Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-139).

University, Diss., 2000--Jena. / Text engl.

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The Baltic Sea is a brackish water that is severely affected by eutrophication. Anthropogenic (human) nitrogen emissions is a contributing factor leading to algal blooms and hypoxic and anoxic seabeds. Municipal wastewater treatment plants account for 27 percent of the nitrogen emissions into the Baltic Proper. According to an article published by Karlsson-Ottosson in the magazine Ny Teknik and the HAVET 2015/2016 report, the increased meat consumption causes difficulties for the sewage treatment plants to purify the nitrogen in the wastewater. This, according to the article and report mentioned, correlates with increased nitrogen emissions from the municipal wastewater treatment plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate if this observed correlation could be confirmed. This study has measured the nitrogen content of urine from participants (n=36) categorized by diet. The diet categories that was included in this study were meat (K), lacto-ovo vegetarian (LOV) and vegan (V). The daily protein intake from the participants in the categories mentioned above was analyzed in this study. Furthermore, the growth of green algae (Cladophora glomerata) and presence of phytoplankton was investigated by fertilizing the collected samples with urine. The results show that there is no difference in nitrogen content in urine, neither in the protein intake between the three diet categories, nor in the case of presence of phytoplankton. Regarding the growth of the green algae, there was a significant difference between the diet groups of meat (K) and control (KON), and also between meat (K) and people on a vegan diet (V). The green algae therefore grew better in brackish water with urine from people who had a meat (K) diet than it did in brackish water with urine from people who had a vegan (V) diet. Though the growth results showed a significant difference between these diet groups (K and V), the alleged correlation between increasing meat consumption and increasing nitrogen emissions from municipal wastewater treatment plants needs to be further studied. / Östersjön är ett brackvattenhav som är svårt drabbat av eutrofiering. Antropogena (mänskliga) kväveutsläpp är en bidragande orsak som leder till algblomning samt hypoxiska och anoxiska bottnar. Kommunala avloppsreningsverk står för 27 procent av kvävetillförseln till Egentliga Östersjön. I en artikel som publicerats av Karlsson-Ottosson samt i rapporten HAVET 2015/2016, orsakar den ökade köttkonsumtionen svårigheter för avloppsreningsverken att rena avloppsvattnet från kväve. Detta korrelerar, enligt artikeln och rapporten, med de ökade kväveutsläppen från avloppsreningsverken. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om korrelationen kunde fastställas. Denna studie har mätt kvävehalten i urin från deltagare kategoriserade efter kosthållning. Dessa kategorier är kött (K), lakto-ovo vegetarian (LOV) samt vegan (V). Proteinintaget hos deltagarna undersöktes, kategoriserat efter ovan nämnda kategorier. Vidare har tillväxten av grönslick (Cladophora glomerata) samt förekomsten av fytoplankton med tillsatt urin från de insamlade proverna undersökts. Resultaten visade ingen skillnad gällande kvävehalten i urin mellan de tre kategorierna. Det var inte heller någon skillnad gällande proteinintaget mellan dessa. Förekomsten av fytoplankton påvisade inte någon skillnad. Angående tillväxten av grönslick påvisades en signifikant skillnad mellan grupperna kött (K) och kontroll (KON) samt mellan kött (K) och vegan (V). Grönslick tillväxer därför mer i brackvatten med urin från människor som äter kött än den gör i brackvatten med urin från människor med vegansk kost. Då resultaten gällande tillväxt på grönslick visade en signifikant skillnad mellan kosthållningarna (K och V) behöver den påstådda korrelationen mellan ökad köttkonsumtion och ökade kväveutsläpp från kommunala avloppsreningsverk studeras vidare.

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In the future, the cultivation of algae for food may become increasingly important in Sweden. But this area is still new in Europe and most of the harvest today comes from wild stocks. In Sweden, cultivation is only available on the west coast, but research is underway to see if it is possible to start cultivating macroalgae in the Baltic Sea as well. The Baltic Sea has completely different biological conditions than the west coast, and one of the challenges is the low salinity, which limits the species that can live in the Baltic Sea. This is something that the Marine Center in Simrishamn is also researching in the project Tångkusten, of which this study is a part of. The purpose of this study is to use a literature study to compile available knowledge about which algae that has the potential to be cultivated in the future and what the life cycles of these algae look like. An inventory of the macroalgae found locally in Hanöbukten was also carried out. Based on this information, possible cultivation methods and the advantages of each species are discussed, but also the challenges that may arise.  The results showed that the most abundant species were filamentous brown algae, bladder wrack and saw wrack . The species deemed most cultivable are gut weed and sea lettuce. Clawed fork weed, bladder wrack and saw wrack are also considered to have some cultivation potential. Among the biggest challenges are the growth of epiphytic algae and finding a suitable site for cultivation. / Projektet Tångkusten på Marint centrum i Simrishamn