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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A Survey Study of Career Ladder System for School Teachers in Pingtung County

Kuo, Hsi-Te 11 September 2002 (has links)
A Survey Study of Career Ladder System for School Teachers in Pingtung County Abstract This study began with a literature review of career ladder system designated & performed by school districts in the United States. Then, it analyzed the contents of draft version for career ladder system suggested by the Ministry of Education, Taiwan. At the same time, it made a reference to empirical studies and interviews in our country, in order to establish career ladder certificate system for teachers. This system would not only benefit teachers to promote their professional status or push those who were in-service teachers, but also could sharpen their teaching skills and strengthen the qualification of teachers. The major purpose of this study was to estimate the feasible models of career ladder certificate system for school teachers in Pingtung County. In addition, they would like to conduct a survey towards the different backgrounds of the educational employees concerned, including the employees in the local education authorities, county councilors, PTA members(all were referred as ¡§non-teaching people¡¨), representatives of teachers¡¦ organization, full-time school teachers, full-time teachers with administrative duties, intern teachers, and substitute teachers. Most significantly, the researcher tried to interpret the subjects¡¦ attitude towards the career ladder certificate system and their perspectives towards the approaches to establish the system. The author, after reviewed the related literature, developed the instrument of questionnaire ¡§A Survey of the Opinions towards the System of Career Ladder and Professional Certification for School Teachers¡¨ and mailed to 1455 subjects in total. 925 of them responded. Then, the data were analyzed through methods of t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, distribution and percentage analysis. The conclusions of this study were as follows: 1.As to the questionnaire, the establishment of career ladder certificate system for teachers could push teachers to study, encourage them to conduct life-long learning, provide career ladder opportunities and reflect on their professional knowledge. 2.The subjects thought that the content of the career ladder certificate system should not be exclusive to one another. Additionally, containing the rules and regulations such as career ladder, terms of service for each ladder , hands-on teaching experiences and the tenure of service in teaching could avoid the system being monopolized by those who were held good relationships. Although the non-teaching people occupied the highest ratio for saying no to the system, they did think that the system was helpful for planning the human resource in schools and for enhancing the quality of teachers. 3.Teachers who worked at a school with a scale of 49~60 classes occupied the highest ratio for supporting the system. 4.On the management of career ladder and certification, the subjects were apt to the way that the central education authorities to develop the codes and regulations for the system and to take on the duties of reviewing and issuing certifications. 5.As for the renewing the tenure of certificates for each ladder, most subjects claimed necessary to have an expiring term to each certificate in order to match the requirements for continuing education and to establish a renewing term system. The renewing term, as the survey showed, ranged from 5 to 10 years. 6.The criteria for promotion among the different ladders and of course their certificates were referred to the followings: the review of applicants¡¦ education and expertise, the credits gained thru in-service education programs, applicant¡¦s creative performance in the design of instructional methods and materials, and the performance of the applicant¡¦s research. 7.When asked about the reviewers in the process of certification, colleague teachers and building principals were the most favored representatives for internal evaluation committee. As for the external evaluation committee, professional education groups and people were trusted the most. 8.Whether or not the career ladder certificate system for school teachers must be established, the subjects chose to set up a hierarchy system for teachers, and three levels of hierarchy were more referred to than the others. 9.As for the reciprocal agreement for career ladder certificate issued by various local education authorities, a high percentage of subjects tended to support that the certificates were universal around the country. 10.In the system of canceling career ladder and certification, it might happen due mainly to three causes: psychological, moral and teaching abilities. Furthermore, it was emphasized that only concrete and substantial evidence should be presented as the basis to make the decisions. 11.As to the difficulties encountered while executing the system of career ladder and certification, the subjects thought that the major doubts were respectively: insufficient support for the career ladder system, the credibility of those who might be responsible for the system, and lack of the codes and regulations concerned. 12.As for the related measures to put the career ladder certificate system into practice, most subjects recommended the establishment of in-service education & training system for teachers, revision of related codes & regulations, modification of teachers¡¦ salary scale, and setting up a task-oriented unit for the system. Based upon the conclusions of this research, the author then proposed suggestions not only to educational authorities, teacher training institution, all levels of schools, but also to the teachers at schools and future researchers. On the other hand, the research also provided a feasible reference for other local education authorities while considering to develop the career ladder certificate system for teachers.
2

