Thesis (M.S.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Biological Sciences, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-192) Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-192) Also available online.

No description available.

Cryopreservation of adherent cells may be advantageous for cell types that are difficult to preserve in suspension or when it is necessary to preserve characteristics of the adherent cultured cells. Vitrification is a promising procedure for the preservation of adherent cells that prevents ice crystal formation and the resulting dissociation and morphological damage. To successfully vitrify adherent cells, high concentrations of CPA are required which increases the likelihood of osmotic and toxic damage. In this dissertation, we describe a rational design strategy that predicts mathematically optimized CPA addition and removal procedures based on the minimization of a toxicity cost function. These rationally designed procedures rely on the accurate knowledge of cell biophysical parameters. We validate an in situ calcein fluorescence quenching method for the determination of membrane permeability parameters for adherent cells. We also describe the determination of osmotic tolerance limits for adherent cells. We use rational design strategies to determine CPA addition and removal procedures for adherent endothelial cells, neuronal cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells as well as oocytes. Also, we provide experimental support for the feasibility of these methods using adherent endothelial cells. The mathematical methods and experimental procedures outlined in this dissertation are important tools for the design of addition and removal procedures for concentrated CPA solutions. This dissertation is an important step toward successful design and implementation of vitrification strategies for adherent cells and tissues. / Graduation date: 2013 / Access restricted to the OSU Community at author's request from Feb. 14, 2013 - Feb. 14, 2015

Thesis (Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences) -- University of Colorado, 2006. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-216). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaGA_DISSERT.pdf: 1532248 bytes, checksum: 8b25b3bf5e0afc796607cf138b0a9885 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Dental pulp stem cells have been widely investigated because of their ability to differentiate into both dental and non-dental cells, with potential use in therapies involving tissue engineering. The technique of cell cryopreservation represents a viable alternative for the conservation of these cells, since it stops reversibly, in a controlled manner, all of cell biological functions in an ultra low temperature. The present study aimed to evaluate, using in vitro experiments, the influence of a cryopreservation protocol on the biologic acti vity of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Cells obtained from the pulp of three deciduous teeth on end-stage exfoliation or with indicated extraction were expanded in α-MEM culture medium supplemented with antibiotics and 15% fetal bovine serum. At second subculture (P2), a group of cells were submitted to cryopreservation for 30 days in 10% DMSO diluted in fetal bovine serum, at -80? C, while the remind cells continued under normal conditions of cell culture. Cell proliferation was evaluated in both groups (not cryopreserved or cryopreserved) by Trypan blue stain essay at intervals of 24, 48 and 72h after plating. Cell cycle analysis of SHEDs submitted or not to the cryopreservation protocol was performed in the same intervals. Events related to cell death were studied by Annexyn V and PI expression under flow cytometry at the intervals of 24 and 72h. The presence of nuclear morphological changes was evaluated by DAPI staining at 72h interval. It was observed that both groups exhibited an upward cell proliferation curve, without considerable changes in cell viability throughout the experiment. The distribution of cell in the cell cycle phasis was consistent with cell proliferation in both groups. There were no nuclear morphological damages in the end range of the experiment. therefore, it is concluded that the proposed cryopreservation protocol is efficient for storing the studied cell type, allowing its use in future experimental studies / C?lulas-tronco da polpa dental humana t?m sido amplamente investigadas em raz?o da sua capacidade de diferenciar-se tanto em c?lulas dentais quanto n?o dentais, com potencial de utiliza??o em terapias envolvendo a engenharia de tecidos. A t?cnica de criopreserva??o celular representa uma alternativa vi?vel para a conserva??o dessas c?lulas, j? que cessa reversivelmente, de forma controlada, todas as suas fun??es biol?gicas em uma temperatura ultra-baixa. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, atrav?s de experimentos in vitro, a influ?ncia de um protocolo de criopreserva??o na atividade biol?gica de c?lulas-tronco da polpa de dentes humanos d ec?duos esfoliados (SHED). C?lulas obtidas da polpa de tr?s dentes dec?duos em est?gio final de esfolia??o ou com exodontia indicada foram expandidas em meio de cultivo α-MEM suplementado com antibi?ticos e 15% de soro fetal bovino. No segundo subcultivo (P2), um grupo de c?lulas foi submetido a criopreserva??o por 30 dias em DMSO dilu?do a 10% em soro fetal bovino, a 80?C negativos, enquanto o restante seguiu em condi??es normais de cultivo. A prolifera??o celular em ambos os grupos (criopreservado e n?o criopreservado) foi avaliada atrav?s do m?todo de colora??o por azul de Tripan nos intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas ap?s o plaqueamento. Nestes mesmos intervalos foi realizada a an?lise do ciclo celular das SHEDs submetidas ou n?o ao protocolo de criopreserva??o. Os eventos relacionados ? morte celular foram analisados atrav?s da express?o de Anexina V e PI em citometria de fluxo, nos intervalos de 24 e 72 horas. A presen?a de altera??es morfol?gicas nucleares foi avaliada atrav?s da marca??o por DAPI no intervalo de 72 horas. Observou-se que ambos os grupos exibiram uma curva de prolifera??o celular ascendente, sem altera??es consider?veis na viabilidade celular ao longo do experimento. A distribui??o das c?lulas nas fases do ciclo celular foi coerente com c?lulas em prolifera??o nos dois grupos. N?o foram observados danos morfol?gicos nucleares no intervalo final do experimento . Deste modo, conclui-se que o protocolo de criopreserva??o proposto ? eficiente para o armazenamento do tipo celular estudado, permitindo a sua utiliza??o em futuros estudos experimentais

