The problems with the crack length determination by the unloading compliance method are well known for Charpy size specimens. The final crack lengths calculated for bent specimens do not fulfil ASTM 1820 accuracy requirements. Therefore some investigations have been performed to resolve this problem. In those studies it was considered that measured compliance should be corrected for various factors, but satisfying results were not attained. In the presented work the problem was attacked from the other side, the measured specimen compliance was taken as a correct value and what had to be adjusted was the calculation procedure. On the basis of experimentally obtained compliances of bent specimens and optically measured crack lengths the investigation was carried out. Finally, a calculation procedure enabling accurate crack length calculation up to 5mm of plastic deflection was developed. Applying the new procedure, out of investigated 238 measured crack lengths, more than 80% of the values fulfilled the ASTM 1820 accuracy requirements, while presently used procedure provided only about 30% of valid results. The newly proposed procedure can be also prospectively used in modified form for the specimens of different than Charpy size.

Submitted by VINICIUS SOUZA MORAIS null (vinicius.souza.morais@gmail.com) on 2016-08-19T14:49:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Vinicius Souza Morais.pdf: 8282472 bytes, checksum: 64f0af45a29590e87cec66a93963523a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-08-19T19:01:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 morais_vs_dr_ilha.pdf: 8282472 bytes, checksum: 64f0af45a29590e87cec66a93963523a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T19:01:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 morais_vs_dr_ilha.pdf: 8282472 bytes, checksum: 64f0af45a29590e87cec66a93963523a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-24 / Desde a antiguidade os seres humanos vêm buscando aprimorar o uso de materiais em seu favor, buscando conferir vantagens de aspectos diversos. Aliado à necessidade de experimentação de novos materiais os softwares simuladores foram impulsionados e conferiram uma poderosa ferramenta da atualidade. A partir desta premissa, a inserção de conhecimento, princípios de estudo e aprendizado, principalmente no que tange a modelagem de ensaios mecânicos como o de tração e de impacto destrutivo Charpy foram realizados. Posteriormente uma máquina de ensaio destrutivo do tipo Charpy foi confeccionada e instrumentada analógico-digitalmente. De posse de bons resultados da máquina, a mesma foi utilizada no comparativo entre teoria e prática a partir de diferentes materiais, possibilitando que tais dados em forma de tabelas e gráficos serem confrontados com resultados obtidos através de simulações com o software comercial. Ensaios de Tração foram realizados em máquinas universais em diferentes materiais metálicos e compósitos (fibras naturais e sintéticas), coletados seus devidos dados e posteriormente confrontados com a literatura e software comercial. Os resultados oriundos das fibras naturais, principalmente do bambu, surtiram efeitos interessantes proporcionando uma maior resistência, leveza e redução no custo para sua produção. / Since ancient times humans have sought to improve the use of materials in their favor, seeking to confer advantages in many aspects. Together with the need to experiment with new materials simulators were driven software and gave a powerful tool today. From this premise, the inclusion of knowledge, study and learning principles, especially regarding the modeling of mechanical tests such as tensile and Charpy destructive impact were performed. Later, a destructive test machine Charpy type was made and analog-digitally instrumented. Possession of good results of the machine, it was used in the comparison between theory and practice from different materials, enabling such data in tables and graphs are faced with results obtained through simulations with commercial software. Tensile tests were performed on machines in different metal materials and composites (natural and synthetic fibers) collected their proper data and subsequently confronted with the literature and commercial software. The results derived from natural fibers, mainly bamboo, have heightened interesting effects providing greater strength, light weight and reduced cost for production.

