O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento de grupos homogêneos de indivíduos com relação às viagens encadeadas, usando um minerador de dados. Vários aspectos das viagens encadeadas foram representados através da extensão do processo de codificação inicialmente proposto por Ichikawa (2002). Foram codificados os aspectos como seqüência de atividades realizadas por cada indivíduo, modo de viagem, período do dia em que cada viagem foi realizada e tempo de viagem. O minerador de dados usado neste trabalho foi Árvore de Decisão e Classificação, uma ferramenta de análise disponível no software S-Plus 2000. A análise baseou-se na pesquisa origem-destino realizada pelo METRÔ-SP na região metropolitana de São Paulo, por meio de entrevistas domiciliares, em 1987. Concluiu-se que variáveis socioeconômicas podem explicar o comportamento relacionado a viagens encadeadas, indicando que minerador de dados pode ter um papel importante na análise do comportamento relacionado às viagens encadeadas. / The main aim of this work is to analyze the behavior of homogeneous groups of individuals regarding the chained trips by using a data miner. Several aspects of chained trips were represented through the extension of the coding process initially proposed by Ichikawa (2002). Aspects such as sequence of activities performed by each individual, travel mode, period of the day in which each trip occurs, and travel time were coded. The data miner used in this work was Decision and Classification Tree, an analysis tool available in S-Plus 2000 software package. The analysis was based on the origin-destination home-interview survey carried out by METRÔ-SP in São Paulo metropolitan area, in 1987. The main finding is that the socioeconomic variables can explain the behavior related to the chained trips, indicating that data miner can play an important role in the analysis of the behavior related to the chained trips.

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é identificar se e como as áreas urbanas interferem nos padrões de viagens encadeadas dos viajantes urbanos. Para atingir os objetivos, as diferenças e similaridades notadas entre os principais grupos socioeconômicos das áreas urbanas em relação aos padrões de viagens encadeadas serão discutidas. O método para comparação dos comportamentos relacionados às viagens encadeadas baseia-se na compatibilização das variáveis das três áreas e posterior aplicação do minerador de dados denominado Árvore de Decisão e Classificação, disponível no pacote estatístico S-Plus 6.1. As viagens encadeadas foram representadas através da codificação inicialmente proposta por Ichikawa (2002) e ampliada por Pitombo (2003). Foram codificados os motivos, modos e período do dia em que cada viagem foi realizada. A análise foi baseada nas pesquisas origem-destino realizadas na região metropolitana de São Paulo pelo Metrô-SP, em 1997, na região metropolitana de Belém pela JICA/Governo do Estado do Pará, em 2000, e na cidade de Bauru pela EMDURB, em 1997. Concluiu-se que, em geral, o comportamento de viajantes urbanos são influenciados pelas políticas urbanas regionais, características socioeconômicas e espaciais de cada região. / The main aim of this work is to identify whether and how the urban areas interfere in the urban trips makers\'trip chaining pattern. For attaining the aims, the differences and similarities observed among the behaviour of trip makers belonging to the main socioeconomic groups living in the three urban areas will be discussed. The method to compare the behavior related to trip chaining is based on the compatibilization of the variables of three areas and subsequent application of the data miner named Decision and Classification Tree, available in the S-Plus 6.1 statistical package. The chained trips were coded by using the process initially proposed by Ichikawa (2002) and amplified later by Pitombo (2003). The trip purpose, travel mode and period of the day in which each trip occurs were coded. The analysis was based on the origin-destination home-interview surveys carried out in São Paulo Metropolitan Area by Metrô-SP, in 1997, Belém Metropolitan Area by JICA/Pará State Government, in 2000, and Bauru city by EMDURB, in 1997. The main finding is that urban trip makers\'behaviour are affected by regional urban policy, socioeconomic features and geographical characteristics of each area.

