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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The prehistory of material signification : tracing the nature and emergence of early body ornamentation through a pragmatic and enactive theory of cognitive semiotics

Iliopoulos, Antonios January 2015 (has links)
This thesis explores the nature and emergence of early body ornamentation, which has long been at the forefront of the debate on modern human origins. According to most prehistorians, ornamental shell beads are unequivocal proxies for behavioural and cognitive "modernity", for they are considered the arbitrary products of symbolically-capable brains. In my dissertation, I argue against the "symbolic" dictum of reducing material signification to linguistic terms, and attributing its creation to a representational mechanism. For one, the significative meaning of material culture is not entirely arbitrary, because concepts can be founded on physical properties and affordances. Moreover, material signification is not the epiphenomenal product of innate cognitive modules, for the mind is not a computational device that processes internal representations before externalising them through behaviour. I thus suggest that these theoretical fallacies about the nature and emergence of material signification can be overcome by combining a pragmatic semiotic approach with an enactive theory of cognition. Briefly put, a pragmatic semiotic theory describes the nature of material signification by recognising that significative concepts can be founded on physical qualities and relations, whereas an enactive theory of cognition accounts for the emergence of material signification by explaining how significative concepts are brought forth via the constitutive entwinement of mind and matter. Through the synergistic fusion of these theoretical tenets, the origins of early body ornamentation can be examined from a developmental perspective that treats the generation of significative meaning as the emergent product of material engagement. In its light, the preoccupation of most evolutionary archaeologists with the notion of "modernity" appears to be inherently problematic. It is therefore ultimately proposed that the dominant symbolic interpretation of material signification need be replaced with a pragmatic and enactive theory of cognitive semiotics that is suitably geared to trace the evolution of prehistoric material signs.
2

O felino na iconografia mochica: análise dos padrões de estilização na cerâmica ritual / The Feline in Mochica Iconography: Analysis of the Patterns of Stylization on the Ritual Ceramics

Bars, Cassia Rodrigues 07 January 2010 (has links)
Foram identificadas diversas ambigüidades e contradições acerca do significado semântico, e da identificação de imagens tidas como de \"felinos\", no trabalho de diversos pesquisadores da área andina. Essas contradições são constantemente acompanhadas por uma idéia de que as representações de felinos teriam um conjunto de significados comuns, presentes praticamente em todas as culturas pré-colombianas, desde o período pré-formativo. Este trabalho procura questionar essa idéia, demonstrando, através da sociedade mochica, que as representações de felinos que figuram em suas manifestações artístico-religiosas não correspondem a esta idéia de universalidade. Da mesma forma, são discutidas as contradições presentes na bibliografia, a fim de elucidar a condição do felino dentro do âmbito da cultura analisada. Será dada especial atenção ao fato de que, de forma geral, há uma identificação imediata de imagens de \"mamíferos com presas à mostra\", como sendo de felinos. / Several ambiguities and contradictions in relation to the meaning and the identification of images held as \"felines\" have been identified in the works of many researches specialized in the Andean Pre-Columbian cultures. Such contradictions are constantly followed by the concept that all feline representations would carry the same symbolic meanings, regardless of the cultural differences or of the context in which they would be inserted in. This present work challenges this idea by demonstrating, through the analysis of the iconography produced by the mochica culture, that its feline representations do not correspond to such generalizations. An attempt is also made to elucidate the condition of the image of the feline in realm of the culture here analyzed. Special attention will be given to the fact that usually images of other mammals that carry the symbol of the \"cross-fangs\" are mistakenly identified as felines.
3

O felino na iconografia mochica: análise dos padrões de estilização na cerâmica ritual / The Feline in Mochica Iconography: Analysis of the Patterns of Stylization on the Ritual Ceramics

Cassia Rodrigues Bars 07 January 2010 (has links)
Foram identificadas diversas ambigüidades e contradições acerca do significado semântico, e da identificação de imagens tidas como de \"felinos\", no trabalho de diversos pesquisadores da área andina. Essas contradições são constantemente acompanhadas por uma idéia de que as representações de felinos teriam um conjunto de significados comuns, presentes praticamente em todas as culturas pré-colombianas, desde o período pré-formativo. Este trabalho procura questionar essa idéia, demonstrando, através da sociedade mochica, que as representações de felinos que figuram em suas manifestações artístico-religiosas não correspondem a esta idéia de universalidade. Da mesma forma, são discutidas as contradições presentes na bibliografia, a fim de elucidar a condição do felino dentro do âmbito da cultura analisada. Será dada especial atenção ao fato de que, de forma geral, há uma identificação imediata de imagens de \"mamíferos com presas à mostra\", como sendo de felinos. / Several ambiguities and contradictions in relation to the meaning and the identification of images held as \"felines\" have been identified in the works of many researches specialized in the Andean Pre-Columbian cultures. Such contradictions are constantly followed by the concept that all feline representations would carry the same symbolic meanings, regardless of the cultural differences or of the context in which they would be inserted in. This present work challenges this idea by demonstrating, through the analysis of the iconography produced by the mochica culture, that its feline representations do not correspond to such generalizations. An attempt is also made to elucidate the condition of the image of the feline in realm of the culture here analyzed. Special attention will be given to the fact that usually images of other mammals that carry the symbol of the \"cross-fangs\" are mistakenly identified as felines.
4

