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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The impact of exchange rates on the chemical industry in South Africa

Mutwanamba, Pfarelo January 2015 (has links)
Thesis (M.M. (Finance & Investment))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Graduate School of Business Administration, 2015. / Could not copy abstract
2

Guia de estabilidade para a indústria química : definição de prazo de validade e proposição de prazo de reteste / Stability guide for chemical industry : shelf life definition and retest period proposition

Oriqui, Luciana Rodrigues 21 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Milton Mori, Pedro Wongtschowski / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T00:04:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oriqui_LucianaRodrigues_D.pdf: 1574511 bytes, checksum: fc8c48517f98e400814eac95250b0590 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A indústria química no mundo todo vem passando por um momento bastante particular de readequação em função da implementação do regulamento europeu REACH - acrônimo de Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals -, que visa a uma abordagem integrada a respeito do controle de fabricação, importação e uso de substâncias químicas na Europa. No Brasil, além da necessidade de se adequar à extensa quantidade de informações solicitadas, o segmento também não tem um guia de estabilidade específico de onde podem ser obtidas algumas dessas informações. Este trabalho visa contextualizar essa situação e, a partir da utilização como referência dos guias ICH, International Conference on Harmonization, específicos para as indústrias farmacêuticas, propor um guia de estabilidade para os produtos da indústria química. O guia apresenta metodologia e parâmetros para definição de prazo de validade e de definição de prazo de validade adicional, ou prazo de reteste, para produtos que atendam a pré-requisitos estipulados. Esta nova possibilidade representa uma redução do impacto ambiental causado pelo descarte de produtos químicos com prazo de validade teoricamente vencidos, mas que ainda atendam as especificações mínimas de qualidade e aplicabilidade / Abstract: Chemical companies worldwide have been going through a very particular moment of readjustment due to the implementation of European regulation REACH, which stands for Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals, which aims an integrated approach on the control of manufacturing, importing and the use of chemicals in Europe. In Brazil, besides the need to fit the extensive amount of information requested, the segment also does not have a specific stability guide where some of this information can be obtained. This work aims to contextualize the situation and, starting from the use as reference guides ICH, International Conference on Harmonization, specific to the pharmaceutical, propose a guide for the stability of chemical industry products. The guide presents the methodology and parameters for defining validity and definition of additional shelf life or retest period for products that meet the prerequisites stipulated. This new possibility is a reduction of the environmental impact caused by the disposal of chemicals with theoretically expired shelf life, but still meet the minimum specifications for quality and applicability / Doutorado / Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos / Doutora em Engenharia Quimica
3

Eficiência de diferentes tipos de coagulantes na coagulação, floculação e sedimentação de água com cor ou turbidez elevada. / Efficiency of different types of coagulants in the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation of water with high turbidity or color.

Pavanelli, Gerson 23 July 2001 (has links)
A proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar quatro diferentes coagulantes - sulfato de alumínio, cloreto férrico, hidroxicloreto de aluminio e sulfato ferrico; construir os diagramas de coagulação; e assimilar as regiões de maior ou menor eficiência da remoção de turbidez ou da cor. Para permitir uma avaliação de custos na utilização dos coagulantes, observo-se nos diagramas as regiões onde os valores de turbidez remanescente são aproximadamente iguais para diferentes coagulantes. Com essa consideração, foi stabelecida a relação entre consumo e custo dos produtos quimícos utilizados. Os coagulantes que apresentaram particularidades para as águas estudadas foram: o cloreto ferrico que mostrou melhor desempenho para valores de ph baixos; o sulfato ferrico que mostrou-se mais economico; e o hidroxicloreto de aluminio que atua numa grande faixa de ph. Na conclusão dos estudos, verifica-se que cada água a ser tratada deve ser analisada através de diagramas de coagulação, visando a otimização dos parâmetros de ph versus dosagem e buscando o melhor coagulante pelo menor custo. / The purpose of this study was to use four different coagulants - aluminum sulphate, iron chloride, polyaluminum hidroxichloride and ferric sulphate; to build the coagulation diagrams; and to mark the regions of higher or lower efficiency in the removal of turbidity or color. To allow a cost appraisal in the use of the coagulants, the region where the values of remaining turbidity, which are approximately the same for different coagulants, was examined in the diagrams. This being taken into consideration, the relation between consumption and cost of the chemical products was established. The coagulants that presented certain peculiarities for the studied waters were: iron chloride, that showed better performance for low pH values; the ferric sulphate, that showed itself as more economical; and the polyaluminum hidroxichloride, that functions in a large interval of pH. In the conclusion of the study, it was observed that each type of water to be treated must be analyzed through coagulation diagrams, aiming at the optimization of pH parameters versus dosages and looking for the best coagulant with lower cost.
4