The implementation of a football certification system : Overcoming barriers and fulfilling success factors associated with the implementation process

Carlsson, Robert, Ring, Emil January 2012 (has links)
Title: The implementation of a football certification system - Overcoming barriers and fulfilling success factors associated with the implementation process    Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration   Authors: Robert Carlsson & Emil Ring   Supervisor: Jonas Kågström   Date: 2012 – 05   Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate which factors that influence the implementation process regarding a football quality certification system and especially the certification system in Swedish elite football clubs. We will further look into which factors that are perceived as success factors and which factors that are perceived as barriers.   Method: Our study has the starting point from a previous study made by Carlsson (2011), where barriers and success factors in the implementing phase of the Swedish football certification process was investigated. In this study we wish to develop our understanding of different clubs’ experiences of the certification process, we have therefore used a qualitative approach where we have interviewed four clubs’ playing in Allsvenskan (first division in Sweden).   Result & Conclusions: We can conclude that even though the work with the certification system is fairly new for the Swedish elite football clubs, it appears as they have a satisfying insight into the organizational demands’ of the certification system.   One significant success factor identified in the study is the clubs’ attitude towards the system, where positive attitude overcomes the experienced difficulties associated with the process. Other importing factors that have a major impact of the overall result of the process is having the right prerequisites in terms of staff, time and documentation before implementing the certification system in the club.   Contribution of the thesis: This study has contributed to provide an extensive framework of the possible affecting factors when implementing a football specific quality certification system. Further contribution is the identification of two affecting factors not mentioned in the theoretical framework, communication in the establishing phase and geographical location.   Key words: Football certification system, quality improvement, success factors, barriers, implementation process
3

none

Lai, Yi-Mei 22 January 2008 (has links)
Under the rapid evolution of the domestic medical environment, reform of healthcare policies, lift of limitations of medical laws, implementation of national health insurance, and the change of payment systems, domestic medical institutes all perceived the importance of management. For effective management and continuous growth of hospitals, the demand for professionally trained Diplomate of Taiwan College of Healthcare Executives significantly increased and many medical affair management professionals had been cultivated in schools. A licensing system was set up in such background. Having been implemented for several years, this licensing system has shown limited effects. To understand the opinions of medical institutes and governmental departments on the implementation of this system, in-depth interviews were performed on license holders, service receivers, and high-ranking executives in the government to collect opinions from various perspectives and analyze the problems. The research findings showed: 1. Diplomate of Taiwan College of Healthcare Executives are equipped with basic knowledge about medical affair management and hold a positive attitude toward further training, but they still lack practical experience and professional capabilities. Therefore, their contribution to hospital management is limited, and it is urgent to improve the professional capabilities of Diplomate of Taiwan College of Healthcare Executives. 2. Due to the difference between Diplomate of Taiwan College of Healthcare Executives and medical personnel in their work properties and influence on patient¡¦s life, a more conservative view was considered during the enactment of the certification system. 3. As to the position and acquisition of a Diplomate of Taiwan College of Healthcare Executives license, it was suggested that medical affair management be developed into a subspecialty and graded, and test subjects and training courses be planned for each subspecialty and grade.
4

Caracterização dos diamantes da província kimberlítica de Juína (MT), e distritos diamantíferos de Espigão D'Oeste (RO), Cacoal (RO) e Diamantina (MG) /

