feed conversion (FC) , average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed intake average individual (CR) body weight at 35 (PC35) , 42 (PC42) and 49 (PC49) days of age . Two birds per replicate were slaughtered at 35, 42 and 49 days of age to evaluate carcass traits: body weight at slaughter weight and carcass yield, weight and yield of cuts (breast, legs and wings). It was found in the period 1-35 days genotype x sex interaction for ADG and PC35. In the period 1-42 days of age, there were no differences among genotypes for PC42, CR, DWG or CA. There was significant interaction sex x genotype for breast weight, and between broilers, Cobb 500 had higher breast weight, did not differ from Ross 308 males, who in turn did not differ from males Hubbard. Finally, in the period 1-49 days of age, there was no difference between genotypes CR, DWG or PC49. In general, the performance of broilers Cobb 500, Hubbard Flex and Ross 308 were not very different, and these differences were more present in carcass characteristics. The basal diet showed, in general, better results than diets with more or less 10 % of amino acids, which shows the good nutritional adequacy of the same. The males showed themselves superior, overall, to the performance characteristics and carcass, compared to females.
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Obten??o de blendas polim?ricas a partir da reciclagem de sucatas de aparelhos celulares e polietileno de baixa densidade reciclado / Obtaining polymer blends from the recycling of scrap from cell phones and low density recycled polyethylene

Santos, C?ssia Thais Silva 20 July 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-06T11:42:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - C?ssia Thais Silva Santos.pdf: 4767415 bytes, checksum: 7078f4a6b3c6455dd65b9fa432b3a6ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-06T11:42:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - C?ssia Thais Silva Santos.pdf: 4767415 bytes, checksum: 7078f4a6b3c6455dd65b9fa432b3a6ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20 / It is crescent the research by new materials and methods for creating and same market insertion. Currently, among the various types of waste, electronic waste is considered obsolete in a very short time and require proper disposal. In Brazil, the last year, the reuse of plastic materials has increased. This study aimed to research the importance of mobile phones waste recycling, which have short pace of useful life used as reinforcements, no development of new materials containing recycled thermoplastic polymer (Low Density Polyethylene LDPE) and from the analyzes mechanical and dangerousness of these new materials, so justify the replacement of the importance of some materials with longer life time and easy recyclability, that form provides a reduction of environmental impacts caused by the generated waste were developed six blends of (Low Density Polyethylene recycled and PCABS carcasses - LDPErec/PC-ABS), with composition and grain size variation of cell granulometry housing and also an analysis of pure materials. The results obtained for analysis of diffraction X-ray, density, water absorption, hardness, scanning electronic microscopy and mechanical testing showed one low interaction between polymers, beyond the performance of the amorphous polymer morphology and hence the crystallinity mix, directly affected at the thermal and mechanical properties. As for the hazard analysis of the materials developed, they were not found excess levels of metal toxicants, the limits established by ABNT NBR 10004 / ? crescente a pesquisa por novos materiais e metodologias para a cria??o e inser??o dos mesmos no mercado. Atualmente, dentre os diversos tipos de res?duos, os res?duos eletroeletr?nicos tem aumentado exponencialmente, pois estes tem sido considerados obsoletos em um intervalo de tempo muito curto e necessitam de descarte adequado. No Brasil, nos ?ltimos anos, o reaproveitamento de materiais pl?sticos tamb?m tem aumentado. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a import?ncia da reciclagem de res?duos de telefones celulares (carca?as), que possuem curto tempo de vida ?til, utilizados como refor?os, no desenvolvimento de novos materiais, contendo pol?mero termopl?stico reciclado (polietileno de baixa densidade ? PEBD) e, a partir das an?lises mec?nicas e da periculosidade destes novos materiais, justificar a import?ncia da substitui??o de alguns materiais por outros com maior tempo de vida ?til e de f?cil reciclabilidade, de forma que proporcione a redu??o dos impactos ambientais provocados com os res?duos gerados. Para tal, foram desenvolvidas 6 blendas de (Polietileno de baixa densidade reciclado e carca?as de PC-ABS - PEBDrec/PC-ABS), com varia??o da composi??o e granulometria das carca?as de aparelhos celular, e tamb?m a an?lise dos mat?rias puros. Os resultados obtidos pelas an?lises de difra??o de raios-X, densidade, absor??o de ?gua, dureza, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura e ensaios mec?nicos mostraram que a baixa intera??o entre os pol?meros, al?m da atua??o do pol?mero amorfo na morfologia e, consequentemente, na cristalinidade da mistura, afetou diretamente nas propriedades t?rmicas e mec?nicas. Quanto ? an?lise de periculosidade dos materiais desenvolvidos, n?o foram encontrados n?veis excedentes de metais t?xicos, conforme limites estabelecidos pela NBR ABNT 10004.
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Caracter?sticas da carca?a e qualidade da carne de ovinos terminados em pastagens cultivadas / Characteristics of the carcass and meat quality in sheep of finished cultivated pastures