Aferição do teste de germinação das sementes de milho em função do tratamento industrial das sementes / Maize seeds germination test depending on the seed industrial treatment

Martins, Aline Neves 11 July 2017 (has links)
O tratamento industrial de sementes é utilizado para, aproximadamente, 100% das sementes híbridas de milho comercializadas no Brasil. Assim, é essencial verificar se a aplicação de produtos químicos nas sementes de milho interfere nos resultados das análises destas sementes. Portanto, nesta pesquisa foi comparada a germinação das sementes híbridas de milho de três cultivares classificadas em peneiras de crivo circular e oblongo, em função da aplicação de produtos químicos (fungicida, inseticida, nematicida e polímero) em relação às sementes sem tratamento químico (Controle). Para complementar a determinação da qualidade das sementes foram avaliados o teor de água das sementes, o comprimento médio da raiz da plântula, a emergência da plântula e o vigor. As análises foram realizadas no Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\", Universidade de São Paulo. O teor de água foi determinado pelo método da estufa a 105 ± 3 °C, por 24 horas. Para o teste de germinação foram utilizados o substrato papel (RP), quatro repetições de 50 sementes ou oito repetições de 25 sementes e as avaliações entre o 3º e o 7º dia após a instalação do teste. Os tratamentos com fungicida, inseticida e nematicida não interferiram no teor de água das sementes de milho, independentemente do genótipo e da forma das sementes. Os resultados do teste de germinação das sementes de milho foram analisados, estatisticamente e utilizando as Tabelas de Tolerância das Regras para Análise de Sementes, e é possível verificar que o tratamento industrial das sementes não interfere nos resultados do teste de germinação, conforme proposto nas atuais Regras para Análise de Sementes. No teste de germinação, é possível avaliar a germinação das sementes de milho no 3º dia após a instalação do teste, para antecipar a obtenção dos resultados. A colocação de 25 sementes de milho no substrato papel (RP) favorece a avaliação do desenvolvimento da plântula no teste de germinação, em comparação à utilização de 50 sementes. / The seed industrial treatment is used to approximately 100% of the maize hybrids seeds marketed in Brazil. Thus, it is essential to verify if the application of chemical products in maize seeds interferes in the analysis results of these seeds. Therefore, in this research was compared maize seeds germination of three cultivars classified in circular and oblong screen sieves, depending on the application of chemical products (fungicide, insecticide, nematicide and polymer) in relation to the seeds without chemical treatment (Control). In order to complement the determination of seed quality, seed water content, seedling root mean length, seedling emergence and vigor were evaluated. The analysis were carried out in the Plant Production Department of the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo. The water content was determined by the oven method at 105 ± 3 °C for 24 hours. In the germination test, the paper substrate (RP), four replicates of 50 seeds or eight replicates of 25 seeds were used and the evaluations between the 3rd and the 7th day after of the test installation. The treatments with fungicide, insecticide and nematicide did not interfere in the water content of the maize seeds, independently of the genotype and the seeds shape. The results of the maize seeds germination test were statistically analyzed and using the Tolerance Tables of the Rules for Seed Testing and it is possible to verify that the seed industrial treatment does not interfere in the results of the germination test, as proposed in the current Rules for Seed Testing. In the germination test, it is possible to evaluate the maize seeds germination on the 3rd day after the test installation, in order to anticipate the results. The placement of 25 maize seeds on the paper substrate (RP) favors the evaluation of the seedling development in the germination test, compared to the use of 50 seeds.
5

