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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Association of Newborn Screening Analytes with Type of Delivery Among Preterm and Term Births

Yau, Jessica 15 January 2019 (has links)
Introduction: Several factors have been observed to influence the value of newborn screening analytes (NBS) and should be adjusted for in the interpretation of blood spot samples. The thesis aimed to examine the association of NBS with 1) mode of delivery among term infants and 2) clinical subtypes (i.e., spontaneous onset of labour) of birth among preterm infants. Methods: A retrospective population-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine associations between NBS and mode of delivery among term infants and subtypes among preterm infants. Results: 1) Metabolic profiles of infants born by planned cesarean delivery differ from those born by vaginal delivery following spontaneous onset of labour and 2) Metabolic profiles of preterm infants did not differ by clinical subtype. Conclusions: Our findings conclude that mode of delivery is an important covariate to consider in future modelling studies, but the inclusion of preterm birth subtypes is less compelling.
42

The development and evaluation of a health promotion program for pregnant women aimed at addressing rates of caesarean section / Ruth Walker.

Walker, Ruth Ballance January 2002 (has links)
"May 2002" / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 267-289) / xvii, 290, [69] leaves : ill., plates ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Depts. of Public Health and General Practice, 2002
43

A Hierarchical Analysis of Trial of Labour in Ontario: Do Women, Doctors or Hospitals Choose?

Wise, Michelle Rosanne 29 July 2010 (has links)
Background: Few studies have determined the contribution of maternity care provider and hospital factors to the variation in Trial of Labour (TOL) and successful TOL rates. Objective: To determine sources of variation in TOL and successful TOL rates at the provider and/or hospital level. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 12,170 women with previous caesarean who gave birth in Ontario in 2007. Hierarchical linear model was used to determine variation in rates by provider and hospital characteristics, adjusting for maternal characteristics, and for clustering of data. Results: TOL rate was 23%; successful TOL rate 75%. Women attending family doctors and female doctors for prenatal care were more likely to have TOL. There were no provider factors associated with successful TOL. Women giving birth at teaching hospitals were more likely to have TOL and successful TOL. Conclusions: Policies aimed at prenatal care providers and hospitals could impact the low TOL rate.
44

A Hierarchical Analysis of Trial of Labour in Ontario: Do Women, Doctors or Hospitals Choose?

Wise, Michelle Rosanne 29 July 2010 (has links)
Background: Few studies have determined the contribution of maternity care provider and hospital factors to the variation in Trial of Labour (TOL) and successful TOL rates. Objective: To determine sources of variation in TOL and successful TOL rates at the provider and/or hospital level. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 12,170 women with previous caesarean who gave birth in Ontario in 2007. Hierarchical linear model was used to determine variation in rates by provider and hospital characteristics, adjusting for maternal characteristics, and for clustering of data. Results: TOL rate was 23%; successful TOL rate 75%. Women attending family doctors and female doctors for prenatal care were more likely to have TOL. There were no provider factors associated with successful TOL. Women giving birth at teaching hospitals were more likely to have TOL and successful TOL. Conclusions: Policies aimed at prenatal care providers and hospitals could impact the low TOL rate.
45

Perfil das mães com história de repetição de cesárea no Estado de São Paulo / Profile of mothers with repeat cesarean delivery in São Paulo