.Wireless Sensor Networks importance is rapidly increasing and becoming a vital element in the process of gathering information in almost every scientific and practical aspect, but since the sensor node is usually a small device and has a battery with very limited life, power consumption is turning out to be the main drawback of this significant technology thus a lot of work and researches is going on to find new ways to reduce the power needed to operate those sensors. One of the main power consuming functionality of this technology is the wireless transmission of the data that the sensors collect across the fields [5][6]. In order to overcome this restriction, many proposals have been made to create an optimal algorithm that can guide the way each sensor node transmit it's data in order to reduce the power needed for the transmission process. This research focuses on creating a simplified scheduling algorithm that can break up the transmission waves into chains of nodes, so that each node transmits the data that has been collected to the best available node around, and so on till the information is propagated to the main server that collects all the information and analyze them.This newly proposed algorithm takes many attributes into considerations, but the main ones are the geographical information and the load that each senor node carries. A simulation model has been created to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm and to compare how close the results to the ideal network configuration are.

Transparent electrodes (TEs) require materials that have both transparency and electrical conductivity, a combination not usually found in nature. They are in increasing demand for use in solar cells, touch screens, displays, transparent heating films and several other devices. Most TEs used today are made of indium tin oxide (ITO). However, it has several disadvantages, such as high fabrication cost, rigidity and brittleness. Many ITO alternatives are being pursued, among which metallic nanowire (NW) networks on transparent substrates such as glass or polymer, have received much attention. This thesis demonstrates ordered silver NW networks on polyimide, fabricated by the field-directed chaining technique. We achieved a sheet resistance of 27 Ω/sq and 95.4% transparency at 550nm, with a Figure of Merit (FOM) 0.023Ω-1, which is higher than the FOM of commercial ITO, 0.005Ω-1. We have demonstrated that ordered NW networks, directed by alternative current (AC) electric fields, are easy to fabricate over a large area and at low cost, on rigid and flexible substrates. The AC electric field changes with different experiment setup. In this work, the effect of polymer thickness, electric field frequency, and gap size between electrodes are explored by COMSOL simulation and validated experimentally. By choosing the appropriate frequency and gap size, ordered NW networks are successfully created on a 23μm polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet. Fluid motion is one of the disruptors during NW chaining. We demonstrate control of this disruptor by the use of sandwiched channels for the NW suspension. Post-fabrication treatments are important and necessary for improving the connectivity and conductivity of Ag NW networks. In this work, we explore Joule heating and show its potential to improve the conductivity over other post-treatment approaches. However, Joule heating can also cause failures of NW networks. Ordered NW networks present better optical-electrical properties than random NW networks. Post-fabrication treatment can improve the properties, but there is a limit. In this work, a mathematical model is built for optical-electrical properties of perfectly ordered NW networks, which sets the upper bound of performance for transparent electrodes made of NW networks. A linear relationship is found between the transmittance and inverse sheet resistance. The model is then modified with factors to account for departure from the ideal. / Graduate / 2019-12-12

Service Function Chaining (SFC) enriches the network functionalities to fulfill the increasing demand of value-added services. By leveraging SDN and NFV for SFC, it becomes possible to meet the demand fluctuation and construct a dynamic SFc. However, the integration of SDN with NFV requires packet header modifications, generates excessive network traffics, and induces additional I/O overheads for packet processing. These additional overheads result in a lower system performance, scalability, and agility. To improve the system performance, a co-optimized solution is proposed to implemented NF to achieve a better performance for software-based network functions. To improve the system scalability, a many-field packet classification is proposed to support a more complex ruleset. To improve the system agility, a network function-enabled switch is proposed to lower the network function content switching time. The experiment results show that the performance of a network function is improved by 8 times by leveraging GPU as a parallel computation platform. Moreover, the matching speed to steer network traffics with many-field ruleset is improved by 4 times with the proposed many-field packet classification algorithm. Finally, the proposed system is able to improve system bandwidth 5 times better compared the native solution and maintain the content switch time with the proposed SFC implementation using SDN and NFV.

