published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

This dissertation examines the modern Chinese script crisis in twentieth-century China. It situates the Chinese script crisis within the modern phenomenon of phonocentrism - the systematic privileging of speech over writing. It depicts the Chinese experience as an integral part of a worldwide crisis of non-alphabetic scripts in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It places the crisis of Chinese characters at the center of the making of modern Chinese language, literature, and culture. It investigates how the script crisis and the ensuing script revolution intersect with significant historical processes such as the Chinese engagement in the two World Wars, national and international education movements, the Communist revolution, and national salvation. Since the late nineteenth century, the Chinese writing system began to be targeted as the roadblock to literacy, science and democracy. Chinese and foreign scholars took the abolition of Chinese script to be the condition of modernity. A script revolution was launched as the Chinese response to the script crisis. This dissertation traces the beginning of the crisis to 1916, when Chao Yuen Ren published his English article "The Problem of the Chinese Language," sweeping away all theoretical oppositions to alphabetizing the Chinese script. This was followed by two major movements dedicated to the task of eradicating Chinese characters: First, the Chinese Romanization Movement spearheaded by a group of Chinese and international scholars which was quickly endorsed by the Guomingdang (GMD) Nationalist government in the 1920s; Second, the dissident Chinese Latinization Movement initiated in the Soviet Union and championed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the 1930s. This crisis was brought to an abrupt end in 1958, when Zhou Enlai, the first premier of the People's Republic of China, relegated the Romanization system pinyin to an official auxiliary status, secondary to Chinese characters, thus concluding the half-century struggle between the Chinese script and the alphabet. The final containment of the script crisis was partly a political decision of the new socialist state, and partly the result of the use of "baihua." The multivalent term baihua--plain speech, vernacular, and a colloquialized written language--enabled an unlikely reconciliation between the phonocentric dreams of a Chinese alphabet and a character-based Chinese national language and literature. This alternative solution to the script crisis, which grew from within the Chinese script, was rehearsed in the first modern Chinese anti-illiteracy program in France during the Great War. The solution was consolidated as a colloquialized written Chinese became the staple of modern Chinese literary writing. The negotiated baihua--imprinted profoundly by the phonocentric-biased discourse- on the one hand registers the historical reality of the modern Chinese writing as a written language; on the other, it keeps alive the phonocentric dreams of modern China.

published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Language Studies / Master / Master of Arts

published_or_final_version / Language Studies / Master / Master of Arts

published_or_final_version / Psychology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