Brunacio, Karoline Honorato 05 March 2015 (has links)
Introdução: A cesárea vem aumentando progressivamente no Brasil e no mundo. Dentre os fatores associados a esse evento, destaca-se a cesárea prévia. Embora a maioria dos partos realizados em mulheres com história de cesárea seja cirúrgico, autores tem demonstrado altos índices de partos vaginais após cesárea - PVAC com baixa incidência de complicações. Diante do alarmante crescimento das taxas de cesárea, o presente estudo objetiva identificar a proporção e o perfil das mães com história de repetição de cesárea - RC no Estado de São Paulo, em 2012. Métodos: Os dados provenientes do Sistema de Informações Sobre Nascidos Vivos foram vinculados aos do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde. Os resultados a respeito das características das mães com história de RC foram analisados segundo características da gestação, do recém-nascido RN e segundo tipo do hospital do parto. Os dados foram descritos na forma de medidas de proporção (frequências), com diferenças entre variáveis de interesse verificadas pelos testes de proporção e de médias (nível de significância de 5 por cento ). Resultados: Foram estudados 273.329 nascidos vivos de mães com pelo menos um filho anterior. Destes, 43 por cento nasceram por RC e 7,4 por cento por PVAC. As mães que realizaram CR são mais velhas e mais escolarizadas e os RNs nascidos desse grupo apresentaram menor proporção de baixo peso ao nascer. O início do pré-natal no primeiro trimestre e a realização de 7 ou mais consultas de pré-natal foi mais frequente no grupo CR. Termo precoce foi a classificação mais frequente para idade gestacional dos que nasceram por CR. Em contrapartida, os RNs por parto vaginal apresentaram maiores proporções de termo tardio do que aqueles por repetição de cesárea. A RC foi mais frequente nos hospitais sem vínculo com o Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS (44,1 por cento ). Dentre esses, a maioria (54,3 por cento ) teve idade gestacional classificada como termo precoce. Somente o grupo SUS alcança uma melhor proporção de termo pleno (46,5 por cento ), contudo esse grupo tem a frequência mais elevada de termos tardios (10,9 por cento ). Conclusão: As altas taxas de cesárea de repetição, principalmente no setor privado, evidenciam a necessidade de melhoras no modelo de atenção ao parto no Estado de São Paulo. / Background: Cesarean section has been progressively increasing in Brazil and worldwide. Among the factors associated with this event stands out a prior cesarean delivery. Although most deliveries in women with a prior cesarean delivery is surgical, authors have demonstrated high levels of vaginal births after cesarean - VBAC with low incidence of complications. Given the alarming increase in cesarean rates, this study aims to identify the proportion and profile of mothers with repeat cesarean delivery - RCD in the State of São Paulo, in 2012. Methods: Data from Live Births Information Systems were linked to the National Health Establishments Registration. The results about the characteristics of mothers with RCD were analyzed according to characteristics of pregnancy, newborn and type of maternity hospital. Data were presented in the form of proportion measures (frequencies), with differences between variables of interest verified by the proportion and average tests (5 per cent significance level). Results: 273 329 live births of mothers with at least one previous child were studied. 43 per cent of these were born by RCD and 7.4 per cent by PVAC. Mothers who underwent RCD are older and more highly educated and newborn infants in this group had a lower incidence of low birth weight. The beginning of prenatal care in the first trimester and the realization of 7 or more prenatal visits was more frequent in the RCD group. Early term was the most frequent rating for gestational age born by RCD. In contrast, newborns by vaginal delivery had greater proportions of late term than those by repeat cesarean. The RCD was more common in hospitals not affiliated with the Unified Health System - UHS (44.1 per cent ). In these, the majority (54.3 per cent ) of newborn had gestational age of early term. Only the UHS group achieves a better proportion of full term (46.5 per cent ), however, this group has the highest frequency of late terms (10.9 per cent ). Conclusion: The high repeat cesarean rates, especially in the private sector, highlight the need for improvements in childbirth care model in São Paulo.
46

Perfil das mães com história de repetição de cesárea no Estado de São Paulo / Profile of mothers with repeat cesarean delivery in São Paulo

