Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-13T23:20:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MANOEL FERREIRA ALVES – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEP) 2008.pdf: 3112374 bytes, checksum: 9cf6a2a42164531d421fee74cc878785 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T23:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MANOEL FERREIRA ALVES – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEP) 2008.pdf: 3112374 bytes, checksum: 9cf6a2a42164531d421fee74cc878785 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05 / O caldo resultante da extração de vagens da algaroba (Prosopis juliflora, Sw, DC) foi usado como meio de cultivo para o crescimento de leveduras. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em três etapas: seleção e isolamento, propagação e produção de leveduras. Com base nos princípios microbiológicos de propagação, as células provenientes da multiplicação, foram submetidas a diluições seqüenciais em tubos e destes, para placas de Petri, de onde as leveduras foram criteriosamente selecionadas e isoladas. Foram isoladas 5 (cinco) leveduras denominadas ALG-1, ALG-2, ALG-3, ALG-4 e ALG-5 dentre as quais, duas se destacaram na produção de fermento, a ALG-3 e ALG-4. Estas foram identificadas geneticamente como sendo dos gêneros Saccharomyces e Zigosscharomyces respectivamente. As condições ambientais de cultivo foram semelhantes às da fermentação alcoólica tradicional que usa caldo de cana- de-açúcar ou melaço como meio de crescimento de leveduras. As variáveis foram monitoradas por meio de um fermentador de mistura completa provido de programa de controle para atender as condições crescimento das leveduras. O pH foi ajustado em 4,5; a temperatura em 30o C ± 2o C e concentração de substrato na faixa de 25 a 30g/litro. Quanto às variáveis operacionais, a taxa de oxigenação por aeração foi controlada em 0,5 v.v.m. e velocidade de agitação em 250 r.p.m. Além do cultivo natural, foram realizados cultivos com agitação e aeração em separado e, com essas operações, de forma simultânea. As leveduras selecionadas do caldo de algaroba, quando testadas e cultivadas em caldo de cana de açúcar superaram as leveduras comerciais. O fermento produzido foi submetido a congelamentos prévios, usando três temperaturas: -40° C, -165° C e -196° C, seguido de secagem por liofilização. A liofilização realizada a temperatura de -40° C resultou em uma maior estabilidade celular do fermento ao longo de 4 meses. Neste trabalho, foram estudadas as cinéticas tanto do processo fermentativo quanto do processo de liofilização. Finalmente, foram efetuados estudos de viabilidade celular e técnicas de preservação das culturas das leveduras. Este trabalho pôde mostrar que a algaroba é uma valiosa fonte de fermento biológico. / In present work, the broth of mesquite (Prosopis juliflora sw, DC) was used for growth of microorganisms, especially yeasts that naturally canning to be fermented. The research was developed in three steps: Selection and isolation, propagation and yeasts production. The strains of yeasts isoled were named ALG-1, ALG-2, AlG-3, ALG-4 and ALG-5 where ALG-3 and ALG-4 presented high performance in fermentation process. These strains were genetically analysed how being Saccharomyces and Zigossacharomyces type. The conditions environmental of culture were equal at alcoholic fermentation that use how culture medium juice of sugar cane and molasses. Variables were monitored and controlled through fermentor programmed with physical and chemical system sensors and projected of accord with yeast production process. The pH was maintained in 4,5; temperature of 30o C ± 2o C, and optimal concentration of substrate also was maintained in 25g/liter. The operations variables used were air flow rate per medium volume united of 0,5 v.v.m. This flow rate measured the concentration of dissolved oxygen and stirrer speed was controlled in 250 rotation per minute. The propagation of cells resulted in series dilutions for a selection and isolation of strains/ yeast into more criterions methods, and well characterized with basis in the microbiological and genetic procedures. The fermentation processes were developed in batch with agitation and aeration. The yeasts selected of the broth of mesquite were tested in juice of sugar cane where yield was higher so as the commercial yeast. The yeasts selected were previously freezed at temperatures of -40° C, -165° C and -196° C, succeeded by freeze drying process. The freeze drying at temperature of -40°C resulted in a good stabilitidy so long 4 month of stocking. The data analysis was utilized for studies of the kinetics of fermentative process and of yeast drying by liophilization. In this phase, were evaluated the influence of the better cryoprotectant medium for the maintenance of yeast cell viability. This work can show that mesquite é the big source of yeast production.

Nuclear receptors constitute a large family of transcription factors that are powerful regulators of animal tissue metabolism, homeostasis, tissue maintenance and development. They are particularly attractive for their ability to respond to the binding of hormones, metabolites, xenobiotics and artificially prepared molecules and transmit the interaction with these small lipophylic molecules to specific regulatory potential. In search for nuclear receptors that are likely to be critical for neural tissues in invertebrates and conserved during the evolution of animals, we have identified a close homologue of vertebrate TLX in a planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Planaria represent very promising biological model systems for studies on tissue maintenance and regeneration. Planaria are able to resorb their tissues and use them as sources of energy during fasting and they re-build their bodies from neoblasts when food is plentiful. Our search in Schmidtea mediterranea's publicly accessible genome sequencing data indicated that planarian genome contains at least one gene with a high degree of similarity to vertebrate TLX. We cloned full length CDS (coding DNA sequence of cDNA) and characterized the gene functionally. This showed that the planarian and vertebrate NR2E1 are highly similar...

Nuclear receptors constitute a large family of transcription factors that are powerful regulators of animal tissue metabolism, homeostasis, tissue maintenance and development. They are particularly attractive for their ability to respond to the binding of hormones, metabolites, xenobiotics and artificially prepared molecules and transmit the interaction with these small lipophylic molecules to specific regulatory potential. In search for nuclear receptors that are likely to be critical for neural tissues in invertebrates and conserved during the evolution of animals, we have identified a close homologue of vertebrate TLX in a planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Planaria represent very promising biological model systems for studies on tissue maintenance and regeneration. Planaria are able to resorb their tissues and use them as sources of energy during fasting and they re-build their bodies from neoblasts when food is plentiful. Our search in Schmidtea mediterranea's publicly accessible genome sequencing data indicated that planarian genome contains at least one gene with a high degree of similarity to vertebrate TLX. We cloned full length CDS (coding DNA sequence of cDNA) and characterized the gene functionally. This showed that the planarian and vertebrate NR2E1 are highly similar...