Filemon, Kelusodi Eduardo. January 2005 (has links)
Resumo: O Sistema de Processo de Certificação de Kimberley foi instituído pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) no ano 2000. O Brasil que ocupa a nona posição no ranking dos paises produtores de diamantes, aderiu a esse acordo internacional que tem servido como um mecanismo de certificação de origem geográfica de diamantes brutos destinados à exportação e importação. Considerando-se a extrema importância na determinação da procedência dos diamantes brutos. Foi desenvolvida a presente pesquisa visando caracterizar lotes representativos de diamantes da província kimberlítica de Juína (MT), e dos distritos de Cacoal (RO), Espigão Dþoeste (RO) e Diamantina (MG), utilizando técnicas de fluorescência, espectroscopia infravermelha, fotoluminescência (PL), ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (EPR) e Raman, além de estudos de morfologia, texturas de superfícies e granulometria. Os dados obtidos, através da análise estatística de populações das quatro áreas diamantíferas estudadas mostraram predomínio de diamantes de cor marrom em Juína, e de pedras incolores nos distritos do Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste e Diamantina. A província de Juína destaca-se pela presença de fragmentos irregulares e raríssimos cristais dodecaedros e octaedros, enquanto nos distritos de Diamantina e de Espigão Dþoeste predominam diamantes com hábito dodecaedro. O comportamento ao infravermelho mostrou, na província kimberlítica de Juína uma proporção elevada de diamantes tipo IIa (15%), diamantes tipo IaB (20%) e diamantes tipo IaAB (65%) apresentando este último, alto estado de agregação do nitrogênio. Os diamantes dos distritos de Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste e Diamantina enquadram-se na classificação do tipo IaAB, variando seu estado de agregação de nitrogênio. Observados sob luz ultravioleta, os diamantes estudados mostraram diferenças nas cores de fluorescência,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In 2000 the United Nations established the Kimberley Process Certification System in order to avoid illegal diamond trading, especially those from the African continent Brazil, which holds the ninth position in the diamonds trading ranking has joined such international agreement that helps as a geographic origin certification mechanism for exporting and importing. Considering the importance in determining the unpolished diamonds origin, the present study have been developed with the aim objective to describe representative diamond amounts or lots from the Kimberlitic Province of Juína (MT), Cacoal (RO) and Espigao Df oeste (RO) and Diamantina (MG) districts. Using spectroscopy techniques, infrared, photoluminescence, electronic paramagnetic resonance and Raman have been used. In addition, other techniques and procedures such as morphology 1 surface roughness and granulometry were applied. Statistical population analysis of four studied diamond bearing areas indicated several particular characteristics. Where some colors highly predominate in a determined region. Brownish colored diamonds are predominant in Juína provence and colorless crystals are present in Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste and Diamantina districts. The irregular habit is predominant in Juina Provence but rarely dodecahedral and octahedral crystals were found. In Diamantina and Espigao Dþoeste. Diamonds with dodecahedral habits are predominant. In the Juina kimberlitic province the infrared analysis have shown a high amount of type IIa (15%), type Iab (20%) and type IaAB (65%) diamonds, the last type bearing high nitrogen aggregation. Cacoal, Espigão Dfoeste and Diamantina diamonds were classified as IaAB type showing variations in the nitrogen aggregate state. Ultraviolet analysis showed different fluorescence colors for each province caused by variable rare-earth elements concentrations... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Orientador: Sebastião Gomes de Carvalho / Coorientador: Yara Galvão Gobato / Banca: Antenor Zanardo / Banca: Washington Barbosa Leite / Banca: Ihosvany Camps Rodríguez / Banca: Leila Cristina Perdoncini / Doutor
5

Factores que influyeron en la disminución de las exportaciones de café de la provincia de La Convención, Cusco hacia Alemania en el marco del TLC Perú – UE durante los años 2008 – 2018