CARNEIRO, Waltersar José de Mesquita. O encadeamento argumentativo na teoria da argumentação na língua. 2006. 96f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2006. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-19T14:34:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_wjmcarneiro.pdf: 5814790 bytes, checksum: bb8edfbf825c3989550872826cfe1b0c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-19T16:39:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_wjmcarneiro.pdf: 5814790 bytes, checksum: bb8edfbf825c3989550872826cfe1b0c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-19T16:39:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_wjmcarneiro.pdf: 5814790 bytes, checksum: bb8edfbf825c3989550872826cfe1b0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / This paper presents a theoretical discussion on the Theory of Argumentation within Language – TAL, such as proposed by Oswald Ducrot and his collaborators. Our main objective is to investigate how the fundamental principles of TAL have been used by authors who deal with the notion of argumentative chaining. Since the publication of "The Argumentation within Language", in 1983, by Anscombre and Ducrot, some TAL basic principles have been modified, with direct consequences to the notion of argumentative chaining. Thus, this paper aims at checking if the authors who have been using TAL principles have followed the relevant modifications to the basic theory. In order to limit the scope of our work to the argumentation field, we have looked at the historical background of the discussions on the topic, from the first uses of the term in the Classic Antiquity ‘myths’ to the postulation of the Theory of Argumentation within Language. On each historical moment of the reflection on argumentation, we checked which principles have influenced Ducrot’s theory. As a corpus for this study, we selected some theoretical books in the areas of Textual Linguistics and Discourse Analysis. Those texts contain references to concepts derived from Ducrot’s theory, which allowed us to observe how concepts such as “argumentative operator” and “polyphony” have been used in these books, and above all to check if such concepts have followed, in these texts, all the theoretical reformulations that mark TAL theory. / A presente dissertação apresenta uma discussão teórica sobre a Teoria da Argumentação na Língua – TAL, teoria apresentada por Oswald Ducrot e colaboradores. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é verificar como os pressupostos da TAL têm sido utilizados por autores que tratam da noção de encadeamento argumentativo. Como a Tal passou, desde a publicação de “A argumentação na língua”, em 1983 por Anscombre e Ducrot, por modificações em alguns de seus pressupostos, que interferiram diretamente na noção de encadeamento argumentativo, buscamos verificar se os autores que utilizaram os pressupostos da TAL acompanharam as respectivas alterações da teoria. Com o propósito de delimitar a área de abrangência de nosso trabalho dentro do campo da argumentação, fizemos um percurso histórico sobre o tema, partindo dos primeiros usos do termo, através dos ‘mitos’ da Antiguidade Clássica até a postulação da Teoria da Argumentação na Língua. A cada momento histórico do tratamento da argumentação, verificamos quais postulados influenciaram a teoria ducrotiana. Selecionamos como objeto de verificação algumas obras teóricas da área da Lingüística Textual e da área da Análise do Discurso, que nos permitiram, pelo fato de conterem referências a conceitos advindos da teoria ducrotiana, verificar de que forma conceitos como ‘operador argumentativo’ e ‘polifonia’ foram utilizados nessas obras, observando principalmente se elas acompanharam todas as reformulações teóricas que caracterizam a própria TAL.