Orientador: Newton Luiz Dias Filho / Resumo: Desde a antiguidade os seres humanos vêm buscando aprimorar o uso de materiais em seu favor, buscando conferir vantagens de aspectos diversos. Aliado à necessidade de experimentação de novos materiais os softwares simuladores foram impulsionados e conferiram uma poderosa ferramenta da atualidade. A partir desta premissa, a inserção de conhecimento, princípios de estudo e aprendizado, principalmente no que tange a modelagem de ensaios mecânicos como o de tração e de impacto destrutivo Charpy foram realizados. Posteriormente uma máquina de ensaio destrutivo do tipo Charpy foi confeccionada e instrumentada analógico-digitalmente. De posse de bons resultados da máquina, a mesma foi utilizada no comparativo entre teoria e prática a partir de diferentes materiais, possibilitando que tais dados em forma de tabelas e gráficos serem confrontados com resultados obtidos através de simulações com o software comercial. Ensaios de Tração foram realizados em máquinas universais em diferentes materiais metálicos e compósitos (fibras naturais e sintéticas), coletados seus devidos dados e posteriormente confrontados com a literatura e software comercial. Os resultados oriundos das fibras naturais, principalmente do bambu, surtiram efeitos interessantes proporcionando uma maior resistência, leveza e redução no custo para sua produção. / Abstract: Since ancient times humans have sought to improve the use of materials in their favor, seeking to confer advantages in many aspects. Together with the need to experiment with new materials simulators were driven software and gave a powerful tool today. From this premise, the inclusion of knowledge, study and learning principles, especially regarding the modeling of mechanical tests such as tensile and Charpy destructive impact were performed. Later, a destructive test machine Charpy type was made and analog-digitally instrumented. Possession of good results of the machine, it was used in the comparison between theory and practice from different materials, enabling such data in tables and graphs are faced with results obtained through simulations with commercial software. Tensile tests were performed on machines in different metal materials and composites (natural and synthetic fibers) collected their proper data and subsequently confronted with the literature and commercial software. The results derived from natural fibers, mainly bamboo, have heightened interesting effects providing greater strength, light weight and reduced cost for production. / Doutor

The problems with the crack length determination by the unloading compliance method are well known for Charpy size specimens. The final crack lengths calculated for bent specimens do not fulfil ASTM 1820 accuracy requirements. Therefore some investigations have been performed to resolve this problem. In those studies it was considered that measured compliance should be corrected for various factors, but satisfying results were not attained. In the presented work the problem was attacked from the other side, the measured specimen compliance was taken as a correct value and what had to be adjusted was the calculation procedure. On the basis of experimentally obtained compliances of bent specimens and optically measured crack lengths the investigation was carried out. Finally, a calculation procedure enabling accurate crack length calculation up to 5mm of plastic deflection was developed. Applying the new procedure, out of investigated 238 measured crack lengths, more than 80% of the values fulfilled the ASTM 1820 accuracy requirements, while presently used procedure provided only about 30% of valid results. The newly proposed procedure can be also prospectively used in modified form for the specimens of different than Charpy size.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Since the conception of three dimensional (3D) printing circa 40 years ago, there has been the proliferation of several additive manufacturing (AM) technologies that enable its use in everyday applications such as aerospace, medicine, military, oil and gas and infrastructure. In order to improve its applicability and growth, 3D printed materials are subjected to the same or even higher levels of scrutiny for its mechanical behavior as its conventionally manufactured counterpart. One of the most important mechanical properties is toughness or the ability of a material to undergo large strain prior to fracture when loaded. The toughness of a material can be correlated to its impact energy or the increase in internal energy due to impact. In this study, the impact properties, including the toughness of 3D printed 15-5 stainless steel were investigated at low temperature (77 K), room temperature (298 K) and high temperature (723 K) using experimental and numerical modeling of the Charpy impact test. In addition, ballistic impact simulations were performed to determine the applicability of 3D printed 15-5 stainless steel in the defense industry. The 15-5 stainless steel specimens were printed (horizontal-build) using the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique, cooled or heated to the specified temperature, then tested in accordance with the ASTM E23-2016b [1] standard. The Johnson-Cook (J-C) phenomenological material model and fracture parameters were used in the numerical modeling. The cross-sectional microstructures of surfaces and impact energies of the Charpy impact test were examined. For the ballistic impact simulations, a 3D printed 15-5 stainless steel typical plate was investigated at the same temperatures as the Charpy impact test. A typical missile using the J-C properties at room temperature (298 K) was assigned an initial velocity of 300 ms-1 for each plate temperature. The fracture surface investigation (microsurface analysis as well as visual inspection) and impact energy values of the Charpy impact test show that the 3D printed 15-5 stainless steel exhibited brittle behavior at low and room temperatures, but transitioned into a more ductile behavior at high temperature. At 77 K, 298 K and 723 K, the experimental Charpy impact test results were 0.00 J/cm2, 6.78±4.07 J/cm2 and 50.84±3.39 J/cm2 respectively; whereas the simulated impact energy were 1.05 J/cm2, 10.46 J/cm2 and 47.07 J/cm2 respectively. Hence, the impact energy for the experimental and numerical simulations were in good agreement; especially at higher temperatures. Consistent with the results from the Charpy impact test, the ballistic impact simulations show an increase in the impact energy, elastic plastic strain and deflection of the plate with an increase in temperature indicating brittle-to-ductile behavior. The high exit velocity at low and room temperature may not make the plate attractive in defense in its current configuration; however, at the high temperature, the exit velocity reduction was significant.

