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Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-06-30T13:52:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Priscilla Lima da Silva.pdf: 832660 bytes, checksum: ca7d596a21a07262bf64195708a28aad (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-30T15:25:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Priscilla Lima da Silva.pdf: 832660 bytes, checksum: ca7d596a21a07262bf64195708a28aad (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-30T15:47:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Priscilla Lima da Silva.pdf: 832660 bytes, checksum: ca7d596a21a07262bf64195708a28aad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-30T15:47:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Priscilla Lima da Silva.pdf: 832660 bytes, checksum: ca7d596a21a07262bf64195708a28aad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-30 / Não informada / This study sought to investigate how children live and construct their infant cultures at school through play, and understand in which manner the teachers establish their teaching practices in these social and cultural relationships. This investigation contemplates the studies into children as a theoretical mosaic constructed historically to understand and discipline the child, in which it is possible to find the echoes of the theories and conjectures constructed in the past that, in relation to the child’s imagination, provide information that modern society was able to subtract the creative imagination and its spaces for participation, in the way it ended up being submitted to the control of adults and a rigid, suffocating, disciplinary program, in daily school life. Such truths about children and infancy repeat themselves, however they have transformed themselves because starting from the understanding of the architects of the Sociology of Infancy, among those such as Allison James and Alan Prout, 2003/2004; Corsaro,1997; Delgado and Müller, 2005; Manson 2001; Pinto and Sarmento, 1999; Saramago, 2000; Wajskop, 1999, the child, in current scientific works, has assumed a role as the subject of in these spaces, and strengthening the space of the protagonist in the socio-cultural constructions, with his or her peers as well as family relationships, as well as in the self-determination and alterity or even in what is considered giving the child a voice. Starting from these suppositions, this study is organized via three themes: The concept of the child and infancy and the relationship with play; Play in infancy in school; Play in regard to pedagogical practices. From these analyses, this study looked at analyzing the construction of these relationships that are established between the production of play culture and pedagogical practices elaborated by the teachers, seeking to understand the conceptions of infancy, play and school. For this objective to be reached, four specific objectives were established which discussed the identification of the conceptions of the teachers about infancy in school aspects; the identification of the social and educational relationships of children in the school through play; analysis of the academic works on infancy in contemporary society; as well as the identification of the games most used in schools. The survey was carried out at the Vila da Felicidade Municipal School, whose unusual location on the west side of Manaus in the Mauzinho district close to the CEASA port, made it possible to analyse different infantile manifestations because of the geographic location of the community where the school is located which permits an intimate relationship with the Solimões river and the communities on the other side of the river. This relationship is also present in the fabric of the classroom because there are students that live in the Catalão community which cross the river every day to study and share their experiences, stories and infancy with the children from this side of the river. The subjects of the survey were 147 students of the school and their respective teachers. The teachers and the students were considered collective subjects. The method consisted of participant observation of the leisure times and spaces with an ethnographic register in the field notebook. Training sessions and debates were carried out with the teachers so that they could discuss themes such as how the school figures as a play space; play as an educational strategy and the experiences of play between teacher and student. The observations of the leisure space at Vila da Felicidade, the patio, doesn’t provide the desirable material conditions necessary for the development of play activities, leisure or games and only five types of games were recorded: policeman and thief; soccer; hide and seek; dodge ball; and play house which are developed from the child’s imagination. Through the arguments presented, it is possible to deduce ways to comprehend the capacity for play that are natural, unmentioned by the teachers, in which roles should be assumed