The high speed supernatant of mouse liver is active in the C-20 ketone reduction of a number of various steroids (l). The 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase responsible for the C-20 ketone reduction of corticosterone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone could be purified by calcium phosphate gel and ammonium sulphate fractionation. The activity was absorbed on the gel between the ratios 2:1 and 6:1 (gel/enzyme preparation - w/w) and eluted with .05 M phosphate buffer resulting in a recovery of 49.6% of the original activity. This preparation was then further purified with ammonium sulphate, the enzyme activity being recovered in the 48 -70% fraction. The overall recovery of corticosterone 20α-hydroxy-steroid dehydrogenase was 34.1% with a 5. fold purification. Acetone or acid fractionation and Sephadex G-75 filtration did not lead to further purification. The activity could also be recovered from the crude preparation by fractionation on a Sephadex G-100 column. 87% of the original activity was recovered in one pooled fraction giving a purification of 3.3 fold. The 20a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reducing 11β-hydroxy-progesterone could be separated from the corticosterone 20α-hydroxy-steroid by calcium phosphate gel fractionation. The former activity was not eluted by 0.05 M phosphate buffer but came off in phosphate buffers of higher ionic strength. No definite conclusions as to separation on Sephadex G-100 columns were obtained due to the in-activation of the 11β-hydroxyprogesterone 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which could be partly reduced by the presence of NADPH₂. This enzyme was somewhat unstable, being inactivated by 3 day dialysis against running tap water and filtration on a Sephadex G-25 column while the corticosterone 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydro genase was little affected by these procedures. The multiple nature of the 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases was also shown by a comparison of the ratio of products from various enzyme fractions. The ratio of 20α-dihydro-11-dehydro corticosterone to 20α-dihydrocorticosterone after incubations with 11-dehydrocorticosterone and corticosterone respectively remained constant indicating one enzyme. However, the ratio of 20α-dihydro-11-dehydrocorticosterone to 20α-dihydro-11β-hydroxyprogesterone after incubations with 11-dehydrocorticosterone and 11β-hydroxy-progesterone respectively varied greatly indicating that these two substrates were reduced by different 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. / Medicine, Faculty of / Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of / Graduate

No Abstract

For the present, at least, the Central Business District of a City has the potential to provide opportunity, amenity and diversity for those people who care to seek it out. This would perhaps not be worthwhile or so interesting were it to lack the day to day and long-ranging problems that confront the individual, the household, the firm, the interest group, the pressure group and the planner in this unique environment. If the challenge is to be accepted then the environment should be questioned in order to find out if it will continue to exist and what structure and form it should have. Since the city centre is traditionally the pedestrian domain it is as well to study the space in which the pedestrian has to perform, before he is driven out of it, which hopefully might not be for some time to come. Little can be said in this thesis that has not been said before and the aim is here not concerned with networks, matrices or models nor can there be any detailed determinism of standards, actual physical elements or methods of affectuation. The attempt is an investigation of some aspects of the pattern of the open spaces and of the people who use them, and an attempt to gauge the extent of the regard for people in the open space network of the C.B.D. Because of the Republic's racial policy all places downtown are not for all the people all the time and in order to be significant this investigation would have to study the different social patterns for each race group, however the subject is treated as though the population were homogeneous. The street in the C.B.D., more than any other place anywhere else is for everyone.

No description available.