No description available.

O presente trabalho visou determinar a tenacidade à fratura dinâmica, KID, primeiramente pelos conceitos da Mecânica da Fratura Elástica Linear (MFEL) e posteriormente pela Mecânica da Fratura Elasto-Plástica (MFEP), JID, em materiais que em operação podem estar sujeitos a impactos em diferentes temperaturas. Os materiais estudados, de uso na indústria aeronáutica, foram uma liga de titânio Ti6Al4V (norma SAE AMS 4911), na condição recozida e uma liga de aço inoxidável PH 15-5 (norma SAE AMS 5659), na condição H1000. Os corpos de prova pré-trincados e entalhados foram retirados nas orientações L-T e L-S, a fim de que fossem determinadas e comparadas a relação tenacidade/densidade ou tenacidade específica dos materiais estudados. Em seguida os corpos de prova foram ensaiados sob condições de carga dinâmica em uma máquina de ensaio Charpy instrumentado, marca Instron-Wolpert PW30, conforme a norma ASTM-E23, com velocidade de carregamento de 5,52 m/s e nas temperaturas de 23 e 400ºC. Os valores das tenacidades, posteriormente comparados e correlacionados, foram obtidos de acordo com as expressões matemáticas mencionadas na literatura. A razão entre as energias estimadas de iniciação (Ei) e de propagação (Ep), (Ei/Ep), foi obtida a partir dos gráficos de carga-deslocamento x tempo. A determinação e caracterização dos aspectos macro e microscópicos da fratura foram realizadas através de microscopia ótica e de varredura. Em seguida, confrontaram-se os valores e os aspectos preponderantes dos mecanismos de fratura apresentados por cada material. / The present work aimed to evaluate the dynamic fracture toughness, KID, firstly using the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics parameter, (LEFM), and secondly using the Elasto-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM), JID. The materials used in this work are from aeronautic grade and are subjected to in service impact loads and temperature variation. The materials are a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (standard SAE AMS 4911), in the annealed condition and a PH 15-5 stainless steel (standard SAE AMS 5659), H1000 condition. Both precracked and notched specimens were taken in the L-T and L-S directions, for the evaluation and comparison of the toughness/density ratio, i. e., the specific dynamic fracture toughness of the materials studied. Therefore, the specimens were tested under dynamic load using an Instron-Wolpert PW30 Instrumented Charpy Equipment, following the ASTM-E23 standard, with load speed of 5,52 m/s at 23 and 400ºC. The fracture toughness values were compared using mathematical expression from literature. The ration between the initiation (Ei) and propagation (Ep) energies, (Ei/Ep), was obtained from the load-displacement x time. The characterization of the macro and microscopic aspects of the fracture mechanisms were carried out using optical microscope and scan electronic microscope. The fracture toughness values and the fractographic observations were correlated and compared for the two materials studied.