Liability, Innovation, and Safety in the Chemical Industry (chapter)

Ashford, Nicholas, Stone, R.F. January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
6

Aferição do teste de germinação das sementes de milho em função do tratamento industrial das sementes / Maize seeds germination test depending on the seed industrial treatment

Aline Neves Martins 11 July 2017 (has links)
O tratamento industrial de sementes é utilizado para, aproximadamente, 100% das sementes híbridas de milho comercializadas no Brasil. Assim, é essencial verificar se a aplicação de produtos químicos nas sementes de milho interfere nos resultados das análises destas sementes. Portanto, nesta pesquisa foi comparada a germinação das sementes híbridas de milho de três cultivares classificadas em peneiras de crivo circular e oblongo, em função da aplicação de produtos químicos (fungicida, inseticida, nematicida e polímero) em relação às sementes sem tratamento químico (Controle). Para complementar a determinação da qualidade das sementes foram avaliados o teor de água das sementes, o comprimento médio da raiz da plântula, a emergência da plântula e o vigor. As análises foram realizadas no Departamento de Produção Vegetal da Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\", Universidade de São Paulo. O teor de água foi determinado pelo método da estufa a 105 ± 3 °C, por 24 horas. Para o teste de germinação foram utilizados o substrato papel (RP), quatro repetições de 50 sementes ou oito repetições de 25 sementes e as avaliações entre o 3º e o 7º dia após a instalação do teste. Os tratamentos com fungicida, inseticida e nematicida não interferiram no teor de água das sementes de milho, independentemente do genótipo e da forma das sementes. Os resultados do teste de germinação das sementes de milho foram analisados, estatisticamente e utilizando as Tabelas de Tolerância das Regras para Análise de Sementes, e é possível verificar que o tratamento industrial das sementes não interfere nos resultados do teste de germinação, conforme proposto nas atuais Regras para Análise de Sementes. No teste de germinação, é possível avaliar a germinação das sementes de milho no 3º dia após a instalação do teste, para antecipar a obtenção dos resultados. A colocação de 25 sementes de milho no substrato papel (RP) favorece a avaliação do desenvolvimento da plântula no teste de germinação, em comparação à utilização de 50 sementes. / The seed industrial treatment is used to approximately 100% of the maize hybrids seeds marketed in Brazil. Thus, it is essential to verify if the application of chemical products in maize seeds interferes in the analysis results of these seeds. Therefore, in this research was compared maize seeds germination of three cultivars classified in circular and oblong screen sieves, depending on the application of chemical products (fungicide, insecticide, nematicide and polymer) in relation to the seeds without chemical treatment (Control). In order to complement the determination of seed quality, seed water content, seedling root mean length, seedling emergence and vigor were evaluated. The analysis were carried out in the Plant Production Department of the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo. The water content was determined by the oven method at 105 ± 3 °C for 24 hours. In the germination test, the paper substrate (RP), four replicates of 50 seeds or eight replicates of 25 seeds were used and the evaluations between the 3rd and the 7th day after of the test installation. The treatments with fungicide, insecticide and nematicide did not interfere in the water content of the maize seeds, independently of the genotype and the seeds shape. The results of the maize seeds germination test were statistically analyzed and using the Tolerance Tables of the Rules for Seed Testing and it is possible to verify that the seed industrial treatment does not interfere in the results of the germination test, as proposed in the current Rules for Seed Testing. In the germination test, it is possible to evaluate the maize seeds germination on the 3rd day after the test installation, in order to anticipate the results. The placement of 25 maize seeds on the paper substrate (RP) favors the evaluation of the seedling development in the germination test, compared to the use of 50 seeds.
7

Eficiência de diferentes tipos de coagulantes na coagulação, floculação e sedimentação de água com cor ou turbidez elevada. / Efficiency of different types of coagulants in the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation of water with high turbidity or color.

