Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1982. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-89). Also available via the Internet.

No description available.

Two species of large carpenter bees (genus Xylocopa) were studied in southern Arizona. Nesting preference of X. c. arizonensis in floral scapes of Agave palmeri was found to depend on floral scape age and status of the thermal microenvironment. Evidence suggests that females assess scape age with extreme accuracy and this ability enables them to avoid those scapes that are degraded by other biota. Females also preferentially used Agave scapes that were shaded from the afternoon sunlight. Male mating behavior and lek site selection of X. varipuncta was also investigated near a large nesting site in a topographically flat area. Behaviors analyzed indicate that males tend to display singly and that they disperse pheromonal signals. Lek site selection was in accord with that found at three other study sites and further demonstrated that males did not clump their territories near nest sites. Distribution of male territories therefore does not appear to correspond to female distributions in the environment.

Diss.--Philosophie--Saarbrücken--Universität des Saarlandes, 1988.

Thesis (M.F.A.) -- Montana State University -- Bozeman, 2006. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: N. Rick Pope.

No description available.

The anatomical source of the trail pheromone in the black carpenter ant, <I> Camponotus pennsylvanicus </I>, was investigated by presenting workers with crude or synthetic hindgut extracts to test for attractancy and trail-following behavior. Chemical analysis was used in conjunction with behavioral bioassays to detect and identify volatiles from the rectal sac, poison, and Dufour's glands. The rectal material was also examined to determine levels of total nitrogen and identify metabolites in relation to other solid material present. Under laboratory conditions, foragers demonstrated a significant level of attraction to a combined Dufour's gland, poison gland, and rectal sac extract. No response was observed to synthetic compounds (formic acid and saturated hydrocarbons) from the poison or Dufour's gland. Two volatiles, n-undecane and n-tridecane, were identified from the Dufour's gland. Fatty acids and esters were found to be ubiquitous in the Dufour's and poison glands. Palmitic acid was identified in the poison gland. A compound described as a component of the trail pheromone in <I> Camponotus atriceps </I> (3,4-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-pyran-4-one) was identified in the rectum, but was not verified behaviorally as being part of the trail pheromone for <I> C. pennsylvanicus </I>. Trail following was not elicited from any of the rectal sac extracts. Dry weight analysis determined that the rectal material was only 14% solid material and total nitrogen levels were estimated at 19.2 ± 2 ug/mg of ant feces. Most of the components contributing to the total nitrogen excreted were left unidentified, but ammonia (2.7 ± 1.2 ug/mg), two tryptophan intermediates (kynurenic and xanthurenic acid) and one pteridine (biopterin), were identified. / Master of Science

Aspects of the behavior, biology, and economic importance of carpenter ants were examined. The overall objectives of this study were to determine the economic importance of carpenter ants, and to extend the data currently available on two of the most common and economically important species in the U.S. A survey for the economic importance of carpenter ants indicated that carpenter ants are considered a serious pest by homeowners. The results show that 90% of the homeowners who requested control for carpenter ants during 1980, paid more than $25 for carpenter ant control. The presence of detectable damage was not the definitive factor in the decision to request control. Camponotus ferrugineus and C. pennsylvanicus are similar in their colony foundation and biology. C. ferrugineus required 54 days to produce the first brood and there were 18 workers, including one intermediate worker, in the first brood. Queens of C. pennsylvanicus required an average of 46 days to rear the first brood. Ad libitum feeding did not have a significant effect on colony founding in C. pennsylvanicus. Two queens reared their first brood under artificial light. Food preference studies of C. pennsylvanicus and C. ferrugineus indicated that these two species have similar food preferences. Although honey was preferred to most foods tested, it may not supply sufficient nutrients to ensure proper colony nutrition. C. pennsylvanicus has become well adapted to man-made structures. Some foraging ants are present year round. C. pennsylvanicus optimizes its foraging by exploiting indoor and outdoor foraging sites. The division of labor during nest construction may be based on subcaste. Major workers appear to be responsible for most nest-building in mature colonies. / Master of Science

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Denna uppsatsens ämne är adaption. John W. Campbells science fiction/skräck kortroman Who Goes There? skall jämföras med två filmatiseringar som baserats på verket och som spelats in under olika generationer. Den första filmen är The Thing From Another World som regisserades av Christian Nyby 1951 och den andra filmen är The Thing som regisserades av John Carpenter 1982. Utöver en generell jämförelse som tar upp likheter och skillnader verken emellan så kommer teman som våld och genus också vara ett genomgående fokus i uppsatsen. Frågor som varför inga kvinnliga karaktärer finns i Campbells berättelse diskuteras, dessutom varför en av filmatiseringarna väljer att göra samma val när det gäller inkluderingen av kvinnor medan den andra inte gör det. Hur och varför kvinnor representeras som de gör generellt inom skräckgenren tas också upp. Effekten, graden och nödvändigheten av våld är en fråga som diskuteras inte bara inom ramarna av den ursprungliga berättelse skriven av Campbell och de två filmer som är baserade på den, men också inom skräckgenren som helhet. Ljudets roll inom skräck är också en faktor som tas upp via diskussion kring filmmusik.