O presente trabalho visou determinar a tenacidade à fratura dinâmica, KID, primeiramente pelos conceitos da Mecânica da Fratura Elástica Linear (MFEL) e posteriormente pela Mecânica da Fratura Elasto-Plástica (MFEP), JID, em materiais que em operação podem estar sujeitos a impactos em diferentes temperaturas. Os materiais estudados, de uso na indústria aeronáutica, foram uma liga de titânio Ti6Al4V (norma SAE AMS 4911), na condição recozida e uma liga de aço inoxidável PH 15-5 (norma SAE AMS 5659), na condição H1000. Os corpos de prova pré-trincados e entalhados foram retirados nas orientações L-T e L-S, a fim de que fossem determinadas e comparadas a relação tenacidade/densidade ou tenacidade específica dos materiais estudados. Em seguida os corpos de prova foram ensaiados sob condições de carga dinâmica em uma máquina de ensaio Charpy instrumentado, marca Instron-Wolpert PW30, conforme a norma ASTM-E23, com velocidade de carregamento de 5,52 m/s e nas temperaturas de 23 e 400ºC. Os valores das tenacidades, posteriormente comparados e correlacionados, foram obtidos de acordo com as expressões matemáticas mencionadas na literatura. A razão entre as energias estimadas de iniciação (Ei) e de propagação (Ep), (Ei/Ep), foi obtida a partir dos gráficos de carga-deslocamento x tempo. A determinação e caracterização dos aspectos macro e microscópicos da fratura foram realizadas através de microscopia ótica e de varredura. Em seguida, confrontaram-se os valores e os aspectos preponderantes dos mecanismos de fratura apresentados por cada material. / The present work aimed to evaluate the dynamic fracture toughness, KID, firstly using the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics parameter, (LEFM), and secondly using the Elasto-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM), JID. The materials used in this work are from aeronautic grade and are subjected to in service impact loads and temperature variation. The materials are a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V (standard SAE AMS 4911), in the annealed condition and a PH 15-5 stainless steel (standard SAE AMS 5659), H1000 condition. Both precracked and notched specimens were taken in the L-T and L-S directions, for the evaluation and comparison of the toughness/density ratio, i. e., the specific dynamic fracture toughness of the materials studied. Therefore, the specimens were tested under dynamic load using an Instron-Wolpert PW30 Instrumented Charpy Equipment, following the ASTM-E23 standard, with load speed of 5,52 m/s at 23 and 400ºC. The fracture toughness values were compared using mathematical expression from literature. The ration between the initiation (Ei) and propagation (Ep) energies, (Ei/Ep), was obtained from the load-displacement x time. The characterization of the macro and microscopic aspects of the fracture mechanisms were carried out using optical microscope and scan electronic microscope. The fracture toughness values and the fractographic observations were correlated and compared for the two materials studied.

Abstract Quality control is an essential part of manufacturing, and the different properties of the products can be tested with standardized methods. If the decision of qualification is based on only one test specimen representing a batch of products, the testing procedure is quite straightforward. However, when the measured property has a high variability within the product, as usual, several test specimens are needed for the quality verification. When a quality property is predicted, the response value of the model that most effectively finds the critical observations should naturally be selected. In this thesis, it has been shown that LIB-transformation (Larger Is Better) is a suitable method for multiple test samples, because it effectively recognizes especially the situations where one of the measurements is very low. The main contribution of this thesis is to show how to model quality of phenomena that consist of several measurement samples for each observation. The process contains several steps, beginning from the selection of the model type. Prediction of the exceedance probability provides more information for the decision making than that of the mean. Especially with the selected application, where the quality property has no optimal value, but the interest is in adequately high value, this approach is more natural. With industrial applications, the assumption of constant variance should be analysed critically. In this thesis, it is shown that exceedance probability modelling can benefit from the use of an additional variance model together with a mean model in prediction. The distribution shape modelling improves the model further, when the response variable may not be