Gerson Pavanelli 23 July 2001 (has links)
A proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar quatro diferentes coagulantes - sulfato de alumínio, cloreto férrico, hidroxicloreto de aluminio e sulfato ferrico; construir os diagramas de coagulação; e assimilar as regiões de maior ou menor eficiência da remoção de turbidez ou da cor. Para permitir uma avaliação de custos na utilização dos coagulantes, observo-se nos diagramas as regiões onde os valores de turbidez remanescente são aproximadamente iguais para diferentes coagulantes. Com essa consideração, foi stabelecida a relação entre consumo e custo dos produtos quimícos utilizados. Os coagulantes que apresentaram particularidades para as águas estudadas foram: o cloreto ferrico que mostrou melhor desempenho para valores de ph baixos; o sulfato ferrico que mostrou-se mais economico; e o hidroxicloreto de aluminio que atua numa grande faixa de ph. Na conclusão dos estudos, verifica-se que cada água a ser tratada deve ser analisada através de diagramas de coagulação, visando a otimização dos parâmetros de ph versus dosagem e buscando o melhor coagulante pelo menor custo. / The purpose of this study was to use four different coagulants - aluminum sulphate, iron chloride, polyaluminum hidroxichloride and ferric sulphate; to build the coagulation diagrams; and to mark the regions of higher or lower efficiency in the removal of turbidity or color. To allow a cost appraisal in the use of the coagulants, the region where the values of remaining turbidity, which are approximately the same for different coagulants, was examined in the diagrams. This being taken into consideration, the relation between consumption and cost of the chemical products was established. The coagulants that presented certain peculiarities for the studied waters were: iron chloride, that showed better performance for low pH values; the ferric sulphate, that showed itself as more economical; and the polyaluminum hidroxichloride, that functions in a large interval of pH. In the conclusion of the study, it was observed that each type of water to be treated must be analyzed through coagulation diagrams, aiming at the optimization of pH parameters versus dosages and looking for the best coagulant with lower cost.
8

Le droit des pesticides au Bénin : conditions de mise sur le marché et la responsabilité des distributeurs / The right of pesticides in Benin : conditions for the placing on the market and the responsibility of distributors

Bonou, Jeacques Gbenonman 31 May 2017 (has links)
Le développement rapide de l’industrie chimique dans le monde et les risques insoupçonnables et souvent insidieux des produits chimiques ont permis à la communauté internationale de réglementer la commercialisation de ces produits. Ainsi, il a été élaboré des textes et des Conventions internationales réglementant le commerce de ces produits. L’objectif de la majorité de ces instruments est de favoriser le développement économique sans pour autant mettre à mal la santé publique et l’environnement. L’application de ces instruments internationaux a seulement atteint une maturité dans les pays industrialisés mais pose un véritable problème de société dans les pays en développement. L’effectivité de ces règles dans les pays en développement et principalement au Bénin est problématique. Les Etats se doivent de les ratifier ces instruments et de les transposer dans leurs législations nationales. Le législateur béninois a bien suivi cette démarche à travers la loi n°91-004 du 11 février 1991 portant réglementation phytosanitaire au Bénin et la loi-cadre sur l’environnement dont les dispositions sont applicables en matière de substances chimiques ou de pesticides. Ces différentes lois, ont-elles permis d’atteindre les objectifs de la protection agricole, de la santé publique, et de l’environnement ? Comment peut-on mettre en jeu la responsabilité des distributeurs béninois en cas de dommages liés à ces produits ? Les réponses à ces interrogations nous ont permis de constater des défaillances dans ces lois et que le législateur béninois doit moderniser sa législation dans le but de renforcer l’encadrement de ces produits. Quant aux mécanismes nationaux de responsabilité, la réforme à ce niveau est indispensable. Sinon les régimes de responsabilité ne permettent pas de responsabiliser les distributeurs. Les mécanismes de responsabilités existant dans le droit positif comportent des insuffisances pour une mise en œuvre efficace de la responsabilité des distributeurs. Ces insuffisances sont aussi bien réelles sur le plan de la responsabilité civile que pénal. Le législateur doit profondément revoir tout le dispositif applicable aux distributeurs, tout en modernisant le droit de la responsabilité civile avec la consécration de la responsabilité objective du fait des activités dangereuses. Aussi faudrait-il consacrer la responsabilité des personnes morales dans le droit pénal. / The rapid development of the chemical industry in the world and the unsuspected and often insidious risks of chemicals have enabled the international community to regulate the marketing of these chemicals. For example, texts and international conventions regulating trade in these products have been developed. The majority of these instruments aim to promote economic development without undermining public health and the environment. The application of these international instruments has only reached maturity in the industrialized countries but poses a real societal problem in the developing countries. The effectiveness of these rules in developing countries, and especially in Benin, is problematic. States must ratify these instruments and transpose them into national legislation.The Beninese legislator has indeed followed this approach through Act No. 91-004 of 11 February 1991 on phytosanitary regulations in Benin and the framework law on the environment, the provisions of which apply to chemical substances or pesticides. Have these different laws made it possible to achieve the objectives of agricultural protection, public health and the environment? How can the Beninese distributors be held liable for damages related to these products? The answers to these questions allowed us to note deficiencies in these laws and that the Beninese legislator must modernize its legislation with the aim of reinforcing the supervision of these products. As for national accountability mechanisms, reform at this level is essential. Otherwise liability schemes do not allow distributors to be held accountable. The mechanisms of responsibility in the positive law contain inadequacies for an effective implementation of the responsibility of the distributors. These shortcomings are as real in terms of civil and criminal liability. The legislator must thoroughly review the entire system applicable to distributors, while modernizing the law of civil liability with the recognition of the objective liability for dangerous activities. Consequently, the liability of legal persons should be enshrined in criminal law.
9