in relation to their constitution and development. It was observed that all of the empirical elements available led us to believe that the sessions have little or no impact on the ways that the teacher analyses the inclusion of play activities in daily school life. It was possible to comprehend that despite the scientific and academic comprehension of the teachers about play and its representations in the pedagogical work classically linked to prioritizing reading, writing, math activities, systematic investments in school notebooks, regular homework, report cards, which make up the obligatory part of the educational system for the parents has made teaching practice difficult to change in regard to play and infant culture. Emphasize the inter-relations between culture and cognition, the interlinking of socio-cultural processes put into action while playing and those demanded in the practices of the production of narratives, in the process of elaborating scientific concepts, can be configured as a promising strategy in order to bring the parents closer to a more conscious position about the importance of innovations in school culture. Certainly, it’s not just up to the teacher to create these arguments working alone. It must be understood that everyone, committed to the construction of a school and infancy of high quality, must be involved in this process, above all in what we refer to as the proposition of the theme in the areas of teaching training. / Investigar como as crianças vivem e constroem suas culturas de infância na escola a partir do brincar, buscando compreender de que modo os professores estabelecem suas práticas pedagógicas nessas relações sociais e culturais. Esta investigação compreende os estudos sobre a criança como um mosaico teórico construído historicamente para compreender e disciplinar a criança, no qual é possível encontrar ecos das teorias e conjecturas construídas no passado que, relativo ao aspecto imaginativo da criança, fornece informações de que a modernidade foi capaz de subtrair a imaginação criadora e seus espaços de participação, na medida em que terminou por submetê-la aos dispositivos de controle dos adultos e a um programa disciplinar rígido e sufocante, no seu ritmo cotidiano escolar. Tais verdades sobre a criança e sua infância se repetem, no entanto, têm se transformado, pois a partir da compreensão dos arquitetos da Sociologia da Infância, dentre eles Allison James e Alan Prout, 2003/2004; Corsaro,1997; Delgado e Müller, 2005; Manson 2001; Pinto e Sarmento, 1999; Saramago, 2000; Wajskop, 1999, a criança tem assumido, nas produções científicas atualmente, o papel de sujeito nesses espaços, e fortalecendo o espaço de protagonista nas construções socioculturais, tanto entre seus pares quanto nas relações geracionais, bem como na autodeterminação e na alteridade ou mesmo no que se considera dá voz à esta criança. Partindo desses pressupostos, esta pesquisa organiza-se a partir de três temas: O conceito de criança e infância e sua relação com o brincar; O brincar na infância nos espaços escolares; O brincar enquanto práticas pedagógicas. Partindo desses eixos de análise, esta pesquisa objetivou analisar a construção das relações que se estabelecem entre a produção da cultura lúdica e as práticas pedagógicas elaboradas pelos professores, buscando compreender as concepções de infância, brincar e a escola. E para que este objetivo possa ser alcançado estabeleceram-se quatro objetivos específicos cujos conteúdos versavam sobre a identificação das concepções do professor sobre a infância nos aspectos escolares; a identificação das relações sociais e educativas das crianças na escola através de suas brincadeiras; o levantamento da produção acadêmica sobre a infância na sociedade contemporânea; bem como a identificação das brincadeiras mais utilizadas na escola. A pesquisa teve como lócus a Escola Municipal Vila da Felicidade, cuja localização peculiar, na Zona Leste da Cidade de Manaus, no Bairro do Mauazinho, próximo ao Porto da Ceasa, possibilita a analise de diferentes manifestações infantis tendo em vista essa localização geográfica da comunidade onde a escola se encontra permitir uma intima relação com o Rio Solimões e com as comunidades situadas na outra margem, essa relação também está presente no tecido da sala de aula, pois há alunos que moram na Comunidade do Catalão, e que todos os dias cruzam o Rio para estudar e partilhar suas vivencias, histórias e infâncias com as crianças da outra margem do rio. Os sujeitos observáveis da pesquisa foram as crianças, totalizada em 147 alunos da escola, e os respectivos professores destas crianças, tanto as crianças quantos os professores foram considerados como sujeitos coletivos. O método consistiu na observação participante dos tempos e espaços de lazer, com o registro etnográfico em caderno de campo. Com os professores foram realizadas sessões de formação e debate a fim de que os mesmos possam discutir temas como a escola enquanto espaço para brincadeiras; o brincar enquanto estratégia