Karoline Honorato Brunacio 05 March 2015 (has links)
Introdução: A cesárea vem aumentando progressivamente no Brasil e no mundo. Dentre os fatores associados a esse evento, destaca-se a cesárea prévia. Embora a maioria dos partos realizados em mulheres com história de cesárea seja cirúrgico, autores tem demonstrado altos índices de partos vaginais após cesárea - PVAC com baixa incidência de complicações. Diante do alarmante crescimento das taxas de cesárea, o presente estudo objetiva identificar a proporção e o perfil das mães com história de repetição de cesárea - RC no Estado de São Paulo, em 2012. Métodos: Os dados provenientes do Sistema de Informações Sobre Nascidos Vivos foram vinculados aos do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde. Os resultados a respeito das características das mães com história de RC foram analisados segundo características da gestação, do recém-nascido RN e segundo tipo do hospital do parto. Os dados foram descritos na forma de medidas de proporção (frequências), com diferenças entre variáveis de interesse verificadas pelos testes de proporção e de médias (nível de significância de 5 por cento ). Resultados: Foram estudados 273.329 nascidos vivos de mães com pelo menos um filho anterior. Destes, 43 por cento nasceram por RC e 7,4 por cento por PVAC. As mães que realizaram CR são mais velhas e mais escolarizadas e os RNs nascidos desse grupo apresentaram menor proporção de baixo peso ao nascer. O início do pré-natal no primeiro trimestre e a realização de 7 ou mais consultas de pré-natal foi mais frequente no grupo CR. Termo precoce foi a classificação mais frequente para idade gestacional dos que nasceram por CR. Em contrapartida, os RNs por parto vaginal apresentaram maiores proporções de termo tardio do que aqueles por repetição de cesárea. A RC foi mais frequente nos hospitais sem vínculo com o Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS (44,1 por cento ). Dentre esses, a maioria (54,3 por cento ) teve idade gestacional classificada como termo precoce. Somente o grupo SUS alcança uma melhor proporção de termo pleno (46,5 por cento ), contudo esse grupo tem a frequência mais elevada de termos tardios (10,9 por cento ). Conclusão: As altas taxas de cesárea de repetição, principalmente no setor privado, evidenciam a necessidade de melhoras no modelo de atenção ao parto no Estado de São Paulo. / Background: Cesarean section has been progressively increasing in Brazil and worldwide. Among the factors associated with this event stands out a prior cesarean delivery. Although most deliveries in women with a prior cesarean delivery is surgical, authors have demonstrated high levels of vaginal births after cesarean - VBAC with low incidence of complications. Given the alarming increase in cesarean rates, this study aims to identify the proportion and profile of mothers with repeat cesarean delivery - RCD in the State of São Paulo, in 2012. Methods: Data from Live Births Information Systems were linked to the National Health Establishments Registration. The results about the characteristics of mothers with RCD were analyzed according to characteristics of pregnancy, newborn and type of maternity hospital. Data were presented in the form of proportion measures (frequencies), with differences between variables of interest verified by the proportion and average tests (5 per cent significance level). Results: 273 329 live births of mothers with at least one previous child were studied. 43 per cent of these were born by RCD and 7.4 per cent by PVAC. Mothers who underwent RCD are older and more highly educated and newborn infants in this group had a lower incidence of low birth weight. The beginning of prenatal care in the first trimester and the realization of 7 or more prenatal visits was more frequent in the RCD group. Early term was the most frequent rating for gestational age born by RCD. In contrast, newborns by vaginal delivery had greater proportions of late term than those by repeat cesarean. The RCD was more common in hospitals not affiliated with the Unified Health System - UHS (44.1 per cent ). In these, the majority (54.3 per cent ) of newborn had gestational age of early term. Only the UHS group achieves a better proportion of full term (46.5 per cent ), however, this group has the highest frequency of late terms (10.9 per cent ). Conclusion: The high repeat cesarean rates, especially in the private sector, highlight the need for improvements in childbirth care model in São Paulo.
47

Ultrazvuková charakteristika dutiny břišní v průběhu 6 tydnů po císařském řezu / Sonographic characteristics of the abdomen within 6 weeks following cesarean section

Dosedla, Erik January 2017 (has links)
Caesarean section is one of the most frequently performed surgery in medicine. The Cesarean section scar in the uterus can lead to a number of pathological conditions which affect the women reproductive health. In industrialized countries, this issue relates to at least 30% of women, which means that it is a major medical problem. Ultrasound examination of the uterus after Cesarean section includes some specific features, resulting from the rapidly changing dimensions of the uterus, as well as from patient compliance in early puerperium. When dealing with postpartum complications, it is necessary to know the normal ultrasound findings and the dynamic changes of the uterus during puerperium, so that we can better distinguish between the pathological course and the normal course of puerperium. The clinical significance of ultrasound assessment of uterine size and area of the scar after Caesarean section during the postpartum is not yet adequately described. The knowledge of normal ultrasound findings in the uterus after Caesarean section could be helpful in choosing the right treatment in severe cases. We were watching the clinical outcomes of treatment of abnormal Cesarean section scars after their laparoscopic reconstruction. In our study, we have shown that the examination of uterus in early...
48

Cost effectiveness of intravenous patient controlled analgesia versus intrathecal morphine for post-operative pain after caesarean section: a randomised controlled trial

Yu, Sui-cheung., 俞瑞昌. January 2005 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health
49

Rede de atenção ao nascimento e fatores de risco associados ao parto cesáreo em três regiões de saúde do Estado de São Paulo / Birth care network and risk factors associated with caesarean section in the three Regional Health Department (DRS) of the State of São Paulo.

