Caregivers of children with health problems have been demonstrated to show poorer physical and psychological health than caregivers of healthy children. It has been suggested that child behavioural problems are key and account for a large proportion of the variance in caregiver health. Currently, the relation between behaviour problems and caregiver health remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis and a secondary data analysis using national data to describe and compare the associations between internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems and caregiver health. Meta-analytical results suggest an association between child behaviour problems and parental stress, depression, and presence of psychiatric symptoms. National data analyses suggested an important association between child behaviour problems, particularly externalizing behaviour problems, and caregiver physical and psychological health when accounting for socioeconomic variables. Results suggest mothers may be more impacted than fathers, and that externalizing behaviour problems may contribute to bigger caregiver health effects than internalizing behaviour problems.

We investigated the association of coping with quality of life (QoL) among parents of children with chronic illnesses, particularly inherited metabolic diseases (IMD); and whether coping may modify the association between caregiving complexity and parental QoL. In project 1, we systematically reviewed studies of parents of children with chronic illness. Among 10 eligible studies, we identified some evidence that adaptive coping strategies were positively associated with parental psychological QoL. In project 2, we analyzed data from a crosssectional mailed Canadian survey of parents of children <12 years of age with IMD. Among 113 respondents, greater emotion-focused coping was associated with lower mental QoL (all parents) and higher depressive symptoms (parents of children >=5 years). Analysis of significant interactions between coping and caregiving complexity did not reveal clear trends. Understanding the association of parental coping with QoL may help to inform interventions to promote parental health as part of family-centred care.

Background: In the healthcare sector, many workers are believed to be “double duty carers” (DDCs) - individuals providing care both at work and home. DDCs often work in paid care work while providing unpaid care to family/friends outside of work. The COVID-19 pandemic places additional stressors on these vulnerable carers. Caring is an emerging global health issue involving the straining of roles due to the pandemic. Informal or unpaid caring is globally known to be a women's health issue given the gendered nature of caring, resulting in women shouldering greater physical, social, and emotional costs. Purpose: The aim of this study was to understand the impact of COVID-19 on DDCs through the perspective of employers and DDCs. The knowledge generated illuminates how the paid and unpaid caring has been affected by the pandemic, what supports, or coping strategies are being utilized by DDCs. Methods: This mixed-methods study comprises two phases; a quantitative survey for employers and qualitative interview for DDCs. The survey investigates how workplace supports have been impacted by the pandemic, while the interview investigates DDCs’ experiences/coping strategies during the pandemic. Finally, triangulation of the data from the two phases will be used to create evidence-based policy recommendations to enhance DDC supports. Results: Healthcare employers were observed to be cognizant of DDCs’ diminishing wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic; yet, less than half supported their carer-employees. DDCs had increased care demands both at work and at home and experienced a lack of access to their usual support system and support services. The data from both phases helped elucidate recommendations and areas of concern for DDC support that can serve as important implications for carer-friendly workplace policies (CFWP). Conclusion: By exploring the intersection of perspectives from employers and DDCs, this study will contribute to evidence-informed guidelines for CFWP during a pandemic. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / The term ‘double duty carer’ (DDC) refers to individuals, often women, that are provide care both at home and at work. DDCs are an important workforce that are vulnerable to negative physical and mental health consequences which are exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the pandemic on DDCs’ caring responsibilities and supports from the perspectives of healthcare employers and DDCs. Findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic made paid and unpaid caring much more demanding, inflicted poor health consequences upon DDCs and made supports difficult to access. DDCs are experiencing increased role strain and having to invest more hours in paid and unpaid care. The findings of this study can be used to improve DDC support and strengthen the collaborative relationships among healthcare employers and DDCs.

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Purpose: Research shows that caregivers raising children with disabilities (CoDs) are at a higher risk of decreased health and wellbeing (Bourke-Taylor et al., 2022). Limited research exists to guide OTP intervention to promote caregiver well-being. This mixed methods study aimed to gather information on caregiver experiences regarding facilitators and barriers for occupations and wellness while raising a child with a disability between the ages of 3-21. Design: The mixed-methods design utilized surveys and a semi-structured interviews to gather data from 27 primary caregivers of a CoD aged 3-21 in the United States. Participants also needed to have access to the internet, be proficient in English, and were recruited via convenience and snowball sampling from social media and research team outreach. Methods: Surveys and semi-structured interviews were used to gather information regarding caregiver health, wellness, and occupational engagement. Surveys completed on Qualtrics included measurement tools such as the Parent Effort Scale, Health Promoting Activities Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Well-Being Scale. Interviews were conducted via Zoom with audio transcription. Data analysis used SPSS and qualitative coding. Results: Identifiable facilitators and barriers significantly correlated to caregiver health and wellness and the unique challenges of raising a CoD. Caregivers reported a desire for programs to engage in health and wellness promoting activities and occupations. Conclusion: Findings identified challenges that caregivers of CoD face and highlight the role of occupational therapy in supporting their needs. Findings drove the development of the program “PromOTing a Healthier You” to address the needs of caregivers from an occupational perspective. Impact Statement: This study's findings, offer impactful, concrete insights for OTP development of health promotion interventions for this population. / Temple University. College of Public Health / Health and Rehabilitation Sciences

