Submitted by dayse paz (daysepaz@hotmail.com) on 2016-04-06T14:31:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta_o_Daiane_KAFER.pdf: 1161357 bytes, checksum: 583dfb9dd82e3830703145f214aa3bf1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by cleuza maria medina dos santos (cleuzamai@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-10T19:58:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta_o_Daiane_KAFER.pdf: 1161357 bytes, checksum: 583dfb9dd82e3830703145f214aa3bf1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-10T19:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta_o_Daiane_KAFER.pdf: 1161357 bytes, checksum: 583dfb9dd82e3830703145f214aa3bf1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Neste estudo, investigamos a composição e distribuição das macrófitas aquáticas de uma área úmida no sul do Brasil conhecida como Banhado 25 e sua relação com algumas variáveis abióticas. Para tanto foram alocadas 30 unidades amostrais permanentes de 1m2 distribuídas em duas áreas: uma com domínio de Scirpus giganteus Kunth (Área A) e outra com domínio de Cladium jamaicense Crantz (Área B) onde realizamos a identificação e estimativa da cobertura das macrófitas durante dois períodos, inverno e verão. Simultaneamente foram avaliadas características químicas do sedimento, a profundidade da água e a radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (PAR) em cada unidade amostral. Foram identificadas 66 espécies distribuídas em 27 famílias nas duas áreas estudadas durante os dois períodos amostrados. Os valores de riqueza de espécies (S), diversidade de Shannon (H’) e o equabilidade de Pielou (J’) diferiram entre as áreas amostradas, assim como a composição de espécies, apresentando maiores valores na área B. A área A apresentou uma maior dispersão multivariada quando comparada com a área B, ocorrendo uma maior variabilidade de espécies nas unidades amostrais. A ordenação das unidades amostrais da análise de correspondência canônica (CCA) evidenciou a diferença entre as duas áreas, onde a área A esteve associada a profundidade da coluna d’ água, PAR e ao teor de alumínio no sedimento enquanto que a área B esteve associada ao pH, Mg e Ca. O coeficiente de Spearman indicou correlação negativa entre a cobertura das espécies dominantes e a riqueza de espécies, assim como com a taxa de radiação fotossintéticamente ativa que chega ao substrato. Concluímos que a variação na composição e distribuição das macrófitas refletiu a heterogeneidade espacial e temporal do Banhado 25. / In this study, we have investigated the composition and distribution of macrophytes in two locations of a wetland in southern of Brazil and its relation to abiotic variables. For this purpose were allocated 30 permanent samples units of 1m² divided into two areas: one area of Scirpus giganteus Kunth (Area A) and another domain of Cladium jamaisence Crantz (Area B) where we performed the identification and estimation of coverage of macrophytes during two periods, winter and summer. Simultaneously were evaluated chemical characteristics of the sediment, water depth and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) in each sample unit. We identified 66 species distributed in 27 families in the two areas studied during the two periods. Species richness (S) values, Shannon index (H’) and Pielou equability (J’) showing difference between the sampling sites, as well as species composition, with higher values in the area B. The area A showed a greater dispersion multivariate compared to the area B, occurring a greater variability of species in the sample units. The ordination of sample units of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed the difference between the two areas, where the area A was associated to the depth of the water column, PAR and the aluminum content in the sediment while area B was associated to the other chemical sediment variables. The Spearman correlation coefficient indicated a negative correlation between the cover of the dominant species and species richness, as well as the rate of photosynthetic active radiation that reaches to the substrate. We have concluded that variation in the composition and distribution of macrophytes reflected the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Banhado 25.

Peat is one of the most important materials used for soil amendment in commercial horticulture. Traditionally, sphagnum peat has been the dominating form of peat used, but other forms of peat may also prove to be of great use. Sometimes, peat must be removed from restored wetlands in order to create more open patches of water. This offers a potential to use the removed peat for something productive. In this study, it was examined if peat made up from Cladium sp. could be used to mix with a sand soil to gain a higher yield of crops. Corn were planted in sand soil containing varying amounts of peat mixed in. The crops were then allowed to grow for around 50 days before harvest. After harvesting, it was found that the yield was higher from the crops that had been growing in a soil that had some amount of peat mixed in with the sand. Further large-scale studies could determine if this could be used as an economic and sustainable alternative to sphagnum peat.