Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Little Yellow Riding Hood, character in the book of the same name by Chico Buarque, tells the story of the girl who, from their physical and psychological apparatuses, managed to turn the "LO-BO" (wolf in portuguese), of whom she had much fear, in BO-LO (cake in portuguese). In this direction, it is thought that, by knowing the health of children and these 'apparatuses', one can think of better interventions for their welfare. The health of the child, both physical and mental, has been a topic of significant importance in worldwide research, as it is known that a healthy child is more likely to become a healthy adult. This work is linked to a larger project, which aims to apply an intervention in terms of a therapeutic environment in a children s CAPS (Psychosocial Care Center) of Santa Maria-RS (PROCONVIVE, announcement PPSUS/FAPERGS 002/2009 n° of process 0900982). Meanwhile, it was detected the need for an evaluation of data about the children's health, since this may not be always provided to them by the service. This assessment was aimed at knowing the health situation of the children through general health data, evaluation of stress - physical, psychological, psychological with depressive components and psycho-physiological, beyond the data on their emotional functioning. For this, we used a general data questionnaire, the Child Stress Scale (ESI) and the Test of Fables. The evaluation was made in 31 children attending the service, with ages between 4 and 12 years. This study was characterized a descriptive and correlational. The data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The calculations were performed using SPSS 13.0. The sample comprised 32.2% of girls (N = 10) and 66.7% of boys (N = 21), with a mean age of 9.39 years. Among the findings, stands out the fact that 80.6% of the children are using at least one medication, being, in its majority, psychiatric medication. Moreover, it is emphasized the fact that 63.2% of the children showed symptoms of stress, and most of them were in alert phase. Of these, 73.7% presented psychological stress with depressive component. Noteworthy is also the fact that 41.6% of the boys exhibit stress, while this data for girls is 85.8%. In regard to emotional functioning, the children showed, in most cases, less primitive defenses and the content of fables used, proved to be adapted. It stands out, in this way, the importance of evaluations of differential diagnosis and assessment of protective factors in considering health promotion and prevention for these children. / Chapeuzinho Amarelo, personagem do livro de mesmo nome de Chico Buarque, conta a história da menina que, a partir dos seus aparatos físicos e psíquicos, conseguiu transformar o LO-BO, do qual sentia muito medo, em BO-LO. Neste sentido, pensa-se que, ao se conhecer a saúde das crianças e estes aparatos , pode-se pensar em melhores intervenções para o seu bem-estar. A saúde da criança, tanto física quanto psíquica, tem sido um tema de relevante importância em pesquisas no mundo todo, visto que uma criança saudável tem maiores chances de vir a ser um adulto saudável. O presente trabalho está vinculado a um projeto maior, que visa aplicar uma intervenção em termos de ambiente terapêutico no CAPS Infantil de Santa Maria, RS (PROCONVIVE, edital PPSUS/FAPERGS 002/2009 n° de processo 0900982). Nesse ínterim, foi detectada a necessidade de uma avaliação de dados de saúde das crianças visto que nem sempre isso pode ser proporcionado a elas pelo serviço. Esta avaliação teve como objetivo principal conhecer a situação da saúde das crianças através de dados gerais de saúde, de avaliação de estresse físico, psicológico, psicológico com componente depressivo e psicofisiológico, além de dados sobre o funcionamento emocional destas. Para isso, foi utilizado um questionário de dados gerais, a Escala de Stress Infantil (ESI) e o Teste das Fábulas. Foram avaliadas 31 crianças usuárias do serviço com idades entre 4 e 12 anos. Este estudo caracterizou-se por ser transversal e descritivo. Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os cálculos foram realizados através de pacote estatístico SPSS 13.0. A amostra foi composta por 32.2% de meninas (N = 10) e 66.7% de meninos (N = 21) com média de idade de 9.39 anos. Dentre os achados, destaca-se o fato de 80.6% das crianças estarem utilizando pelo menos uma medicação sendo a maioria psiquiátrica. Além disso, sublinha-se o fato de 63.2% das crianças apresentarem sintomas de estresse, sendo que a maioria se encontra na fase de alerta. Destes, 73.7% apresentou estresse psicológico com componente depressivo. Chama atenção também o fato de 41.6% dos meninos apresentarem estresse enquanto que este dado para as meninas é de 85.8%. No que diz respeito ao funcionamento emocional, as crianças apresentaram, em sua maioria, defesas menos primitivas e o conteúdo das fábulas utilizadas mostrou-se adaptado. Destaca-se, desta forma, a importância de avaliações de diagnóstico diferencial e de fatores protetivos pensando em promoção e prevenção de saúde para estas crianças.

Children with sensorineural hearing loss may (re)gain hearing with a cochlear implant—a device that transforms sounds into electric pulses and bypasses the dysfunctioning inner ear by stimulating the auditory nerve directly with an electrode array. Many implanted children master the acquisition of spoken language successfully, yet we still have little knowledge of the actual input they receive with the implant and specifically which language sensitive cues they hear. This would be important however, both for understanding the flexibility of the auditory system when presented with stimuli after a (life-) long phase of deprivation and for planning therapeutic intervention. In rhythmic languages the general stress pattern conveys important information about word boundaries. Infant language acquisition relies on such cues and can be severely hampered when this information is missing, as seen for dyslexic children and children with specific language impairment. Here we ask whether children with a cochlear implant perceive differences in stress patterns during their language acquisition phase and if they do, whether it is present directly following implant stimulation or if and how much time is needed for the auditory system to adapt to the new sensory modality. We performed a longitudinal ERP study, testing in bimonthly intervals the stress pattern perception of 17 young hearing impaired children (age range: 9–50 months; mean: 22 months) during their first 6 months of implant use. An additional session before the implantation served as control baseline. During a session they passively listened to an oddball paradigm featuring the disyllable “baba,” which was stressed either on the first or second syllable (trochaic vs. iambic stress pattern). A group of age-matched normal hearing children participated as controls. Our results show, that within the first 6 months of implant use the implanted children develop a negative mismatch response for iambic but not for trochaic deviants, thus showing the same result as the normal hearing controls. Even congenitally deaf children show the same developing pattern. We therefore conclude (a) that young implanted children have early access to stress pattern information and (b) that they develop ERP responses similar to those of normal hearing children.