Gaussian. As the proposed methods are fundamentally different, the model selection criteria have to be chosen with caution. Different methods for model selection were considered and commented, and EPS (Exceedance Probability Score) was chosen, because it is most suitable for probability predictors. This thesis demonstrates that especially a process with high diversity in its production and more challenging distribution shape gains from the deviation modelling, and the results can be improved further with the distribution shape modelling. / Tiivistelmä Laadunvalvonnalla on keskeinen rooli teollisessa tuotannossa. Valmistettavan tuotteen erilaisia ominaisuuksia mitataan standardin mukaisilla testausmenetelmillä. Testi on yksinkertainen, jos tuotteen laatu varmistetaan vain yhdellä testikappaleella. Kun testattava ominaisuus voi saada hyvin vaihtelevia tuloksia samastakin tuotteesta, tarvitaan useita testikappaleita laadun varmistamiseen. Tuotteen laatuominaisuuksia ennustettaessa valitaan malliin vastemuuttuja, joka tehokkaimmin tunnistaa laadun kannalta kriittiset havainnot. Tässä väitöskirjassa osoitetaan, että LIB-transformaatio (Large Is Better) tunnistaa tehokkaasti erityisesti tilanteet, joissa yksi mittauksista on hyvin matala. Tämän väitöskirja vastaa kysymykseen, kuinka mallintaa laatua, kun tutkittavasta tuotteesta tarvitaan useita testinäytteitä. Mallinnusprosessi koostuu useista vaiheista alkaen mallityypin valinnasta. Alitusriskin mallinnuksen avulla saadaan enemmän informaatiota päätöksenteon tueksi perinteisen odotusarvomallinnuksen sijaan, etenkin jos laatutekijältä vaaditaan vain riittävän hyvää tasoa optimiarvon sijaan. Teollisissa sovelluksissa ei voida useinkaan olettaa, että vasteen hajonta olisi vakio läpi prosessin. Tässä väitöskirjassa osoitetaan että alitusriskin ennustamistarkkuus paranee, kun odotusarvon lisäksi mallinnetaan myös hajontaa. Jakaumamuodon mallilla voidaan parantaa ennustetarkkuutta silloin, kun vastemuuttuja ei noudata Gaussin jakaumaa. Koska ehdotetut mallit ovat perustaltaan erilaisia, täytyy myös mallin valintakriteeri valita huolella. Työssä osoitetaan, että EPS (Exceedance Probability Score) toimii parhaiten käytetyillä todennäköisyyttä ennustavilla malleilla. Tässä väitöskirjassa osoitetaan, että erityisesti silloin kun tuotantoprosessi on monimuotoinen ja laatumuuttujan jakaumamuoto on haastava, mallinnuttaminen hyötyy hajontamallin käytöstä, ja tuloksia voidaan parantaa jakaumamuodon mallilla.

[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades mecânicas, físicas e microestruturais de materiais compósitos cimentícios reforçados por fibras naturais e de laminados de bambu. O trabalho experimental foi direcionado para a determinação da tenacidade. Para se determinar a tenacidade foram utilizados três tipos de ensaios: impacto Charpy, impacto balístico e flexão em 3 pontos. Após os ensaios, a superfície de fratura dos corpos-de-prova foi analisada por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Esta análise microestrutural serviu para determinar os modos de fratura e validar as hipóteses feitas nos modelos matemáticos utilizados. Foram usados modelos adaptados da literatura para a determinação da tenacidade e os valores teóricos obtidos foram confrontados com os experimentais. Determinou-se também através de modelos encontrados na literatura a tensão interfacial de todas as fibras utilizadas nesta pesquisa. Os modelos empregados para calcular a tenacidade e a tensão de adesão interfacial, se mostraram eficientes e válidos. Em segundo plano, porém não menos importante, ficou a determinação das propriedades térmicas dos materiais utilizados. Foram efetuados ensaios de condutividade térmica do compósito e ensaios termogravimétricos das fibras vegetais e do bambu. Os compósitos cimentícios foram reforçados por diferentes fibras naturais: polpa refinada de bambu (CPB), polpa de sisal (CPS), polpa de eucalipto (CPE), fibras curtas de sisal (CPFS) e wollastonita (CPW). As proporções das polpas de bambu, sisal e eucalipto utilizadas como reforço nas matrizes cimentícias foram de 8 por cento e 14 por cento em relação à massa do cimento, a da fibra curta de sisal (25 mm) foi de 3 por cento em relação ao volume e a da wollastonita foi de 11,5 por cento em relação à massa. Compóstios híbridos feitos com wollastonita e polpa de bambu (CPBW) foram também produzidos apenas variando a proporção da polpa de bambu em 8 por cento e 14 por cento e mantendo fixa a da wollastonita em 11,5 por cento. Como uma tentativa de se melhorar a resistência ao impacto, laminados CPB/AL foram também fabricados colando duas chapas de alumínio (liga 5052 H34) de espessura 0,8 mm em ambas às faces dos compósitos reforçados por fibra de bambu, formando assim compósitos