Fernandez Ato, Xiomara Betzabeth, Orellana Camarena, Rodolfo Hans 29 January 2020 (has links)
Las certificaciones como FairTrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance y Utz son las más solicitadas por el mercado de Alemania. Estas certificaciones suponen ser de carácter voluntario, sin embargo, los requisitos de acceso y mantenimiento exige al sistema una regulación constante en materia laboral, social y medioambiental que desencadena en una serie de costos de auditoría e implementación considerablemente elevados. Asimismo, al ser el café un producto commodity está condicionado a las variaciones del precio internacional, lo cual influye en el funcionamiento del sistema. A través de una metodología de enfoque mixto, compuesta por entrevistas semiestructuradas y una regresión lineal múltiple con las principales variables identificadas dentro del periodo planteado en la problemática de la investigación, se analizará la significancia de cada uno de los factores mencionados. El principal resultado en el enfoque cualitativo fue la influencia de los sistemas de certificación como un factor que más impactó al flujo de las exportaciones de café, debido a que sus exigencias requieren de mucha organización a nivel cooperativo u empresarial, además del soporte de todas las instituciones involucradas que promueven las exportaciones de este producto. Bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, el principal hallazgo fue el nivel significativo de correlación de la demanda de café de la economía de Alemania procedente de otros países diferentes a Perú. Se pudo concluir que los tres factores mencionados influyeron en la disminución de las exportaciones de café de La Convención hacia Alemania, principalmente a causa de la demanda procedente de otros países diferentes a Perú. / Certifications such as FairTrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance and Utz are the most requested by the German market. These certifications mean being voluntary, however, the requirements of access and maintenance demanding the system of constant regulation in labor, social and environmental matters that triggers a series of costs of auditing and controlled implementation. Also, since coffee is a basic product, it is conditioned to variations in the international price, which influences the operation of the system. Through a mixed approach methodology, composed of semi-structured interviews and a multiple linear regression with the main variables identified within the period posed in the research problem, analyze the significance of each of the impact factors. The main result in the qualitative approach was the influence of certification systems as a factor that impacts the flow of coffee exports more, due to their demands of a lot of cooperative or business organization, in addition to the support of all the institutions involved that promote exports of this product. Under the quantitative approach, the main finding was the significant level of correlation in the demand for coffee from Germany's economy derived from other countries instead of Peru. It could be concluded that the three factors influenced in the decrease on coffee exports from The Convention to Germany, mainly due to the demand derived from other countries instead of Peru. / Tesis
6

Assessment and analytical framework for sustainable urban planning and development : A comparative study of the city development projects in Knivsta, Norrtälje and Uppsala

Hussein, Wasan January 2016 (has links)
This thesis examines how the three urban development projects: Nydal, Norrtälje Harbor and Rosendal address the energy use in future buildings and how their energy strategies are articulated in relation to requirements specified in the SGBC’s certification system Citylab Action. The building Smaragden in Rosendal has been used as a model of a future building in the two other district areas in order to calculate the energy performance in each project, this by using the energy use simulation software IDA ICE. Further on the energy mix for each district area has been analyzed in order to determine the renewability rate for them. The results shows that the energy performance of Rosendal was 60,8 kWh/m2/year and the heat mix was only 7,92 % renewable. Nydal has an energy performance of 45,4 kWh/m2/year and their heat mix was 76,80 % renewable. Norrtälje Harbor had the energy performance of 70,9 kWh/m2/year and their heat mix had the renewability rate of 79,60 %. Comparing these three projects, the Nydal project was the most sustainable when it came to the energy performance since it had the lowest rate. Norrtälje Harbor had the highest percentage of renewable energy sources for their heat mix since they use almost 100 percent biofuels. Considering the Citylab Action certification, both Norrtälje Harbor and Rosendal have chosen to certificate their urban development projects according to Citylab. The Nydal project has not yet chosen the Citylab Action certification but they are considering the idea of following its principles anyway and may in the future get certificated according to Citylab Action. Looking at the energy strategies of Uppsala-, Norrtälje- and Knivsta municipality, Uppsala had the most structured energy strategy. They have specified clear goals, measures and follow-up process. Knivsta-and Norrtälje municipality are going to develop their energy strategies in the near future.
7

Hur kan arkitekturen påverkas av miljöcertifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad? / How can the environmental certification system Miljöbyggnad affect architecture?

Persson, Victoria, Andersson Hjelm, Nora January 2016 (has links)
Klimatförändringarna på jorden är idag ett faktum. En metod som uppmanar att bygga miljövänligt är miljöcertifieringssystem. I början av 1990-talet började miljöcertifieringssystem att etableras och intresset för miljöcertifieringssystem blev då väldigt stort. Miljöcertifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad utgår från svenska regler och svensk byggpraxis. I detta examensarbete skall det undersökas hur arkitekturen påverkas av miljöcertifieringssystemet Miljöbyggnad. Därför har även studien om arkitektonisk kvalitet beaktas. Detta examensarbete utgår från ett referensobjekt, en sjukhusbyggnad, som skall uppnå nivå GULD inom Miljöbyggnad. Region Örebro län anordnade en arkitekttävling för den nya vårdbyggnaden, H-huset, som skall byggas intill det nuvarande universitetssjukhuset i Örebro. Det var Sweco arkitekter i Örebro som tillsammans med danska AART Architets vann tävlingen.
8

Sistema de certificação da qualidade de edifícios de escritórios no Brasil. / Quality certification system of office buildings in Brazil.