Raspantini, Priscila Ribeiro 25 July 2012 (has links)
Introdução - A taxa de cesárea no Estado de São Paulo está próxima de alcançar 60 por cento e a curva da última década mostra uma tendência de crescimento anual de 2 por cento . Objetivo Caracterizar a rede de assistência ao parto e identificar fatores de risco para o parto cesáreo. Métodos - Estudo retrospectivo, tipo corte transversal, dos nascidos vivos hospitalares de mães residentes dos DRS de Baixada Santista (BS), Grande São Paulo (GSP) e São José do Rio Preto (SJRP) ocorridos no ano de 2009. Utilizou-se os bancos de dados do SINASC e do CNES. Foram avaliadas as variáveis referentes: as mães, as gestações, os recém-nascidos, os municípios de residência das mães, e hospitais de parto. Foram utilizadas análises bivariadas, razão de prevalência e Teste Qui-quadrado; e análise multivariada, utilizando a técnica de regressão logística. Resultados - O porte dos municípios e a rede de hospitais que prestaram assistência ao nascimento diferiram consideravelmente entre os DRS. A rede SUS foi responsável por 74 por cento do nascimentos da BS, 62 por cento na GSP e 83 por cento de SJRP, portanto a rede privada teve maior participação na GSP. Os nascimentos da BS e SJRP ocorreram na sua maior parte em hospitais de médio volume de partos, enquanto na GSP a maior parte ocorreu em hospitais com grande volume de partos. A prevalência do parto cesáreo foi de 58 por cento na BS, 53 por cento na GSP e 80 por cento em SJRP. Os fatores de risco nos três DRS foram: mães em idade avançada, mães com alta escolaridade, mães primíparas; gravidez múltipla; ter feito 7 consultas ou mais de pré-natal; RN de raça/cor branca; e, nascer em hospitais não-SUS. Destes, merecem destaque as variáveis nascer em hospitais não SUS e gravidez múltiplaque apresentaram maiores valores de OR. Nos DRS da BS e GSP, também foram fatores de risco: nascer fora do município de residência e nascer em hospitais SUS não-públicos. Outras características só foram fator de risco para o DRS da GSP: nascer pré-termo; nascer com BPN e nascer em hospitais com baixo ou grande volume de partos. Conclusão - As diferenças existentes entre as redes de assistência ao nascimento dos DRS estudados refletiram nos fatores de risco associados ao parto cesáreo nestes DRS, de forma com que o conjunto de fatores de risco envolvidos no parto cesáreo fosse distinto para cada DRS. / Introduction - The Cesarean section rates in the state of São Paulo is close to achieve 60 per cent and the curve of the last decade shows a trend of annual increase of 2 per cent . Objective To characterize the network birth care and to identify cesarean risk factors. Methods- Retrospective study, in transversal cut, of hospitals live birth, which mothers lived in the DRS of the Baixada Santista (BS), Grande São Paulo (GSP) and São José do Rio Preto (SJRP), at the year of 2009. The SINASC and the CNES data bank was used. The variables related to: mothers, pregnancies, newborns, district of mother\'s residence, and birth hospitals were evaluated. bivariate analyzes, prevalence ratios and chi-square were used, as the multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results - The districts size and the hospitals network that provided the birth assistance were considerably different among the DRS. The SUS network was responsable for 74 per cent of the BS\' births, 62 per cent of the GSP\'s births and 83 per cent of the SJRP\'s births. Therefore, the private network was more participative in the GPS. The births at the BS and at the SJRP ocurred, mostly, at Hospitals with average childbirth volume, while at the GSP the biggest part ocurred at hospitals with large volume of births. The cesarean section prevalence was 58 per cent at the BS, 53 per cent at the GSP and 80 per cent at the SJRP. Risk factors in those three DRS were: older mothers, mothers with high education, first-time mothers, multiple pregnancies, seven or more pre-natal care visits, newborn race/ caucasian, and birth at a non SUS hospitals. The variables birth at a non SUS hospital\'\' and multiple pregnancy deserve to be highlighted, since they showed the higher rates of fetal death. Being born outside the residence area or in a non SUS hospital were also risk factors at the BS and the GSP. Preterm birth, being born with low birth weight and birth in hospitals with low or high volume of deliveries were risk factors only at the GSP\'s Regional Health Department. Conclusion The diferences between the birth care networks in each DRS reflects in the risk factors associated with cesarean section. Because of that, the set of risk factors associated with cesarean section were different to each DRS.
50

Rede de atenção ao nascimento e fatores de risco associados ao parto cesáreo em três regiões de saúde do Estado de São Paulo / Birth care network and risk factors associated with caesarean section in the three Regional Health Department (DRS) of the State of São Paulo.

