Montréal Trigonix inc. 2018

L'objet de cette thèse est d'aborder certaines marques modales présentes dans un corpus de conversations synchrones en ligne (chat) : les interjections et les émoticônes. Il s'agira d'abord d'étudier les caractéristiques pragmatiques et sémiotiques de ce type de conversation en ligne, puis de proposer une approche sémiotique et pragmatique des interjections et des émoticônes, et de montrer que malgré les différences qui peuvent exister entre ces deux types de signe - les interjections relevant de la langue verbale alors que les émoticônes constituent des imitations graphiques de gestes et de mimiques - ils partagent de nombreuses caractéristiques. L'étude de ces signes nous conduira à questionner leur statut sémiotique, de l'icône à l'indice, mais aussi leurs fonctions pragmatiques et énonciatives : la monstration, la modalisation, la prise en charge, la prise en compte, etc. Nous espérons par cette étude contribuer à élargir les connaissances sur les émoticônes, mais aussi les conceptions que l'on peut avoir de la langue et du système mimo-gestuel, qui, selon nous, gagneraient à être rapprochés plutôt que séparés. / The purpose of this thesis is to study subjectivity markers in an online chat corpus : interjections and emoticons. First, we will study the semiotic and pragmatic specificities of this type of online conversation ; then we will propose a semiotic and pragmatic approach of interjections and emoticons. We will show that, even if there are a few differences between those two types of signs ? interjections are definitely part of verbal language, whereas emoticons are iconic imitations of gestures and mimics ? they share numerous traits. The study of those signs will lead us to wonder about their semiotic status, from icon to index, but also about their pragmatic functions : how they allow to perform, to show instead of describing, how they allow the users to express their subjectivity regarding a propositional content, etc. We hope that this study will contribute to enlarge the knowledge we have of emoticons, but also the views researchers have on language and gestures / mimics, which, according to us, should be brought closer, and not further apart.

Submitted by Amanda Silva (amanda.osilva2@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-10T14:37:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE - ISMAR INÁCIO.pdf: 5232547 bytes, checksum: 1fae2a5adb75ff94ae7ade7d6cf10bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-10T14:37:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE - ISMAR INÁCIO.pdf: 5232547 bytes, checksum: 1fae2a5adb75ff94ae7ade7d6cf10bb3 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-09 / CNPq / Nos últimos anos, devido ao boom da Internet, e nessa os chats, tem acontecido um movimento de homens que almejam “conversar” com outros homens, para estabelecimento de relações sexuais. É o homoerotismo entre homens. Assim, nas conversas tecladas as masculinidades têm sido reconfiguradas, forjando, de modo expressivos, homens que se posicionam como bissexuais. Em função disto, este estudo objetivou compreender o posicionamento desses homens nestas conversas e quais performances de masculinidades bissexuais são por eles construídas, na tentativa de compreender que imagens são propostas para esses homens, que comportamentos são propostos, que identificação e ou distanciamento são forjados em relação às masculinidades heterossexual e homossexual e se esses posicionamentos provocam fissuras no sistema de gênero inteligível. A pesquisa se situa como um estudo em Linguística Aplicada, pois tem em seus aportes orientações dos estudos em linguagem – em estudos de gênero discursivo e estudos sociolinguísticos, através da linguística queer, dos estudos socioantropológicos, dos estudos de gênero e dos estudos em sexualidade, bem como dos estudos etnográficos. Dessa maneira, serviram de base os estudos de Austin, Bakhtin, Bauman, Bucholtz e Hall, Butler, Carrara, Connell, Davies e Harre, Foucault, Giddens, Goffman, Hine, Louro, Moita Lopes, Ochs, Seffner e Wortham, dentre outros. Nesse bojo, a Linguística Aplicada necessitou se indisciplinar, pois se constituiu por quadros conceituais híbridos, na tentativa de possibilitar a aproximação com a complexidade da vida em seus sentidos de gênero e sexualidade. O corpus analisado foi formado por conversas tecladas abertas, geradas através da etnografia virtual, sendo, dessas, destacados “nicknames”, “gritos”, “anúncios de si” e “flagras de conversas”. Além das conversas abertas, foram geradas entrevistas com homens que se posicionavam como bissexuais, e nessas, algumas narrativas de si. Após as análises, compreendemos que as configurações dessas masculinidades são realizadas em cumplicidade e com o apoio do ideal de homem, o homem vitoriano, mas que, de todo modo, são “outros” jeitos de encarar as masculinidades que são construídos nesse espaço virtual; são outras compreensão para as masculinidades.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of French and Italian, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-45).