Orientador: Arlêude Bortolozzi / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T12:22:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Branco_MariaIsabelVieira_D.pdf: 5695745 bytes, checksum: 9c09d0027bda52ae290c0a98d54b601c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a transformação do espaço urbano de Paulínia SP, a partir de autores, como Santos, Carlos, Harvey, Botelho, Bauman e documentos oficiais, questionários, entrevistas, fotos, imagens e observações na cidade e arredores. Alavancado pela renda dos impostos, advindos do polo petroquímico - Refinaria do Planalto - Replan - e grandes indústrias, como Shell do Brasil, Du Pont, Galvani, CBI Industrial, o governo municipal decidiu tornar Paulínia um polo turístico e cinematográfico, construindo grandes obras, como o Paço Municipal, Shopping Center, Rodoviária, Teatro e outras. Esta tese tratou de entender o processo do Citymarketing no espaço público de Paulínia/SP e suas implicações na gestão da cidade, procurando responder aos seguintes questionamentos: Quais as implicações do processo de mercantilização do espaço público em Paulínia/SP na gestão da cidade e o posicionamento da população com relação às megaobras. As respostas a estas questões se somam aos principais objetivos desta tese que foram: entender as novas formas de usos do território e o processo de mercantilização e espetacularização do mesmo, através do Citymarketing. Identificar as recentes intervenções urbanas na gestão da cidade de Paulínia e suas implicações na construção de novas identidades para sua população. As respostas a essas questões somente foram possíveis através de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com enfoque para o método dialético, como uma relação dinâmica entre sujeito e objeto, que teve no espaço da cidade sua base de dados. Participaram da pesquisa, diferentes informantes para obter posições variadas, as quais, por sua vez, contribuíram para uma compreensão mais abrangente da problemática. Foram analisadas as entrevistas com representantes do poder público, com pessoas que têm ligação mais estreita com a cidade, pesquisadores e pessoas ligadas à ONGs. Foram feitas várias imagens, através de fotos dos locais visitados e das novas transformações empreendidas na cidade. Como resultados desta tese, foram apontadas críticas a este estilo urbanista presente hoje em Paulínia, mostrando os aspectos de apropriação, assimilação, estranhamento e alienação por parte da população com respeito à ausência de uma gestão democrática para a cidade de Paulínia-SP / Abstract: The present work analyzes the transformation of the urban space of Paulinia/SP, from the perspective of authors such as Santos, Carlos, Harvey, Botelho, Bauman and others, as well as, from official documents, questionnaires, interviews, photos, images and observations in the city and in the surroundings. Driven by the income of the taxes from the petrochemical polo - Refinaria do Planalto - Replan - and big industries, as Shell do Brasil, Du Pont, Galvani, CBI Industrial, the municipality government decided to transform Paulinia in a touristic and cinematographic center, building great works such as Paço Municipal, Shopping Center, Bus Station, Theater and others. This thesis aimed at understanding the process of city marketing, in the public space of Paulinia/SP and its implications in the administration of the city, trying to answer the following questions: 1- What are the processes of commercialization of the public space in Paulinia/SP in the administration of the city? 2 - What is the position of the population in relation to the mega works? The answers to these questions are in agreement with the main objectives of this thesis which were to understand the new forms of the use of the territory and the process of commercialization and magnificentization/spectacularization of it, by means of the city marketing as well as, the identification of the recent urban interventions in the management of the city and its implications in the construction of new identities for its population. The present study was only possible through a qualitative research focusing on the dialectic method, as a dynamic relation between the subject and the object, which had, in the space of the city, its database. Different informants participated of this research to obtain varying positions that contributed to have a more comprising comprehension of the problem. Interviews with representatives of the public power, persons that were closely related to the city, researchers and people linked to the ONGs were analyzed. Several images were produced through photographs of the places that were visited and of the new transformation that happened in the city. As a result this thesis pointed some critical elements to the present urban style in the city, showing the appropriation, assimilation, strangeness and alienation's aspects from its population, all of them related to the lack of a democratic management to the city of Paulinia - SP - Brazil / Doutorado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Doutor em Ciências

