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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Maturação, conservação e capacidade antioxidante em goiabas "paluma". / Maturation, conservation and antioxidant capacity in guavas "paluma".

VENCESLAU, Wélida Cristina Dantas. 16 May 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-05-16T19:41:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WÉLIDA CRISTINA DANTAS VENCELAU - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1365173 bytes, checksum: 20576f26089aa96ddf1d6ad5fb8dcaa5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-16T19:41:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WÉLIDA CRISTINA DANTAS VENCELAU - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1365173 bytes, checksum: 20576f26089aa96ddf1d6ad5fb8dcaa5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / A goiaba destaca-se por possuir excelente qualidade nutricional e funcional. No entanto, devido à intensa atividade metabólica desse fruto os cuidados pós-colheita são essenciais para a redução das perdas e manutenção de sua qualidade. Neste contexto, as técnicas de conservação visam reduzir as taxas metabólicas, mantendo os frutos na fase pré-climatérica por um período mais longo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade e a capacidade antioxidante de goiabas „Paluma‟, submetidas à atmosfera modificada utilizando biofilme comestível a base de fécula de mandioca, polietileno a vácuo e controle (sem revestimento), armazenadas sob duas temperaturas (24 °C e 10 °C). O presente estudo foi subdividido em três experimentos, onde: Experimento I - foram avaliadas as características físicas, químicas, compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante da goiaba „Paluma‟ em diferentes estádios de maturação; Experimento II - foram comparados os efeitos em goiabas ‟Paluma‟ revestidas com biofilme de fécula de mandioca a 2% e 4% (BFM 2 e 4%), polietileno a vácuo e controle (sem revestimento) no comportamento pós-colheita dos frutos armazenados sob temperatura de 24 °C por um período de 10 dias e temperatura refrigerada de 10 °C por um período de 24 dias; e Experimento III - foram identificados os compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante dos dois melhores tratamentos avaliados no Experimento II (tratamentos com BFM a 2% e polietileno a vácuo armazenados a 10 °C). Os experimentos foram realizados no Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos de Origem Vegetal do CCTA/UFCG, no Campus de Pombal - PB. Para os três experimentos o delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado. Em relação ao Experimento I, o efeito dos tratamentos foi avaliado através da análise de variância e a comparação das médias foi feita pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Para o Experimento II o delineamento foi disposto em esquema fatorial 4 x 6 (4 tratamentos com atmosfera modificada e 6 períodos de avaliações) para temperatura de 24 °C e 4 x 7 (4 tratamentos com atmosfera modificada e 7 períodos de avaliações) para temperatura de 10 °C, com três repetições de dois frutos/parcela. As temperaturas foram avaliadas independentes dos tratamentos aplicados. A partir dos resultados das análises de variância preliminares, os resultados foram submetidos à análise de regressão polinomial. Em relação ao Experimento III foi disposto em um esquema fatorial 2 x 7 (2 os tratamentos co atmosfera modificada e 7 os períodos de avaliação), com três repetições de dois frutos/parcela. A partir dos resultados das análises de variância preliminares, os resultados foram submetidos à análise de regressão polinomial. Verificou-se que o estádio IV (pigmentação verde predominante com traços amarelos) reuniu as melhores características, físicas e químicas para conservação pós-colheita, entretanto o estádio III (indício da pigmentação amarela) foi indicado o melhor para comercialização, principalmente visando mercados mais distantes. A goiaba ´Paluma` apresentou teores satisfatórios para ácido ascórbico, carotenoides e compostos fenólicos, constituindo fontes potenciais de