sanduíche (CPBA). O bambu Moso (Phyllostachys heterocycla pubescens) com 5 anos de idade foi usado para fabricação dos laminados de bambu, sendo tratado com água fervida para a prevenção de ataques biológicos. Técnicas para a extração do laminado a partir de seu formato natural foram estudadas estabelecendo suas vantagens e desvantagens. Para o ensaio de impacto foram utilizados corpos-de-prova com dimensão nominal de 120 mm x 15 mm x 6 mm perfazendo um total de 18 corpos-de-prova. Para o de flexão foram realizados ensaios com uma lâmina simples de bambu (BL) e bambu laminado colado (BLC) com 3 camadas de lâminas dispostas ortogonalmente. Os resultados dos testes de impacto Charpy e flexão em 3 pontos comprovaram a boa tenacidade do bambu laminado quando submetido a cargas de impacto (42,54 kJ/m2) e a cargas estáticas (19,77 kJ/m2 para o laminado e 17,63 kJ/m2 para o laminado colado). Compósitos sanduíche constituídos de alumínio e laminados de bambu foram também fabricados. Estes foram analisados através de ensaios de impacto balísticos seguindo as recomendações da norma NIJ 0101.04. Observações no microscópico eletrônico de varredura foram realizadas para se analisar os mecanismos de falha dos laminados. / [en] The main objective of this work was to evaluate the mechanical, physical and microestructure properties of cementitious composite materials and bamboo laminates. The experimental program was focused on the determination of toughness. Three diferent types of tests were performed in order to establish it: Charpy impact, ballistic impact and three point bending test. After the tests, the fractured surface of the failed test specimens was observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to establish the failure mode. Mathematical models adapted from the available literature were used to determine the toughness from which the values were confronted to the ones obtained experimentally. It was also determined by mathematical models the interfacial bond stress of all fibers used in this research. The two models, used in the toughness and interfacial bond stress calculation, showed to be efficient, providing valid results. In second plan, but not less important, was the determination of the materials thermal properties. Thermal conductivity tests of the composites and thermogravimetry of the fibers and bamboo were performed. The cementitious composites were reinforced by different natural fibers: refined bamboo pulp (CPB), sisal pulp (CPS), eucalyptus pulp (CPE), short sisal fibers (CPFS) and wollastonite. The mass fraction of bamboo, sisal and eucalyptus pulp studied were 8 percent and 14 percent. For the wollastonite fiber the mass fraction studied was 11.5 percent and for the short sisal fiber a 3 percent volume fraction was studied. Hybrid composites made with wollastonite and bamboo pulp (CPBW) were also produced varying the bamboo fraction mass to 8 percent and 14 percent but keeping constant to 11.5 percent the wollastonite mass fraction. The slurry de-watering process was used in the production of all composites described before. To reduce the adverse effects of weathering on the cellulose fibers and to improve the impact load and flexural resistance of the composite, aluminum thin sheets were used to produce a sandwich composite lamina with the CPB, which was denominated as CPBA. Compound Adhesive gel from Otto Baumgart which is a type of epoxy was used to fix the aluminum sheets on the CPB. The use of aluminum has proved to give much higher impact resistance results when compared to the CPB ones. The 5 years old Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla pubescens), which was previously treated in boiled water to eliminate biological agents, was used to produce the bamboo laminates. Techniques were developed to extract bamboo laminates from its natural form, establishing its advantages and disadvantages. For the Charpy impact test, a total of 18 specimens with nominal dimensions of 120 mm x 15 mm x 6 mm were tested. Laminated (BL) and 3 layer cross ply laminated bamboo (BLC) were tested in bending. A total of 9 specimens were tested per bamboo configuration. The BL specimens had nominal dimensions of 120 mm x 30 mm x 6 mm and the BLC were 120 mm x 30 mm x 17 mm. The results demonstrated the good toughness of bamboo laminates when subject to dynamic (42.54 kJ/m2) and to static load (19.77 kJ/m2 for the laminate and 17.63 kJ/m2 for the cross ply laminate). Aluminum thin sheets were again used to make sandwich composites, but now using the bamboo laminate (BLCA). The BLCA was tested using the ballistic impact test following the standard NIJ 0101.04. Analysis on the Scanning Eléctron Microscope (SEM) were performed in order to establish the laminate s failure mechanisms.