Background: One of ten women in Sweden will at some point in her life get breast cancer. In today's society, more women than ever before suffer from breast cancer, but the chance of survival increases. As a nurse, it is important to have knowledge about the woman's experiences of breast cancer in order to provide as optimal and individualized care possible. Aim: The aim of the study was to elucidate how the woman experience the first time with breast cancer. Method: A literature-based method is used to bring out the woman´s experiences of getting breast cancer. The results of the studies were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis consists of five steps. The analysis resulted in four themes and twelve subthemes. Results: The results showed that the woman are in great need of support, feeling anxiety and fear, experiencing an altered self-image, and that treatment hinders. Conclusion: The conclusion showed that regardless of the situation, it was important for the woman that someone always was there for them as support. An important aspect was the need for information to reduce fear and anxiety. Breast cancer affecting the whole of the woman's lives and she strove to reclaim as much as possible of her previous life. This could be difficult because of fatigue and other major changes the woman experienced after the treatments, both physically and mentally.

Large discrepancies remain regarding the timing of Cenozoic paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental transitions in the central Asia. The first order driving force behind these changes has been intensively debated. Global climate change, the uplift of Tibetan Plateau, and the evolution of Paratethys sea have been proposed as three major candidates. To understand the evolutionary history of climate and environment of the region and controlling factors responsible for these paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental changes, a combined study utilizing multiple proxies, including microfossils, bulk carbonate carbon and oxygen isotopes, long chain alkenones, plant n-alkane-based indices (carbon preference index, average chain length and Paq) and compound-specific carbon and hydrogen isotopes of higher plant n-alkanes, was carried out on a long, continuous and well-dated section in Dahonggou, Qaidam Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau. A parallel study was also carried out in another relatively shorter section in the Xunhua Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau. Six intervals of paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental transitions over an interval of ~35 Myr can be recognized in the studied sections, including Late Eocene-Early Oligocene gradual drying (prior to ~30 Ma), Middle Oligocene aridification (~30-26 Ma), Late Oligocene-Early Miocene wetting (~26-21 Ma), Early Miocene drying (~21-17 Ma), Middle Miocene climatic optimum (~17-13 Ma), and deteriorated climate since the late Middle Miocene (~13 Ma onwards). The reconstructed onsite C4 plant abundance including occurrence of C4 plants and their thriving and the followed decreasing, a sensitive indicator of available moisture level in the environment, agrees well with these intervals. Microfossils and long-chain alkenones suggest that a relic sea existed in the Qaidam Basin during the Middle Miocene, thus falsifying any hypothesis of significant variations in elevations of northern Tibetan Plateau prior to the Middle Miocene. The relatively stable elevations since the Eocene and before the Middle Miocene of, respectively, the central-southern part and northern part of the Plateau reveals an insignificant role of Tibetan Plateau uplift in controlling the evolution of central Asian climate and environment during the early Cenozoic. However, the Middle Miocene marine transgression and the rapid plateau-scale uplift since the late Middle Miocene probably contributed to the Middle Miocene climatic optimum and the initiated aridification afterwards in the central Asia. A comparison of proxy records in the northern Tibetan Plateau with the global benthic oxygen isotope record suggests a tight relation between the climatic/environmental transitions in the central Asia and global climatic changes. This lends support to the hypothesis that global climate, by controlling the moisture supply to the continental interior, played the dominant role in the evolution of climate and environment of central Asia during the Cenozoic time. / published_or_final_version / Earth Sciences / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Firms are reliant on a suitable fit between the firm and their business environment. Simultaneously environments globally become increasingly unpredictable, jeopardizing firms’ ability to develop and implement strategic directions to achieve a suitable fit. To tackle this challenge theorists call for increased flexibility in strategic processes by increasing strategic flexibility. However, the two concepts of strategy and flexibility work as opposing forces of change and stability. This study aims to explore the complex interplay between the two detached concepts in two large Swedish companies Saab and Ericsson. This paper embraces a qualitative method with semi-structured interviews combining deductive and inductive approaches to analyze the interplay between strategy and flexibility. Earlier theorists within strategic flexibility academia primarily focused on providing a resolution of definitional differences; therefore this study provides a new theoretical framework, comprised of a strategy as a plan approach combined with acknowledging strategic decisions in various intra-firm levels. Findings from this study indicate that firms should constantly consider four different trade-offs: decentralized versus centralized control, valuing short-term versus valuing long-term strategies, relying on individual experience versus planning to manage changes and product- versus market-driven strategies to achieve a beneficial interplay between strategy and flexibility.