compostos bioativos naturais e de excelente capacidade antioxidante. As atmosferas modificadas (polietileno a vácuo e biofilme de fécula de mandioca a 2%) associadas à refrigeração (10 °C) conservaram a qualidade e a integridade dos frutos, mantendo-os túrgidos, aparência atrativa durante um período mais prolongado. Goiabas „Paluma‟ podem ser classificadas frutos com elevado poder antioxidante, principalmente na casca, devendo, portanto, estimular o consumo desta fruta na íntegra. A polpa de goiabas „Paluma‟ revestidas com biofilme de fécula de mandioca a 2% e sob refrigeração apresentou maior ação antioxidante. / The guava stands out by having excelent nutrional and functional quality. However, due to the intense metabolic activity oh this fruit, postharvest care are essential to reducing losses and conservation its quality. In this context, preservation techniques intended to reduce the metabolic rates, kuping the fruit in preclimateric stage for a intended period. The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality and antioxidant capacity of „Paluma‟ guavas, when submitted to modified atmosphere using edible biofilm based for manioc starch, vacuum polyethylene and control (without coating), it was stored at two temperatures (24 °C and 10 °C). The present study was divided in three experiments, where: Experiment I – were evaluated physical, chemical, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of guava „Paluma‟ at different stages of maturation; Experiment II – the effects were compared in guava „Paluma‟ coated for manioc starch 2% and 4% (BFM 2% e 4%), vacuum polyethylene and control (without coating) in the postharvest fruit store at 24 °C for a period of 10 days and refrigerated temperature of 10 °C for a period of 24 days; Experiment III – were indentified the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of the two best treatments evaluated in the Experiment II (treatments with BFM 2% and vacuum polyethylene stored at 10 °C). The experiments were performed at the Laboratory Technology Products of Plant Origin of UFCG/CCTA/UATA, Campus Pombal – PB. For three experiments, was carried out in complete randomized design. In relation to the first experiment, the effect of the treatments was evaluated through of analysis of variance and comparison of average was done by Tukey test at 5 % probability. For the second experiment, the design was established in a factorial 4 x 6 (4 treatments and modified atmosphere periods of 6 reviews) to 24 °C and 4 x 7 (4 treatments modified atmosphere and periods of 7 reviews) to 10 °C, with three replicates of two fruits/portion. Temperatures were evaluated independent of the applied treatments. From the results of preliminary analyzes of variance, the results were subjected to polynomial regression. Compared to Experiment III was established in a factorial 2 x 7 (first factor corresponds to the two treatments and the second factor corresponds to the evaluation periods), with three replicates of two fruits/portion. From the results of preliminary analyzes of variance, the results were subjected to polynomial regression. The stage IV (predominantly green with yellow pigmentation traits) gathered the best characteristics physical and chemical for postharvest conservation, however stage III (early yellow pigmentation) was recommended for the best the marketing, mainly, targeting distant markets. The guava 'Paluma' showed satisfactory levels for ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, being potential sources of bioactive compounds for human diet and excellent antioxidant capacity. Modified atmospheres (vacuum and polyethylene biofilm manioc starch 2%) associated with refrigerated temperature preserved the quality and integrity of the fruit, keeping them turgid, attractive appearance for a longer period. 'Paluma' guava has powerful high antioxidant and can be classified, mainly, on the peel and therefore, the consuming fruit should be made in its totality. The pulp of 'Paluma' coated edible biofilm of manioc starch 2% and under refrigeration showed higher antioxidant activity.
