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Ultra-wide Trans-Neptunian Binaries: tracers of the outer solar system's history.Parker, Alex Harrison 07 July 2011 (has links)
Ultra-wide Trans-Neptunian Binaries (TNBs) are extremely sensitive to perturbation, and therefore make excellent probes of the past and present dynamical environment of the outer Solar System. Using data gathered from a host of facilities we have determined the mutual orbits for a sample of seven wide TNBs whose periods exceed one year. This characterized sample provides us with new information about the probable formation scenarios of TNBs, and has significant implications for the early dynamical and collisional history of the Kuiper Belt. We show that these wide binaries have short collisional lifetimes, and use them to produce a new estimate of the number of small (~1 km) objects in the Kuiper Belt. Additionally, these systems are susceptible to tidal disruption, and we show that it is unlikely that they were ever subjected to a period of close encounters with the giant planets. We find that the current properties of these ultra-wide Trans-Neptunian Binaries suggest that planetesimal growth in the Cold Classical Kuiper Belt did not occur through slow hierarchical accretion, but rather through rapid gravitational collapse. / Graduate
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Simulação Gráfica de Buracos Negros utilizando Sistemas de PartículasCordeiro, Douglas Farias 17 March 2009 (has links)
The application of Computer Graphics tools in the nature phenomena simulation have been
presenting a series of proposals since its creation. Over the years this task has gained a characteristic
trait that makes it closer to the reality, both visually as by the abstraction strategies
used. However, the specific application of this Computer Science area for the astrophysical phenomena
simulation remains as something restricted explored, although the Computer Graphics
is considered as an important tool to aid the synthesis of satellite images and the film industry.
Accordingly, this graphical simulation area remains open in several ways, showing a need for
development of simulation models for the phenomena described by Astrophysics. This dissertation
presents a graphical simulation model of Black Holes, that is one of the most mysterious
phenomena known by man, through the use of Particle Systems representation techniques and
the approximation method Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, making possible this phenomenon
observation and its application in the animations design. / A aplicação da Computação Gráfica na simulação de fenômenos da natureza tem apresentado,
desde sua criação, uma série de propostas, que ao longo dos anos vem ganhando um
caráter que as aproxima mais da realidade, tanto visualmente quanto através das estratégias de
abstração utilizadas. Entretanto, a aplicação específica desta área da Ciência da Computação
para a simulação de fenômenos astrofísicos fisicamente baseados ainda permanece como algo
restritamente explorado, embora a Computação Gráfica seja considerada como uma importante
ferramenta de auxílio a síntese de imagens obtidas via satélite e na industria cinematográfica.
Neste sentido, esta área de simulação gráfica permanece em aberto sob diversos aspectos, denotando
uma necessidade de concepção de modelos de simulação para os fenômenos descritos pela
Astrofísica. Nesta dissertação será apresentado um modelo de simulação gráfica de Buracos
Negros, um dos fenômenos mais misteriosos conhecidos pelo homem, através da utilização da
técnica de representação Sistemas de Partículas e do método de aproximação Smoothed Particle
Hydrodynamics, tornando possível a observação deste fenômeno e sua aplicação na concepção
de animações. / Mestre em Ciência da Computação
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