educacional e as vivências das brincadeiras entre crianças e professores. O pátio, enquanto espaço para observação dos momentos de lazer das crianças da escola, não fornecia as condições materiais desejáveis para o desenvolvimento de atividade lúdicas, jogos e brincadeiras, mais elaboradas, e, por isso, foram registradas apenas 05 (cinco) tipos de brincadeiras: a brincadeira de polícia e ladrão, o jogo de futebol, as manjas variadas, cemitério e o jogo de casinha, o qual se desenvolve a partir da produção do imaginário da criança ao brincar. Pelas argumentações apresentadas pôde-se deduzir várias formas de compreensão sobre a capacidade de brincar que tendem para a sua naturalização, na medida em que o professor não mencionam – de modo mais preciso – qual papel deveriam assumir em relação a sua constituição e desenvolvimento. Observou-se que todos os elementos empíricos de que se dispõe induzem a concluir que as sessões tiveram pouco, ou possivelmente nenhum, impacto sobre os modos como, corriqueiramente, o professor analisa a inclusão de atividades lúdicas no cotidiano escolar, foi possível compreender que, apesar da compreensão acadêmico-científica dos professores sobre o brincar, as suas representações sobre o trabalho pedagógico, classicamente ligadas à priorização de atividades de leitura, escrita e cálculo, investimentos sistemáticos em produções nos cadernos escolares, envio regular de tarefas para casa, avaliações da aprendizagem formalizadas em boletins, as quais se configuram enquanto exigência do sistema de ensino e dos pais e/ou responsáveis tem dificultado a flexibilização da prática pedagógica em torno da ludicidade e valorização das culturas infantis. Enfatizar as inter-relações entre a cultura e cognição, o imbricamento entre os processos socioculturais colocados em ação no brincar e os exigidos nas práticas de produção de narrativas, no processo de elaboração de conceitos científicos, pode se configurar uma estratégia promissora para aproximar os familiares de uma posição mais consciente sobre a importância destas inovações na cultura escolar. Certamente, também, não cabe ao professor elaborar estes argumentos num trabalho solitário. Entende-se que todos, comprometidos com a construção de uma infância e de uma escola de qualidade, devem estar implicados neste processo, sobretudo no que se refere à proposição do tema nos espaços de formação docente.

"It is the purpose of this study to attack one phase of the leisure-time problem: that phase which deals with the recreation program of secondary schools. As effort will be made to determine whether changes are needed in the recreation program of the secondary schools of Hill County Texas in order that they may meet the demands of the new leisure in the light of young people's activities and interests and accepted standards of the present day."--leaf 1.

"It has been the purpose of this study to make an analysis of the recreational program at the Dallas County Juvenile Home...certain conclusions concerning the recreational program have been reached. 1. The principles upon which the recreational program is based are in line with the recommendations of the National Recreation Association. 2. In practice, recreation in the Dallas County Juvenile Home has not reached maximum efficiency. 3. The program is built largely to fill the needs of the majority of the boys who are detained at the home. 4. The program has been modified in some cases to meet the needs of the individual groups. 5. The recreation program serves as a means for the boys to express themselves; therefore, the supervisors and the case workers are able to establish better rapport with each boy. 5. The better rapport with each boy enables the case worker to determine the proper placement of the boy. 7. Through the efforts of recreation many personality adjustments have been made. 8. The study shows that the majority or 51 percent of the boys chose yard play as a first choice of activities offered at the home. 9. Because of the maintained interest of the entire staff to find and improve the defects of the program, recreation facilities have been expanded. 10. Inadequate funds limit the full use of the facilities at the home. "--leaf 67.

Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The purpose of this paper is primarily that of determining what recreational needs exist today, what social changes have occurred to bring about these needs, what unit of society is most capable of taking the lead in meeting these needs, and what procedures may be adopted for meeting them. An interest in this subject has stemmed from observation of two main factors: (1) The existence of inadequate programs for meeting recreational needs in schools with which the writer has been associated, and (2) General indifference to or ignorance of the importance of educating for worthwhile use of leisure time. / "A Paper." / Typescript. / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: Virgil E. Strickland, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references.