Orientador: Arlete Moysés Rodrigues / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T20:00:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Liguori_FernandaPereira_M.pdf: 7091663 bytes, checksum: 4415355e713e28299545054b05ad5a8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A intenção deste trabalho foi compreender como o projeto ideológico e prático da revalorização urbana do Centro de São Paulo vem sendo elaborado e materializado no espaço, graças às ações do poder público em parceria com a iniciativa privada. E como um cenário idealizado e desejado pelas elites locais permeia e perpassa o planejamento urbanístico do Estado, a serviço do interesse de proprietários de terra e incorporadores. Em contrapartida, os movimentos sociais lutam em defesa dos interesses e necessidades da coletividade, para manter e permanecer em suas territorialidades, onde o espaço configura-se como campo de sonhos e lutas pelo direito à cidade. A contradição do uso desejado do Centro de São Paulo está no conflito de interesses entre os agentes capitalistas produtores do espaço e do outro a população de baixa renda. De um lado, estão os agentes capitalistas e suas estratégias de transformação do espaço em mercadoria, onde a especulação ativa o valor de troca, fazendo a terra gerar renda e lucro. Do outro lado, está a população de baixa renda, cujas demandas reivindicam o valor de uso, o direito à dignidade da moradia, da infraestrutura urbana, dos serviços públicos de qualidade, do lazer e da cultura. A revalorização urbana do Centro de São Paulo é um processo movido pelos agentes produtores do espaço tipicamente capitalistas e pelo Estado, inspirado em modelos importados, que visa promover a readequação do patrimônio urbano edificado por meio de intervenções urbanas pontuais de embelezamento e readequação das velhas estruturas urbanas à nova ordem econômica, com vistas a atender certas demandas de clientes com maior poder aquisitivo, na busca de soluções pontuais e locais. Os novos usos - o turismo e a cultura - representam no discurso dominante as soluções para o patrimônio degradado e obsoleto de muitos centros históricos, trazendo um novo dinamismo econômico e social para estas regiões na tentativa de reinseri-las no circuito produtivo do capital / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to understand how the ideological and practical design of the revaluation of the urban center of Sao Paulo has been developed and materialized in space, thanks to the actions of the government in partnership with the private sector. And as an idealized scenario and desired by local elites permeates and pervades the urban planning of the state, serving the interests of landowners and developers. In contrast, social movements are fighting to defend the interests and needs of the community to maintain and stay in their territoriality, where space is configured as a field of dreams and struggles for the right to the city. The contradiction of the intended use of the Center of São Paulo is the conflict of interests between the capitalist agents producers of space and other low-income population. On one side are the agents and their strategies for capitalist transformation of the commodity space, speculating where the exchange value, causing the earth to generate income and profit. On the other side is the low income population, whose needs demand the use value, the right to dignity of housing, urban infrastructure, quality of public services, leisure and culture. The revaluation of the urban center of Sao Paulo is a process driven by agents of the space typically capitalist producers and the state, inspired by imported models, which aims to promote the upgrading of urban heritage built through urban interventions specific beautification and upgrading of old structures urban to the new economic order, in order to meet certain demands of customers with higher purchasing power in pursuit of specific and local solutions. New uses - tourism and culture - represent the dominant discourse on solutions for degraded and obsolete assets of many historical centers, bringing a new economic dynamism and social support for these regions in an attempt to reinsert them into the productive circuit of capital / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

Orientador: Cristina Meneguello / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T15:45:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_DaisySerra_D.pdf: 17587555 bytes, checksum: d7babb87daaf16082d65901528cb7f10 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: No período entre 1931 a 1946, verificamos, através dos relatórios dos prefeitos municipais à Câmara dos vereadores, que a cidade de Campinas passava por modificações urbanas significativas. Uma série de leis e medidas administrativas passam a ser implementadas no sentido, ao que tudo indica, de incentivar a organização do município para enfrentar uma vocação que teve início no final do século XIX, ou seja, uma função cada vez mais ligada à industria. Nas manifestações desta interferência e seus impactos no poder municipal, é que propomos projeto para se estudar as hipóteses de que os mecanismos aplicados nesta ação possam ter sido fator significativo na configuração do modelo de cidade industrial revelado em Campinas no período, como também parece ter vindo impedir o surgimento de lideranças políticas regionais. A implantação deste sistema nas políticas urbanas refletidas na distribuição do uso dos espaços, são pontos que nortearão nossa linha de pesquisa / Abstract: In the period enter 1931 and 1946, verify, through the reports of the municipal mayors to the Chamber of the councilmen who the city of Campinas passed for significant urban modifications. An administrative series of laws and me!lsures pass to be implemented in the direction to stÍmulate the organization of the city to face a vocation that had beginning in the end of century XIX, that is, a function each on time the industry. In the manifestations of this interference and its impacts in the municipal power, it is that we consider project to study the hypotheses of that the mechanisms applied in this action can have been significant facto r in the configuration of the discosed model of industrial city in Campinas in the period, as well as seems to have come to hinder the sprouting of leaderships regional politicas. The implantation of this system in the reflected urban politicas in the distribution of the use of the spaces, is points that will guide our line of research / Doutorado / Politica, Memoria e Cidade / Doutor em História