Visualisation, granulométrie et évaporation de gouttes et de sprays - Etude dans une atmosphère close et pressurisée

Lassauce, Aurélia 22 February 2011 (has links) (PDF)
L'objectif de cette thèse consiste à déterminer l'influence d'une pression ambiante comprise entre 100 à 600 KPa sur l'évaporation d'une goutte, puis sur l'évaporation d'un spray soumis aux mêmes conditions. La première étape consiste à étudier l'influence de la pression ambiante sur l'évolution de la forme, du diamètre, de la vitesse et du débit d'évaporation d'une goutte de liquide en chute libre. Pour cela, une technique de mesure optique a été utilisée et une méthodologie a été développée pour calibrer cette technique de mesure et ainsi minimiser les erreurs de mesures sur la taille des particules. En parallèle, un modèle analytique d'évaporation de gouttes en chute libre a été développé : une attention particulière a été portée sur la détermination d'une corrélation adaptée au calcul du coefficient de traînée afin de tenir compte de l'évolution de la forme des gouttes au cours de leur chute. Ce modèle d'évaporation de gouttes est comparé à un modèle d'évaporation de spray (prenant en compte l'entrainement d'air, la concentration de vapeur au loin de la goutte et l'influence de la pression ambiante) pour montrer les limites du modèle d'évaporation de gouttes lors de son application à l'évaporation d'un spray. La deuxième étape de l'étude a consisté à appliquer les techniques de mesure et d'analyse mises au point précédemment à l'étude de la granulométrie d'un spray pour caractériser l'influence de trois paramètres : la pression ambiante, la pression d'injection du liquide et la nature du liquide. L'analyse des résultats a permis de développer un modèle statistique pour déterminer la granulométrie de ces sprays.
10

Förskollärarnas uppfattningar om kemiska produkter i mat samt ekologisk mat : En studie om förskollärarnas uppfattningar om kemiska produkter i mat samt ekologisk mat i relation till barns hälsa

Bäckström, Lovisa January 2016 (has links)
The preschool is a place that should contribute to the health of children and the preschool teachers have an important role to create good conditions for this. The purpose of my study is to examine preschool teachers’ perceptions of chemical products in food and organic food in relation to children's health. Through qualitative interviews with six preschool teachers at two different preschools in two separate municipalities it is shown in my results that preschool teachers have variable perceptions about chemical additives and organic food. Most of them have a negative perception of chemical additives and a positive perception of organic food, and different views on how these would affect the health of children.

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