Writing pervades human history, from rupestrian inscriptions to internet. Although supports change – walls, papyrus, parchments, tiles, papers, computer monitors – there remains a register, which transports human being beyond its own existence and which, precisely, renders it existing. In this thesis, I argue that restroom graffiti, apocryphal and ephemeral by their nature, are a link of the chain that identifies human being as the one who is capable of writing. It is an entity that can be figured out through its marks. Without aiming to interpret inscriptions, I restrict myself to observing that a great amount of impressions prefer to be revealed on the subversive support of the cell defined by the restroom door. And that the freedom of being anonymous that characterizes that door is kept when its contents are transposed to internet chats / Submitted by Rogele Pinheiro (rogele.pinheiro@unisul.br) on 2018-01-17T16:36:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 79337_Dagoberto.pdf: 1658018 bytes, checksum: 52d6a5632b5504995da34b4ef506d1d8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gheovana Figueiredo (gheovana.figueiredo@unisul.br) on 2018-01-17T17:12:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 79337_Dagoberto.pdf: 1658018 bytes, checksum: 52d6a5632b5504995da34b4ef506d1d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-17T17:12:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 79337_Dagoberto.pdf: 1658018 bytes, checksum: 52d6a5632b5504995da34b4ef506d1d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / A escrita permeia a história da humanidade desde as inscrições rupestres até a internet. Embora mudem os suportes – paredes, papiros, pergaminhos, cerâmica, papel, o monitor de um computador –, permanece um registro que transporta o ser humano para além de sua própria existência e que, justamente, faz com que passe a existir. Defendo a idéia, nesta dissertação, de que os grafitos de porta de banheiro, apócrifos e efêmeros por natureza, são elo na corrente que identifica o ser humano como ser que é capaz de escrever. Ele é uma entidade que pode ser descoberta por suas marcas. Sem buscar interpretar as inscrições, atenho-me a observar que uma extensa quantidade de impressões prefere ser revelada no suporte subversivo da célula que a porta de banheiro encerra. E que a liberdade desta mesma porta de aparecer anônima se mantém quando seus conteúdos são transportados para a internet, para as salas de bate-papo.

Tableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2007-2008. / Le travail accompli au cours de mes études de doctorat permet de mieux comprendre l'organisation et le mode d'opération du cortex moteur. Les études rapportées dans cette thèse décrivent la relation entre l'activité du cortex moteur primaire et l'activité motrice qu'elle génère. Elles lèvent le voile sur certaines interactions intrinsèques du cortex moteur et apportent ainsi des éclaircissements importants sur son mode de fonctionnement. Cette thèse est d'abord constituée d'une introduction présentant l'organisation générale des structures impliquées dans le contrôle des mouvements. Elle comprend également quelques discussions sur des études antérieures pertinentes aux projets de recherches présentés par la suite. Ceux-ci constituent le corps de la thèse. Ils sont présentés sous forme de trois articles, rédigés en anglais. Le premier couvre plusieurs propriétés d'entrée-sortie du cortex moteur du chat sous anesthésie. Différentes conditions d'activation corticale sont analysées et mises en relation avec les réponses motrices afin d'évaluer les caractéristiques du contrôle corticomoteur. Le second article discute des interactions entre les sorties motrices de deux points du cortex moteur. Il y est démontré que l'activité musculaire et les mouvements évoqués par l'activation corticale simultanée de deux points corticaux se combinent de façon linéaire. Quant au troisième article, il traite d'un mécanisme de couplage fonctionnel entre les points corticaux impliquant la levée d'inhibition. Les résultats présentés prouvent qu'il est possible pour deux points corticaux contrôlant des muscles antagonistes d'interagir et de combiner leur sorties motrices. Le dernier chapitre de la thèse comprend d'abord la présentation de données anatomiques du cortex moteur permettant de mieux comprendre et d'évaluer les principaux résultats obtenus lors de mon doctorat. Il est complété par une discussion générale apportant une interprétation plus élaborée des résultats obtenus, tout en les plaçant dans un contexte plus large. Il s'en dégage une vue d'ensemble rassemblant toutes les observations rapportées dans cette thèse et résumant l'avancement scientifique qu'elle apporte.

Thèse (M.Sc.) -- Université Laval, 1997. / Bibliogr.: f. [51]-65. Publ. aussi en version électronique.