Programa Institucional de CapacitaÃao Docente e TÃcnica / A presente dissertaÃÃo apresenta uma discussÃo teÃrica sobre a Teoria da ArgumentaÃÃo na LÃngua â TAL, teoria apresentada por Oswald Ducrot e colaboradores. O objetivo principal deste trabalho à verificar como os pressupostos da TAL tÃm sido utilizados por autores que tratam da noÃÃo de encadeamento argumentativo. Como a Tal passou, desde a publicaÃÃo de âA argumentaÃÃo na lÃnguaâ, em 1983 por Anscombre e Ducrot, por modificaÃÃes em alguns de seus pressupostos, que interferiram diretamente na noÃÃo de encadeamento argumentativo, buscamos verificar se os autores que utilizaram os pressupostos da TAL acompanharam as respectivas alteraÃÃes da teoria. Com o propÃsito de delimitar a Ãrea de abrangÃncia de nosso trabalho dentro do campo da argumentaÃÃo, fizemos um percurso histÃrico sobre o tema, partindo dos primeiros usos do termo, atravÃs dos âmitosâ da Antiguidade ClÃssica atà a postulaÃÃo da Teoria da ArgumentaÃÃo na LÃngua. A cada momento histÃrico do tratamento da argumentaÃÃo, verificamos quais postulados influenciaram a teoria ducrotiana. Selecionamos como objeto de verificaÃÃo algumas obras teÃricas da Ãrea da LingÃÃstica Textual e da Ãrea da AnÃlise do Discurso, que nos permitiram, pelo fato de conterem referÃncias a conceitos advindos da teoria ducrotiana, verificar de que forma conceitos como âoperador argumentativoâ e âpolifoniaâ foram utilizados nessas obras, observando principalmente se elas acompanharam todas as reformulaÃÃes teÃricas que caracterizam a prÃpria TAL. / This paper presents a theoretical discussion on the Theory of Argumentation within Language â TAL, such as proposed by Oswald Ducrot and his collaborators. Our main objective is to investigate how the fundamental principles of TAL have been used by authors who deal with the notion of argumentative chaining. Since the publication of "The Argumentation within Language", in 1983, by Anscombre and Ducrot, some TAL basic principles have been modified, with direct consequences to the notion of argumentative chaining. Thus, this paper aims at checking if the authors who have been using TAL principles have followed the relevant modifications to the basic theory. In order to limit the scope of our work to the argumentation field, we have looked at the historical background of the discussions on the topic, from the first uses of the term in the Classic Antiquity âmythsâ to the postulation of the Theory of Argumentation within Language. On each historical moment of the reflection on argumentation, we checked which principles have influenced Ducrotâs theory. As a corpus for this study, we selected some theoretical books in the areas of Textual Linguistics and Discourse Analysis. Those texts contain references to concepts derived from Ducrotâs theory, which allowed us to observe how concepts such as âargumentative operatorâ and âpolyphonyâ have been used in these books, and above all to check if such concepts have followed, in these texts, all the theoretical reformulations that mark TAL theory.

Geoinformatics field of science becomes more and more important nowadays. This is not only because it is crucial for industry, but it also plays more important role in consumer electronics than ever before. The ongoing demand for complex solutions gave a rise to SOA1 architecture in enterprise and geographical field. The topic that is currently being studied is interoperability between different geospatial services. This paper makes a proposal for a master thesis that tries to add another way of chaining different geospatial services. It describes the current state of knowledge, possible research gap and then goes into the details on design and execution part. Final stage is the summary of expected outcomes. The result of this proposal is a clearly defined need for a research in the outlined area of knowledge. / Contact details: email: dawidnejman@gmail.com phone: +48 511-139-190

In this thesis, we address the problem of service function chaining in a network. Currently, problems of chaining services in a network (i.e. service function chaining) can be broadly categorised into middlebox placement in a network and packet steering through middleboxes. In this work, we present a packet steering approach - One Pass Packet Steering (OPPS) - for use in multi-subscriber environments, with the aim that subscribers having similar policy chain composition should experience the same network performance. We develop and show algorithms with a proof of concept implementation using emulations performed with Mininet. We identify challenges and examine how OPPS could benefit from the Software Defined Data Center architecture to overcome these challenges. Our results show that, given a fixed topology and different sets of policy chains containing the same middleboxes, the end-to-end delay and throughput performance of subscribers using similar policy chains remains approximately the same. Also, we show how OPPS can use a smaller number of middleboxes and yet, achieve the same hop count as that of a reference model described in a previous work as ideal, without violating the subscribers' policy chains.

Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) research has produced some successful statistical tracking systems. While lexical chaining, a non-statistical approach, has also been applied to the task of tracking by Carthy and Stokes for the 2001 TDT evaluation, an efficient tracking system based on this technology has yet to be developed. In thesis we investigate two new techniques which can improve Carthy's original design. First, at the core of our system is a semantic domain chainer. This chainer relies not only on the WordNet database for semantic relationships but also on Magnini's semantic domain database, which is an extension of WordNet. The domain-chaining algorithm is a linear algorithm. Second, to handle proper nouns, we gather all of the ones that occur in a news story together in a chain reserved for proper nouns. In this thesis we also discuss the linguistic limitations of lexical chainers to represent textual meaning.