Les méthodes d’amélioration des procédures de cryoconservation sont traditionnellement basées sur l’empirisme. Pour s’en démarquer, nous sommes repartis des modèles biophysiques développés pour décrire les procédures en s’appuyant sur 2 méthodes. La 1ère méthode a consisté au développement de techniques de simulation des procédures en caractérisant l’utilisation du Snomax dans l’appareil DSC. Nous avons montré que le contrôle de la température de nucléation (Tn) est possible en choisissant les conditions expérimentales (volume d’échantillon et concentration en Snomax) qui influencent les probabilités de présence de 3 sous-populations d’INA des protéines de P. syringae. La possibilité d’effectuer des simulations a pu être validée pour certaines plages de surfusion dans les solutions de cryoconservation. Ceci a permis la caractérisation des effets physiques influencés par Tn et qui interviennent au cours des procédures et d’alimenter les modèles biophysiques de cryoconservation. La 2ème méthode a consisté à la modification de la composition des solutions afin de réduire le recours au DMSO (cytotoxique) en utilisant des composés de type oligosaccharides : les COS. Après vérification de la biocompatibilité des COS avec des cellules embryonnaires, la caractérisation de l’influence thermodynamique des COS a été effectuée. Il a été montré que les COS sont des cryostabilisateurs qui se lient à une petite quantité de molécule d’eau et n’en affecte pas les propriétés physicochimiques. Les COS peuvent donc être introduits dans le milieu extracellulaire sans risque d’accélérer la déshydratation cellulaire. De plus, il a été montré qu’ils favorisent la gélification du milieu extracellulaire, laquelle est fonction de la proportion massique d’eau en solution résiduelle. Cette gélification fige une partie du système ce qui favorise sa stabilisation au passage des zones de températures à risques de recristallisation / We wished to move aside classical cryopreservation procedure improvements that are based on empiricism and to focus on existing biophysical models in order to describe procedures. We based our study on two methods. The first method consisted in developing the methods for the simulations of procedures, by characterizing the use of Snomax in a DSC device. This study highlighted that the nucleation temperature (Tn) control is possible under precise experimental conditions (sample volume and Snomax concentration) that influence the presence probability of 3 INA subpopulations of the P. syringae protein aggregates. The possibility to simulate the cryopreservation procedures has been achieved for some supercooling ranges within complex cryopreservation solutions. Consequently, it has been possible to characterize the physical effects influenced by Tn and involved within procedures. These results will participate in supplying cryopreservation biophysical models. The second method aimed to modify the composition of cryopreservative solutions in order to reduce the DMSO use (because of its cytotoxicity), using extracellular CPA components: the chitooligosaccharides COS. Subsequent to the biocompatibility verification of the COS with embryonic cells, the thermodynamic influence of the COS has been characterized. Therefore, it has been demonstrated that COS are cryostabilizers that link themselves to a small number of water molecules and does not influence its physicochemical properties. Consequently, COS can be added within the extracellular space without any risk to accelerate the cell dehydration. It has been demonstrated that COS favor the gelation of the extracellular space and that this gelation relies on the mass proportion of water in the residual solution. This gelation immobilizes a part of the system and therefore favor its stabilization when the temperature reaches the risky recrystallization range