La prolifération des architectures multi-coeurs est source d’unepression importante pour les developpeurs, qui doivent chercherà paralléliser leurs applications de manière à profiter au mieux deces plateformes. Malheureusement, les modèles de programmationde bas niveau amplifient les difficultés inhérentes à la conceptiond’applications complexes et parallèles. Il existe donc une attentepour des modèles de programmation de plus haut niveau, quipuissent simplifier la vie des programmeurs de manière significative,tout en proposant des abstractions suffisantes pour absorberl’hétérogénéité des architectures matérielles.Contrairement à une multitude de modèles de programmation parallèlequi introduisent de nouveaux langages, annotations ou étendentdes langages existants et requièrent donc des compilateurs spécialisés,nous exploitons ici le potentiel du language C++ standardet traditionnel. En particulier nous avons recours à ses capacitésen terme de meta-programmation, afin de fournir au programmeurune interface de programmation parallèle simple et directe. Cetteinterface autorise le programmeur à exprimer le parallélismede son application au prix d’une altération négligeable du codeséquentiel initial. Un runtime intelligent se charge d’extraire touteinformation relative aux dépendances de données entre tâches,ainsi que celles relatives à l’ordonnancement. Nous montronscomment ce runtime est à même d’exploiter ces informations dansle but de détecter et protéger les données partagées, puis réaliserun ordonnancement prenant en compte les particularités des caches.L’implémentation initiale de notre modèle de programmation est unelibrairie C++ pure appelée XPU. XPU est conÃ˘gue dans le but defaciliter l’explicitation, par le programmeur, du parallélisme applicatif.Une seconde réalisation appelée FATMA doit être considérée commeune extension d’XPU qui permet une détection automatique desdépendances dans une séquence de tâches : il s’agit donc de parallélisationautomatique, sans recours à quelque outil que se soit,excepté un compilateur C++ standard. Afin de démontrer le potentielde notre approche, nous utilisons ces deux outils –XPU et FATMA–pour paralléliser des problèmes populaires, ainsi que des applicationsindustrielles réelles. Nous montrons qu’en dépit de leur abstractionélevée, nos modèles de programmation présentent des performancescomparables à des modèles de programmation de basniveau,et offrent un meilleur compromis productivité-performance. / The continuous proliferation of multicore architectures has placeddevelopers under great pressure to parallelize their applicationsaccordingly with what such platforms can offer. Unfortunately,traditional low-level programming models exacerbate the difficultiesof building large and complex parallel applications. High-level parallelprogramming models are in high-demand as they reduce the burdenson programmers significantly and provide enough abstraction toaccommodate hardware heterogeneity. In this thesis, we proposea flexible parallelization methodology, and we introduce a newtask-based parallel programming model designed to provide highproductivity and expressiveness without sacrificing performance.Our programming model aims to ease expression of both sequentialexecution and several types of parallelism including task, data andpipeline parallelism at different granularity levels to form a structuredhomogeneous programming model.Contrary to many parallel programming models which introducenew languages, compiler annotations or extend existing languagesand thus require specialized compilers, extra-hardware or virtualmachines..., we exploit the potential of the traditional standardC++ language and particularly its meta-programming capabilities toprovide a light-weight and smart parallel programming interface. Thisprogramming interface enable programmer to express parallelismat the cost of a little amount of extra-code while reuse its legacysequential code almost without any alteration. An intelligent run-timesystem is able to extract transparently many information on task-datadependencies and ordering. We show how the run-time system canexploit these valuable information to detect and protect shared dataautomatically and perform cache-aware scheduling.The initial implementation of our programming model is a pure C++library named "XPU" and is designed for explicit parallelism specification.A second implementation named "FATMA" extends XPU andexploits the transparent task dependencies extraction feature to provideautomatic parallelization of a given sequence of tasks withoutneed to any specific tool apart a standard C++ compiler. In order todemonstrate the potential of our approach, we use both of the explicitand automatic parallel programming models to parallelize popularproblems as well as real industrial applications. We show thatdespite its high abstraction, our programming models provide comparableperformances to lower-level programming models and offersa better productivity-performance tradeoff.

No description available.

Family group chats are a popular form of technology-mediated communication. Family group chats represent an understudied area of family communication. In this qualitative multi-method study, I aimed to investigate how and why families use family group chats and how family processes are enacted within them. This grounded theory study was informed by family systems theory and uses and gratifications theory. Families participated in multi family member group interviews and were invited to submit the last one-month's history of their family group chat. Forty-nine participants from thirteen families across the United States participated in this study. I identified four themes from the data: (1) entering the chat, (2) growing and aging with the group chat, (3) accepting terms and conditions, and (4) holding the invisible string. I present a theoretical explanation of how these themes interact. Family group chats held a significant place in family life that extended family members' availability to one another and kept them in near constant contact, even when they were separated by geographic distance. I propose the possibility of family group chats as a protective factor to increase family functioning. This research generates future directions for the field and has implications for families, professionals who work with families, and group chat application developers. It provides one of the earliest investigations into family group chats from a family science perspective. / Doctor of Philosophy / Family group chats have grown in popularity over the last decade as a way for multiple family members to communicate at once. Yet, in the family science field, little is known about how families use these chats. In this study, I examined how and why families use family group chats to perform family processes, which are the interactions that make up family life. I used qualitative methods to study this topic and was guided by two theories, family systems theory and uses and gratifications theory. I invited family members to participate in a group interview and submit their family group chat text messages from the last month. Forty-nine participants from thirteen families across the United States participated in this study. I identified four themes across the family interviews and group chats: (1) entering the chat, (2) growing and aging with the group chat, (3) accepting terms and conditions, and (4) holding the invisible string. I present a visual model to explain how these themes work together. I found that family group chats held a significant place in family life that extended family members' availability to one another and kept them in near constant contact, even when they were separated by geographic distance. I suggest the possibility of family group chats as a protective factor that may improve family life. This research can guide future research on this topic and makes an impact for families, professionals who work with families, and for companies that develop group chat platforms.