Veronezi, Ana Beatriz Poli 26 March 2004 (has links)
A grande diversidade de classificações empregadas no mercado imobiliário para fazer referência a edifícios de escritórios é flagrante. Para suportar qualquer tomada de decisão relacionada ao produto edifício de escritórios é conveniente que a informação sobre a qualidade desses prédios seja única. Este sistema de certificação da qualidade estratifica o mercado de edifícios de escritórios de forma criteriosa, imparcial e única no âmbito nacional. Os prédios submetidos a este sistema de certificação são classificados de acordo com o estado de determinados atributos. Cada edifício analisado obtém duas classificações: nacional e regional, que são representadas por letras, sendo a classificação nacional seguida da extensão “Br", para distinguir-se da classificação regional. A classificação nacional contempla apenas os atributos físicos da construção, desconsiderando o quesito localização. Na classificação regional, os atributos contemplados são os físicos e a localização do prédio dentro de determinado mercado de escritórios. Em nenhuma delas a gestão do edifício é avaliada. A qualidade do edifício de escritórios analisado é expressa através destas duas classificações em um certificado emitido pelo Núcleo de Real Estate da Escola Politécnica da USP. Os procedimentos e regras para aplicação do sistema em questão foram estabelecidos neste estudo. A perecibilidade de alguns componentes deste sistema de certificação, inclusive dos certificados por ele gerados, foi tratada nesta pesquisa. Rotinas e prazos para atualização destes componentes e para verificação da validade dos certificados também foram definidos. Para desenvolvimento deste sistema de certificação foram feitas pesquisas bibliográficas, entrevistas com participantes do mercado de edifícios brasileiros de escritórios, visitas a edificações do segmento imobiliário enfocado, observações no mercado de prédios de escritórios e arbitragens iniciais, seguidas de testes de validação e calibragem entremeados com sucessivos ajustes. As arbitragens com posterior validação e calibragem foram empregadas para elaboração de alguns dos componentes deste sistema de certificação. As opiniões prevalentes no meio especializado foram utilizadas em importantes arbitragens iniciais. O processo Delphi, combinado com técnicas da Estatística Descritiva, foi empregado para detectar estas opiniões. Esta pesquisa objetiva, com este sistema de certificação, melhorar a qualidade das informações produzidas a respeito dos edifícios brasileiros de escritórios. Suas diretrizes podem ser empregadas para desenvolvimento de pesquisas análogas em outros segmentos do mercado imobiliário, no Brasil e no exterior, e também nesse mesmo nicho de mercado, porém no exterior. / It is notorious how widely ranged are the classifications used at the real estate market to indicate the quality of office buildings. To support any decision related to the office building product it is convenient to have one and only information regarding the quality of these buildings. This quality certification system stratify the office buildings market in a discerning, impartial and single way at the national sphere. The buildings submitted to this certification system are classified considering the conditions of some attributes. Each evaluated building get two classifications: one national and another regional, both represented by letters. The national classification has the extension “Br" to be distinguished from the regional classification. The national classification takes into account only the physical attributes of the construction, without regards to its location. The regional classification considers the building’s physical attributes and its location in a specific office market area. On both classifications the building management is not evaluated. The quality of the appraised office building is represented by these two classifications in a certificate issued by the Real Estate Research Group of the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo (Núcleo de Real Estate da Escola Politécnica da USP). This system’s appliance procedures and rules were established in this study. Some of this system’s components are perishable including the issued certificates. This subject was treated in this research. Routines and terms were also defined to be applied to bring these components up to date and to verify the certificate’s validity. The procedures followed to elaborate this certification system were: library researches, interviews with participants of the office buildings market in Brazil, visits to edifications of this real estate market division, observations in the office buildings market and initial arbitrations, followed by validation and calibration tests and adjustments. The arbitrations were applied to elaborate some components of this certification system. The prevalent opinions in the specialized ambiency were used in important arbitrations. The Delphi process combined with Describing Statistic practices were applied to find out these opinions. This research intends to improve the quality of the information produced about office buildings in Brazil. Its guidelines may be used to develop similar researches in other divisions of the real estate market in Brazil or in foreign countries, and also in this same market section but abroad.
9