2

Eficacia y seguridad de los estilbenos en el manejo de la sintomatología climatérica en mujeres de edad mediana: Una revisión sistemática / Efficacy and safety of stilbenes for the management of climacteric symptoms in middle-aged women: a systematic review

Villanueva Alvarado, Aryana Leonor, Trabucco Puicón, Claudia Estefany 13 February 2021 (has links)
Objetivo: Sintetizar la evidencia primaria con respecto a la eficacia y seguridad de los estilbenos en el tratamiento de la sintomatología climatérica en las mujeres de edad mediana. Métodos: Llevamos a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura según las recomendaciones del Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Realizamos la búsqueda primaria en Pubmed-Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, WOS-Medline, LILACS, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SciELO, CENTRAL y en registros internacionales de ensayos clínicos, sobre la eficacia y seguridad de los estilbenos en sintomatología climatérica. Consultamos fuentes de literatura gris, hasta diciembre del 2018, sin restricción de idioma. Usamos la herramienta de la Colaboración Cochrane para la evaluación de riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos. Resultados: Obtuvimos 2752 registros en la búsqueda primaria, a partir de los cuales seleccionamos cuatro ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados (ECAs) que reportaron desenlaces de eficacia y seguridad. Existe alta heterogeneidad entre los estudios en cuanto a la dosis, combinaciones con otros fitoestrógenos, duración de la suplementación, escalas de medición y reporte de desenlaces. En cuanto a la eficacia, un estudio reportó disminución significativa en todos los síntomas somáticos, en el grupo con resveratrol, con mayor reducción en el ítem de molestias musculares y articulares, donde solo el 16.7% de la población reportó estas molestias al final de la intervención, comparado a un 73.3% del brazo placebo (p<0.001). Por otro lado, un segundo estudio demostró mejoría significativa en el número (p=0.0077) e intensidad (p=0.018) de los episodios vasomotores en el grupo de la intervención. En contraparte, un tercer estudio mostró diferencias no significativas en el puntaje total de la subescala somática (7.7 ± 2.2; p ITT= 0.760) para el grupo de la intervención y (8.6 ± 2.2; p ITT= 0.760) para el grupo control. En relación a la eficacia de los estilbenos en sintomatología urogenital y psicológica, los resultados fueron contradictorios. En términos de seguridad, dos de los cuatro ECAs reportaron la ausencia de eventos adversos con la suplementación de resveratrol. Conclusión: La evidencia proveniente de los ECAs incluidos no es concluyente con respecto a la eficacia en la suplementación con estilbenos, particularmente con resveratrol, en el manejo de la sintomatología climatérica. Los ensayos clínicos reportaron la ausencia de eventos adversos con la suplementación de resveratrol, aunque este desenlace fue evaluado solo en la mitad de los estudios. Por ello, se requiere llevar a cabo futuros ensayos clínicos aleatorizados con un mejor diseño y mayor muestra, con el fin de alcanzar una conclusión definitiva sobre el uso de estilbenos. / Objective: To synthesize the evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of stilbenes to treat climacteric symptoms in middle-aged women. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched in Pubmed-Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, WOS-Medline, LILACS, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SciELO, CENTRAL and international registries of clinical trials, about the efficacy and safety of stilbenes in climacteric symptomatology. We consulted grey literature sources, until December 2018, without language restriction. We used the Cochrane Collaboration tool for risk of bias assessment of the included studies. Results: We obtained 2752 records in the primary search, from which we selected four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported efficacy and safety outcomes. We found that the included clinical trials were highly heterogeneous in terms of dose, combinations with other phytoestrogens, duration of supplementation, measurement scales, and outcome reporting. Regarding efficacy, one trial reported a significant decrease in all somatic symptoms in the resveratrol group, with the most significant reduction in muscular and joint discomfort, where only 16.7% of the population reported these symptoms at the end of the intervention, compared to 73.3% for the placebo arm (p<0.001). On the other hand, a second RCT showed significant improvement in the number (p=0.0077) and intensity (p=0.018) of vasomotor episodes in the intervention group. In contrast, a third trial showed non-significant differences in the somatic subscale total score, (7.7 ± 2.2; p ITT= 0.760) for the intervention group and (8.6 ± 2.2; p ITT= 0.760) for the control group. In terms of safety, two of four RCTs reported the absence of adverse events with resveratrol supplementation. Conclusion: Evidence from included RCTs is inconclusive regarding the efficacy of stilbene supplementation, particularly resveratrol, to manage climacteric symptomatology. Clinical trials reported the absence of adverse events with resveratrol supplementation, although this outcome was assessed in only half of the studies. Thus, future randomized clinical trials with a better design and larger sample are required to reach a definitive conclusion on stilbenes's use. / Tesis

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