Ara?jo, Cynthia Gabriela Fernandes de 20 July 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CynthiaGFA_DISSERT.pdf: 579676 bytes, checksum: a64cd9a0438cbc31d01a8c8988a7d1bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of housing and the physical and chemical characteristics of meat from sheep raised on pasture Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum. The experiment was conducted in the physical area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), located in the Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN in Maca?ba, RN, Brazil. We used 32 lambs SPRD, obtained from herds in the state, with liveweight (LW) of 24.5 kg were assigned randomly to four treatments consisting of tropical grasses, two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu and Piat?, and two of Panicum maximum, Aruana and Massai. The experimental area was 2.88 ha, divided into 4 paddocks of 0.72 ha, where each picket consisted of a farm and was divided into six plots of 0.12 ha, where the animals remained under rotational grazing. The period of adaptation to the pickets was seven days. At the beginning of the experiment the animals were weighed, identified with plastic earrings and necklaces colored according to the treatment, and treated against. The lambs were loose in the paddock at 8 am and collected at 16 hours, which returned to collective pens. During the time of grazing animals had free access to mineral supplement with monensin Ovinof?s ? and water. Before entering the paddocks of pasture were sampled to characterize the chemical composition. Every seven days occurred at weighing, with fasting, to monitor the weight development. Cultivars Marandu, Aruana, Piat? and Massai were grazed for 133, 129, 143 and 142 days, respectively, until the lambs reach slaughter weight. Arriving at 32 kg lambs were evaluated subjectively for body condition score by, passed through fasting period, diet and water for 16 hours were slaughtered. Measurements were made in the inner and outer casings in addition to subjective evaluations regarding muscling, finish and quantity of pelvic-renal fat, then each was divided longitudinally into two half-carcases and cuts were made in the commercial left half, and after heavy calculated their income. Between the 12th and 13th thoracic vertebrae, was performed a cut to expose the cross section of the Longissimus dorsi, which was drawn on the rib eye area (REA) in transparent film. Fat thickness and extent of AOL GR were determined using a caliper. A tissue composition was determined by dissection of the legs. Analyzes were performed physical (color, cooking loss and shear force) and chemical composition of meat (moisture, ash, protein and lipids) in Longissimus dorsi muscle. Grazing tropical grass Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and Piat? and Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana and Massai can be used for lambs SRPD in the rainy season, because not alter the physico-chemical and chemical composition of meat / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a qualidade da carca?a e das caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas da carne de ovinos criados em pasto de Brachiaria brizantha e Panicum maximum. O experimento foi conduzido na ?rea f?sica do Grupo de Estudos em Forragicultura (GEFOR), situado na Unidade Acad?mica Especializada em Ci?ncias Agr?rias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, em Maca?ba, RN. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros SPRD, obtidos de rebanhos do Estado, com peso vivo (PV) m?dio de 24,5kg, distribu?dos aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos constitu?dos por gram?neas tropicais, sendo duas cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu e Piat?; e duas de Panicum maximum, Aruana e Massai. A ?rea experimental tinha 2,88 ha, dividida em 4 piquetes de 0,72 ha, onde cada piquete consistia de uma cultivar e era dividido em 6 parcelas de 0,12 ha, onde os animais permaneciam sob pastejo rotacionado. O per?odo de adapta??o aos piquetes foi de sete dias. No in?cio do experimento os animais foram pesados, identificados com brincos pl?sticos e colares coloridos de acordo com o tratamento, e tratados contra endoparasitas. Os cordeiros eram soltos nos piquetes ?s 8 horas e recolhidos ?s 16 horas, onde retornavam ?s baias coletivas. Durante o tempo de pastejo os animais tinham livre acesso ao suplemento mineral Ovinof?s? com monensina e ?gua. Antes de entrarem nos piquetes eram colhidas amostras do pasto para caracteriza??o da composi??o qu?mica. A cada sete dias ocorriam ?s pesagens, com jejum pr?vio, para o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento ponderal. As cultivares Marandu, Aruana, Piat? e Massai foram pastejadas durante 133, 129, 143 e 142 dias, respectivamente, at? os cordeiros atingirem o peso de abate. Ao chegarem aos 32 kg os cordeiros foram avaliados subjetivamente quanto a condi??o corporal por meio escores, passaram por jejum de s?lidos, dieta h?drica durante 16 horas e foram abatidos. Foram feitas mensura??es internas e externas nas carca?as al?m de avalia??es subjetivas quanto ? musculosidade, acabamento e quantidade de gordura p?lvico-renal, depois cada uma foi dividida longitudinalmente em duas meias carca?as e foram feitos os cortes comerciais na meia carca?a esquerda, logo ap?s pesados e calculados seus rendimentos. Entre a 12? e a 13? v?rtebras tor?cicas, foi realizado um corte para expor a sec??o transversal do m?sculo Longissimus dorsi, sobre o qual foi tra?ada a ?rea de olho do lombo (AOL) em pel?cula transparente. A espessura de gordura da AOL e a medida GR foram determinadas utilizando-se de paqu?metro. A composi??o tecidual foi determinada atrav?s da disseca??o das pernas. Foram feitas as an?lises f?sicas (cor, perdas por coc??o e for?a de cisalhamento) e a composi??o centesimal da carne (umidade, cinzas, prote?na e lip?dios) no m?sculo Longissimus dorsi. Pastagem de gram?neas tropicais de Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu e Piat? e de Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana e Massai podem ser utilizadas para cordeiros SRPD na ?poca chuvosa, pois n?o alteraram as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e composi??o centesimal da carne

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