Caracterização dos diamantes da província kimberlítica de Juína (MT), e distritos diamantíferos de Espigão D'Oeste (RO), Cacoal (RO) e Diamantina (MG)

Filemon, Kelusodi Eduardo [UNESP] 18 November 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-11-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:43:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 filemon_ke_dr_rcla.pdf: 3595270 bytes, checksum: fe777c131792428b6cb28f195196ddad (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O Sistema de Processo de Certificação de Kimberley foi instituído pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) no ano 2000. O Brasil que ocupa a nona posição no ranking dos paises produtores de diamantes, aderiu a esse acordo internacional que tem servido como um mecanismo de certificação de origem geográfica de diamantes brutos destinados à exportação e importação. Considerando-se a extrema importância na determinação da procedência dos diamantes brutos. Foi desenvolvida a presente pesquisa visando caracterizar lotes representativos de diamantes da província kimberlítica de Juína (MT), e dos distritos de Cacoal (RO), Espigão Dþoeste (RO) e Diamantina (MG), utilizando técnicas de fluorescência, espectroscopia infravermelha, fotoluminescência (PL), ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (EPR) e Raman, além de estudos de morfologia, texturas de superfícies e granulometria. Os dados obtidos, através da análise estatística de populações das quatro áreas diamantíferas estudadas mostraram predomínio de diamantes de cor marrom em Juína, e de pedras incolores nos distritos do Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste e Diamantina. A província de Juína destaca-se pela presença de fragmentos irregulares e raríssimos cristais dodecaedros e octaedros, enquanto nos distritos de Diamantina e de Espigão Dþoeste predominam diamantes com hábito dodecaedro. O comportamento ao infravermelho mostrou, na província kimberlítica de Juína uma proporção elevada de diamantes tipo IIa (15%), diamantes tipo IaB (20%) e diamantes tipo IaAB (65%) apresentando este último, alto estado de agregação do nitrogênio. Os diamantes dos distritos de Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste e Diamantina enquadram-se na classificação do tipo IaAB, variando seu estado de agregação de nitrogênio. Observados sob luz ultravioleta, os diamantes estudados mostraram diferenças nas cores de fluorescência,... / In 2000 the United Nations established the Kimberley Process Certification System in order to avoid illegal diamond trading, especially those from the African continent Brazil, which holds the ninth position in the diamonds trading ranking has joined such international agreement that helps as a geographic origin certification mechanism for exporting and importing. Considering the importance in determining the unpolished diamonds origin, the present study have been developed with the aim objective to describe representative diamond amounts or lots from the Kimberlitic Province of Juína (MT), Cacoal (RO) and Espigao Df oeste (RO) and Diamantina (MG) districts. Using spectroscopy techniques, infrared, photoluminescence, electronic paramagnetic resonance and Raman have been used. In addition, other techniques and procedures such as morphology 1 surface roughness and granulometry were applied. Statistical population analysis of four studied diamond bearing areas indicated several particular characteristics. Where some colors highly predominate in a determined region. Brownish colored diamonds are predominant in Juína provence and colorless crystals are present in Cacoal, Espigão Dþoeste and Diamantina districts. The irregular habit is predominant in Juina Provence but rarely dodecahedral and octahedral crystals were found. In Diamantina and Espigao Dþoeste. Diamonds with dodecahedral habits are predominant. In the Juina kimberlitic province the infrared analysis have shown a high amount of type IIa (15%), type Iab (20%) and type IaAB (65%) diamonds, the last type bearing high nitrogen aggregation. Cacoal, Espigão Dfoeste and Diamantina diamonds were classified as IaAB type showing variations in the nitrogen aggregate state. Ultraviolet analysis showed different fluorescence colors for each province caused by variable rare-earth elements concentrations... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
10

Sistema de certificação da qualidade de edifícios de escritórios no Brasil. / Quality certification system of office buildings in Brazil.