黃孕祺. / 稿本(電腦打印本) / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學藝術學部. / Gao ben (dian nao da yin ben) / Includes bibliographical references. / Huang Yunqi. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yi shu xue bu. / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒言 --- p.1 / Chapter 一 --- 甲骨學九十年 / Chapter 二 --- 回顧甲骨文書法研究 / Chapter 三 --- 本文旨要 / Chapter 第二章 --- 商殷文字 --- p.22 / Chapter 一 --- 漢字起源的臆說 / Chapter 二 --- 甲骨文與陶符 / Chapter 三 --- 甲骨文與玉文、金文 / Chapter 第三章 --- 占卜文化 --- p.48 / Chapter 一 --- 用龜、骨卜、龜卜與甲骨文字 / Chapter 二 --- 殷卜程序與甲骨文字 / Chapter 三 --- 甲骨書契的本質 / Chapter 第四章 --- 殷禮格局 --- p.78 / Chapter 一 --- 宗教的政治化 / Chapter 二 --- 宗教的道德化 / Chapter 三 --- 殷禮的「兩重」 / Chapter 第五章 --- 因形見意 --- p.113 / Chapter 一 --- 書寫構形的表意 / Chapter 二 --- 字體構造的表意 / Chapter 三 --- 視覺元素的表意 / Chapter 第六章 --- 書契筆法 --- p.146 / Chapter 一 --- 毛筆與刀筆 / Chapter 二 --- 執筆與用筆 / Chapter 三 --- 書寫與契刻 / Chapter 第七章 --- 結體章法 --- p.178 / Chapter 一 --- 字形異寫多體 / Chapter 二 --- 結體守常知變 / Chapter 三 --- 章法放中有矩 / Chapter 第八章 --- 書體研究 --- p.213 / Chapter 一 --- 甲骨斷代研究的「書體」 / Chapter 二 --- 「書體」的斷代功能 / Chapter 三 --- 甲骨學「書體J與藝術風格 / Chapter 第九章 --- 筆意風神 --- p.246 / Chapter 一 --- 一代書體 / Chapter 二 --- 書風範式 / Chapter 三 --- 地域風格 / Chapter 第十章 --- 結語 --- p.282 / Chapter 一 --- 從殷墟到周原 / Chapter 二 --- 從殷禮到儒、道 / Chapter 三 --- 從甲骨文字到書法藝術 / 徵引著錄簡稱表 --- p.309 / 主要參考書目 --- p.311 / 附圖 --- p.315 / 【圖二 . 1】新石器時代至商代陶符概覽 --- p.315 / 【圖二 . 2】商代玉文 --- p.316 / Chapter A --- 契刻玉文 / Chapter B --- 朱書玉文 / 【圖二 . 3】商代金文 --- p.317 / 【圖三.1】賈湖遣址之刻符龜甲 --- p.318 / 【圖四.1】鑽灼現兆記數刻辭的對稱關連 --- p.319 / 【圖五.1】小屯丙組基址全貌 --- p.320 / 【圖五.2】潤澤光亮的龜版 --- p.321 / 【圖五.3】龜腹甲部位、齒縫、盾紋圔 ´ؤ´ؤ --- p.322 / 【圖五.4】塗朱（《海》八） --- p.323 / 【圖五.5】塗黃（《海》二六） --- p.324 / 【圖五.6】「圖畫文字」 1、2 --- p.325 / 【圖五.7】「圖畫文字」3、4、5 --- p.326 / 【圖五.8】「圖畫文字」6、7 --- p.327 / 【圖六.1】「祀」字之陶片墨書與骨販刻字 --- p.328 / 【圖六.2】殷代刻刀 --- p.329 / 【圖六.3】殷代刻刀鋒刃的推測 --- p.330 / 【圖六.4】執刀法 --- p.331 / Chapter A --- 斜執法 / Chapter B --- 直執法 / 【圖六.5】甲骨文毛筆筆法 --- p.332 / Chapter A --- 筆順次第 / Chapter B --- 硃書 / Chapter C --- 墨書 / 【圖六.6】甲骨文契刀刀法 --- p.333 / Chapter A --- 雙刀施刻次第 / Chapter B --- 雙刀字溝 / Chapter C --- 圓底、平底字溝 / Chapter D --- 單刀字溝 / 【圖六.7】甲骨文契刻筆法示例 --- p.334 / Chapter A --- 「牢」 / Chapter B --- 「午」 / Chapter C --- 「七一六七六六貞吉」 / Chapter D --- 「亦」 / 【圖六.8】缺刻橫劃與先書後契例 --- p.335 / Chapter A --- 《粹》一一四 / Chapter B --- 《乙》六六六七 / 【圖六.9】甲骨文筆劃粗肥圓潤例 --- p.336 / 【圖七.1】結體蹙展變化例 --- p.337 / 【圖七.2】字筆M蹙展變化例 --- p.338 / 【圖七.3】字縱向蹙展變化例 --- p.339 / 【圖七.4】字橫向蹙展變化例 --- p.340 / 【圖七.5】字斜向蹙展變化例 --- p.341 / 【圖七.6】結體疏密變化例 --- p.342 / 【圖七.7】單體、兩部結構敧倒變化例 --- p.343 / 【圖七´Ø8】三部、包裹結構敧側變化例 --- p.344 / 【圖七.9】軸對稱、部份對稱敧側變化例 --- p.345 / 【圖七.10】重文結構敧側變化例 --- p.346 / 【圖七.11】開篇管領例 --- p.347 / 【圖七.12】行氣例 --- p.348 / 【圖七.13】行氣與物料關傺例 --- p.349 / 【圖七.14】鑽鑿、兆紋方向示意圖 --- p.350 / 【圖七.15】甲骨對稱卜用圖 --- p.351 / 【圖七.16】牛胛骨行文款式 --- p.352 / 【圖七.17】牛胛骨反面之整治與鑽鑿 --- p.353 / 【圖七.18】腹甲刻辭之先後關係 --- p.354 / 【圖七.19】腹甲同一事刻辭之相對關係 --- p.355 / 【圖七.20】腹甲刻辭行文方向 --- p.356 / 【圖八.1】董作賓「五期書體」舉例 --- p.357 / 【圖九.1】書風範式：宏放文雅 --- p.358 / 【圖九.2】書風範式：宏放野逸 --- p.359 / 【圖九.3】書風範式：謹嚴輕細 --- p.360 / 【圖九.4】書風範式：謹嚴重厚 --- p.361 / 【圖九.5】書風範式 --- p.362 / 【圖九.6】之書風類型 --- p.363 / 【圖九.7】之書風類型 --- p.364 / 【圖九.8】一版三種書風之例 --- p.365 / 【圖十.1】周原龜腹甲 --- p.366 / 【圖十.2】周原牛胛骨 --- p.367 / 【圖十.3】周原甲骨微刻及橫刻例 --- p.368 / Chapter A --- 放大約17倍甲片 / Chapter B --- 橫向縱行刻辭 / 【圖十.4】周原甲骨書風例 --- p.369 / 附表 --- p.370 / 【表一】殷代先公先王世条表 --- p.370 / 【表二】商周八卦符號登記表 --- p.371 / 【表三】甲骨文對稱字例 --- p.372 / 【表四】干支字早晚變化略表 --- p.377