Priscila Ribeiro Raspantini 25 July 2012 (has links)
Introdução - A taxa de cesárea no Estado de São Paulo está próxima de alcançar 60 por cento e a curva da última década mostra uma tendência de crescimento anual de 2 por cento . Objetivo Caracterizar a rede de assistência ao parto e identificar fatores de risco para o parto cesáreo. Métodos - Estudo retrospectivo, tipo corte transversal, dos nascidos vivos hospitalares de mães residentes dos DRS de Baixada Santista (BS), Grande São Paulo (GSP) e São José do Rio Preto (SJRP) ocorridos no ano de 2009. Utilizou-se os bancos de dados do SINASC e do CNES. Foram avaliadas as variáveis referentes: as mães, as gestações, os recém-nascidos, os municípios de residência das mães, e hospitais de parto. Foram utilizadas análises bivariadas, razão de prevalência e Teste Qui-quadrado; e análise multivariada, utilizando a técnica de regressão logística. Resultados - O porte dos municípios e a rede de hospitais que prestaram assistência ao nascimento diferiram consideravelmente entre os DRS. A rede SUS foi responsável por 74 por cento do nascimentos da BS, 62 por cento na GSP e 83 por cento de SJRP, portanto a rede privada teve maior participação na GSP. Os nascimentos da BS e SJRP ocorreram na sua maior parte em hospitais de médio volume de partos, enquanto na GSP a maior parte ocorreu em hospitais com grande volume de partos. A prevalência do parto cesáreo foi de 58 por cento na BS, 53 por cento na GSP e 80 por cento em SJRP. Os fatores de risco nos três DRS foram: mães em idade avançada, mães com alta escolaridade, mães primíparas; gravidez múltipla; ter feito 7 consultas ou mais de pré-natal; RN de raça/cor branca; e, nascer em hospitais não-SUS. Destes, merecem destaque as variáveis nascer em hospitais não SUS e gravidez múltiplaque apresentaram maiores valores de OR. Nos DRS da BS e GSP, também foram fatores de risco: nascer fora do município de residência e nascer em hospitais SUS não-públicos. Outras características só foram fator de risco para o DRS da GSP: nascer pré-termo; nascer com BPN e nascer em hospitais com baixo ou grande volume de partos. Conclusão - As diferenças existentes entre as redes de assistência ao nascimento dos DRS estudados refletiram nos fatores de risco associados ao parto cesáreo nestes DRS, de forma com que o conjunto de fatores de risco envolvidos no parto cesáreo fosse distinto para cada DRS. / Introduction - The Cesarean section rates in the state of São Paulo is close to achieve 60 per cent and the curve of the last decade shows a trend of annual increase of 2 per cent . Objective To characterize the network birth care and to identify cesarean risk factors. Methods- Retrospective study, in transversal cut, of hospitals live birth, which mothers lived in the DRS of the Baixada Santista (BS), Grande São Paulo (GSP) and São José do Rio Preto (SJRP), at the year of 2009. The SINASC and the CNES data bank was used. The variables related to: mothers, pregnancies, newborns, district of mother\'s residence, and birth hospitals were evaluated. bivariate analyzes, prevalence ratios and chi-square were used, as the multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results - The districts size and the hospitals network that provided the birth assistance were considerably different among the DRS. The SUS network was responsable for 74 per cent of the BS\' births, 62 per cent of the GSP\'s births and 83 per cent of the SJRP\'s births. Therefore, the private network was more participative in the GPS. The births at the BS and at the SJRP ocurred, mostly, at Hospitals with average childbirth volume, while at the GSP the biggest part ocurred at hospitals with large volume of births. The cesarean section prevalence was 58 per cent at the BS, 53 per cent at the GSP and 80 per cent at the SJRP. Risk factors in those three DRS were: older mothers, mothers with high education, first-time mothers, multiple pregnancies, seven or more pre-natal care visits, newborn race/ caucasian, and birth at a non SUS hospitals. The variables birth at a non SUS hospital\'\' and multiple pregnancy deserve to be highlighted, since they showed the higher rates of fetal death. Being born outside the residence area or in a non SUS hospital were also risk factors at the BS and the GSP. Preterm birth, being born with low birth weight and birth in hospitals with low or high volume of deliveries were risk factors only at the GSP\'s Regional Health Department. Conclusion The diferences between the birth care networks in each DRS reflects in the risk factors associated with cesarean section. Because of that, the set of risk factors associated with cesarean section were different to each DRS.

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