Caring for an elder with dementia at home is considered a challenging and complex process. The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of family caregiving upon caregivers of elders with dementia on caregiver's health in the context of Chinese family caregiving. The investigation also describes the roles of caregiving appraisal, coping, familism, and perceived social support on the relationship between caregving stressors and caregiver outcomes.A cross-sectional correlational design was used to examine relationships among the variables. Ninety-six family caregivers of elders with dementia in China were recruited. Self-reported questionnaires were utilized to measure the variables.Results from bivariate correlational analysis found that ADL impairments had no any significant relationship with other variables and was not used in model testing.. Path analysis indicated that the proposed Dementia Caregiving Model did not fit the data well. Model modifications were performed based on AMOS 5.0 output and the theoretical rationale for the potential modifications. The modified final model fit the data perfectly. It explained 21.1% and 39.7% of the variance in caregiver physical health and psychological health respectively. In the final models, behavioral problems of care-recipients and perceived social support of caregivers had direct and indirect effects on caregiver physical health and psychological health. Familism and caregiving satisfaction only had indirect effects on caregiver psychological health and no effects on caregiver physical health. Conversely, caregiving subjective burden and coping had direct effects on caregiver health; burden had direct effects on both physical and psychological health of caregivers, whereas coping had a direct effect on caregiver psychological health.The findings enrich knowledge of dementia family caregiving in the context of China and Chinese culture and add the important variables of caregiver appraisal of caregiving satisfaction and familism to existing theories and models of stress and coping on family caregiving cross culturally. This study not only contributes to Chinese nursing research by introducing a conceptual model for family caregiving of elders with dementia, but also can be a basis for formulating interventions to help family caregivers of elders with dementia cope with their caregiving situations.

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The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased two percent from 2012–2014 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018) and the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has considered ASD to be a major health concern. The demands of caring for a child with developmental disabilities, including ASD can be overwhelming and the caregivers are experiencing heightened levels of stress in comparison to rearing typically developing children (Argumedes, Lanovaz, & Larivée, 2017; Lindo, Kliemann, Combes, & Frank, 2017). There is a need for more family support to implement more effective coping strategies to deal with the maladaptive functioning of the child with ASD (Hall, & Graff, 2011). The WE C.A.R.E. 2 Program is a nine-week evidence-based community pilot program that will provide an inclusive opportunity with additional family support and effective coping strategies e.g., breathing techniques, yoga postures and positive coping cognitions (e.g., positive self-talk and reappraisals) to decrease the stress levels of caregivers and promote healthy behaviors and healthy child development with the support and training from trained facilitators and a network of caregivers. This individualized plan will tailor to the needs of each dyad to create the necessary mechanisms of change (behavior, cognition, physiological, and sensory modulation) among the children and adults in the yoga group. The professional collaboration of different disciplines (occupational therapy, yoga therapist and teacher) will provide the appropriate modifications to the environment and provide the necessary input for the “just right” experience for a positive outcome.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucimar Aparecida Garcia Coneglian.pdf: 826784 bytes, checksum: 94a9617f38606e186df7a0fb8a7a5cf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-04 / This thesis records the research developed in CAPS in the region of Campos Gerais in the cities Arapoti, Campo Largo, Castro, Lapa, Ponta Grossa, Rio Negro and Telêmaco Borba, of Paraná State. The method chosen was to select successful cases of psychological distress in people who take care in these institutions. Also covered are the success criteria identified by professionals working in the Campos Gerais CAPS and the elements of success contained in the discourse of family caregivers. It is part of the field research the record of institutional profile, the profile of workers and the profile of ‘users’ CAPS surveyed. CAPS workers in the Campos Gerais area defined the criteria they considered relevant to identify successful experiences, and they also indicated the success stories, selected for the interviews with family members, caregivers. From the interviews with the caregivers were discussed some elements that may be related to successful treatment. Through analysis of data collected, it is noted that the question of success in treating psychological distress of the person is permeated by contradictions, where the constructs of the brasilian Psychiatric Reform coexist with the principles of biomedical psychiatry. / Essa dissertação registra a pesquisa desenvolvida nos CAPS da região dos Campos Gerais das cidades paranaenses de Arapoti, Campo Largo, Castro, Lapa, Ponta Grossa, Rio Negro e Telêmaco Borba. A opção metodológica foi a de selecionar casos exitosos de pessoas em sofrimento psíquico que fazem tratamento nestas instituições. Também estão contemplados os critérios de sucesso no tratamento identificados pelos profissionais que atuam nos CAPS dos Campos Gerais e os elementos do êxito contidos no discurso dos cuidadores, em relação ao se familiar que freqüenta a instituição. Faz parte da pesquisa de campo o registro do perfil institucional, do perfil dos trabalhadores e do perfil dos ‘usuários’ dos CAPS pesquisados. Os trabalhadores dos CAPS dos Campos Gerais definiram os critérios que consideraram relevantes para identificar as experiências exitosas, sendo que eles também indicaram os casos de sucesso, selecionados para as entrevistas com os familiares-cuidadores. A partir das entrevistas com os cuidadores foram discutidos alguns elementos que podem estar relacionadas ao êxito no tratamento. Através da análise dos dados coletados, foi possível perceber que a questão do êxito no tratamento da pessoa em sofrimento psíquico está permeada por contradições, onde os constructos da Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileira coexistem comos preceitos da psiquiatria biomédica.

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