Ana Beatriz Poli Veronezi 26 March 2004 (has links)
A grande diversidade de classificações empregadas no mercado imobiliário para fazer referência a edifícios de escritórios é flagrante. Para suportar qualquer tomada de decisão relacionada ao produto edifício de escritórios é conveniente que a informação sobre a qualidade desses prédios seja única. Este sistema de certificação da qualidade estratifica o mercado de edifícios de escritórios de forma criteriosa, imparcial e única no âmbito nacional. Os prédios submetidos a este sistema de certificação são classificados de acordo com o estado de determinados atributos. Cada edifício analisado obtém duas classificações: nacional e regional, que são representadas por letras, sendo a classificação nacional seguida da extensão “Br”, para distinguir-se da classificação regional. A classificação nacional contempla apenas os atributos físicos da construção, desconsiderando o quesito localização. Na classificação regional, os atributos contemplados são os físicos e a localização do prédio dentro de determinado mercado de escritórios. Em nenhuma delas a gestão do edifício é avaliada. A qualidade do edifício de escritórios analisado é expressa através destas duas classificações em um certificado emitido pelo Núcleo de Real Estate da Escola Politécnica da USP. Os procedimentos e regras para aplicação do sistema em questão foram estabelecidos neste estudo. A perecibilidade de alguns componentes deste sistema de certificação, inclusive dos certificados por ele gerados, foi tratada nesta pesquisa. Rotinas e prazos para atualização destes componentes e para verificação da validade dos certificados também foram definidos. Para desenvolvimento deste sistema de certificação foram feitas pesquisas bibliográficas, entrevistas com participantes do mercado de edifícios brasileiros de escritórios, visitas a edificações do segmento imobiliário enfocado, observações no mercado de prédios de escritórios e arbitragens iniciais, seguidas de testes de validação e calibragem entremeados com sucessivos ajustes. As arbitragens com posterior validação e calibragem foram empregadas para elaboração de alguns dos componentes deste sistema de certificação. As opiniões prevalentes no meio especializado foram utilizadas em importantes arbitragens iniciais. O processo Delphi, combinado com técnicas da Estatística Descritiva, foi empregado para detectar estas opiniões. Esta pesquisa objetiva, com este sistema de certificação, melhorar a qualidade das informações produzidas a respeito dos edifícios brasileiros de escritórios. Suas diretrizes podem ser empregadas para desenvolvimento de pesquisas análogas em outros segmentos do mercado imobiliário, no Brasil e no exterior, e também nesse mesmo nicho de mercado, porém no exterior. / It is notorious how widely ranged are the classifications used at the real estate market to indicate the quality of office buildings. To support any decision related to the office building product it is convenient to have one and only information regarding the quality of these buildings. This quality certification system stratify the office buildings market in a discerning, impartial and single way at the national sphere. The buildings submitted to this certification system are classified considering the conditions of some attributes. Each evaluated building get two classifications: one national and another regional, both represented by letters. The national classification has the extension “Br” to be distinguished from the regional classification. The national classification takes into account only the physical attributes of the construction, without regards to its location. The regional classification considers the building’s physical attributes and its location in a specific office market area. On both classifications the building management is not evaluated. The quality of the appraised office building is represented by these two classifications in a certificate issued by the Real Estate Research Group of the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo (Núcleo de Real Estate da Escola Politécnica da USP). This system’s appliance procedures and rules were established in this study. Some of this system’s components are perishable including the issued certificates. This subject was treated in this research. Routines and terms were also defined to be applied to bring these components up to date and to verify the certificate’s validity. The procedures followed to elaborate this certification system were: library researches, interviews with participants of the office buildings market in Brazil, visits to edifications of this real estate market division, observations in the office buildings market and initial arbitrations, followed by validation and calibration tests and adjustments. The arbitrations were applied to elaborate some components of this certification system. The prevalent opinions in the specialized ambiency were used in important arbitrations. The Delphi process combined with Describing Statistic practices were applied to find out these opinions. This research intends to improve the quality of the information produced about office buildings in Brazil. Its guidelines may be used to develop similar researches in other divisions of the real estate market in Brazil or in foreign countries, and also in this same market section but abroad.

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