康寶文. / 手稿本, 複本據手稿本影印. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Shou gao ben, fu ben ju shou gao ben ying yin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 827-840). / Kang Baowen. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / Chapter 第一章 --- 秦始皇帝統一以前秦國古文字概述 / Chapter 第一節 --- 秦公鐘、簋與石鼓文 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 詛楚文 --- p.31 / Chapter 第三節 --- 雲夢秦簡 --- p.57 / Chapter 第二章 --- 秦始皇刻石溯原 / Chapter 第一節 --- 巡行封禪 --- p.69 / Chapter 第二節 --- 刻石之形狀 --- p.77 / Chapter 第三節 --- 刻石之書者 --- p.85 / Chapter 第三章 --- 始皇刻石銘辭考釋 / Chapter 第一節 --- 繹山刻石考釋 始皇廾八年 --- p.90 / Chapter 第二節 --- 泰山刻石考釋 始皇廾八年 --- p.264 / Chapter 第三節 --- 琅邪臺刻石考釋 始皇廾八年 --- p.405 / Chapter 第四節 --- 之眾刻石考釋始 皇廾九年 --- p.502 / Chapter 第五節 --- 之眾東觀刻石考釋 始皇廾九年 --- p.530 / Chapter 第六節 --- 碣石門刻石考釋 始皇卅二年 --- p.551 / Chapter 第七節 --- 會稽刻石考釋 始皇卅七年 --- p.608 / Chapter 第八節 --- 其他秦始皇刻石存目 --- p.817 / Chapter 附錄一 --- 引用書目簡稱表 --- p.825 / Chapter 附錄二 --- 參考書目 --- p.827

李秀華. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學藝術學部, 1998. / 附參考文獻. / 中英文摘要. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Li Xiuhua. / Lun wen (Bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yi shu xue bu, 1998. / Fu can kao wen xian. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.