Um código pictórico em comum - a expressão de uma cosmografia na cerâmica da região sudoeste dos EUA e suas relações com a região norte e central da Mesoamérica / A common pictoric code - the expression of a cosmography in the ceramics of the Southest region and its relations with north and central Mesoamerica.

Hering, Cássia Bars 08 April 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho propôs um estudo da cerâmica Anasazi/ Pueblo Antigo, Mogollon e Casas Grandes, com o intuito de averiguar a presença de um \"código pictórico\". Para tanto, foram realizadas análises quantitativas e qualitativas de um conjunto de 1.451 peças arqueológicas. Os resultados dessas análises levaram à constatação da existência de um \"código pictórico\" formado por um conjunto finito de símbolos gráficos, cuja produção e reprodução foi observada em cerâmicas dispersas tanto por uma ampla faixa territorial, como ao longo de uma considerável escala temporal (aprox. de 500 d.C. a 1500 d.C.). O conjunto artefatual estudado foi produzido por grupos humanos que habitaram uma região conhecida na arqueologia como \"Sudoeste\". Tendo como base a constatação de que este \"código pictórico\" foi amplamente expresso na cerâmica encontrada ao longo de vastos territórios, foi também aqui investigado e demonstrado que alguns de seus \"símbolos principais\" poderiam também ser encontrados na iconografia de áreas hoje consideradas como norte e centro - mesoamericanas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho buscou contribuir também para o aprofundamento do debate da natureza das trocas e dos contatos que hoje acredita-se terem sido travados ao longo destas extensas áreas. / This work aims to demonstrate the existence of a common \"pictorial code\", through a study of the Anasazi/ Ancient Pueblo, Mogollon and Casas Grandes ceramic production. The quantitative and qualitative analyses conducted in 1.451 ceramic artefacts were able to demonstrate the presence of a pictorial code, formed by an specific set of graphic symbols, expressed in the ceramics found through a vast territory, covering a substantial time lapse (from aprox. 500 d.C. to 1500 d.C.). Groups that once inhabited a region known in archeological literature by the name of \"Southwest\", produced the ceramic artifacts analyzed by this study. Considering that this \"pictorial code\" was present and seen through such extensive areas, its presence was also investigated in the material production of the surroundings areas of Mesoamerica. It was demonstrated, through such investigation, that some of its main symbols were also depicted in the iconography of north and central Mesoamerica. The analysis of such scenario contributes to a better understanding of the nature of the contacts and exchanges that it is known today to have happened through such territories.
5

Cognição e cultura no mundo material: os Itaparicas, os Umbus e os \"Lagoassantenses\" / Cognition and culture in the material world: the Itaparicas, the Umbus and the \"Lagoassantenses\"

Sousa, João Carlos Moreno de 09 May 2014 (has links)
A partir de uma abordagem que considera as ciências cognitivas como um caminho eficaz para buscar compreender o homem e a cultura através de vestígios materiais, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo central entender os processos cognitivos da relação \"homem x paisagem\", de grupos que ocuparam o Brasil durante o Holoceno Inicial, através da análise de algumas indústrias líticas. O método de análise proposto não privilegia apenas os artefatos formais destas indústrias, mas todos os vestígios líticos provenientes da vida de um artefato. As indústrias líticas em questão tratam-se das indústrias classificadas pelo Programa Nacional de Pesquisas Arqueológicas (PRONAPA), nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, como pertencentes às culturas arqueológicas \"Tradição Itaparica\" e \"Tradição Umbu\", e uma indústria proveniente da região de Lagoa-Santa, Minas Gerais. Esta análise proporcionará dados que posteriormente servirão como base para compreender as razões da distinção entre estas indústrias que surgiram no Brasil entre 12.000 - 9.000 AP, além de contribuir na construção de modelos de construção de conhecimento humano em diferentes sociedades pré-históricas. / From an approach that considers the cognitive sciences as an effective way to try to understand man and culture through material remains, this research project has as main objective to understand the cognitive processes of the \"human x environment\" relationship, from groups that occupied the Brazilian territory during the Initial Holocene, trough the analysis of some lithic industries. The proposed analysis method focuses not only the formal artifacts of these industries, but all traces of life from the lithic artifact. The referenced lithic industries are the industries classified by the National Program of Archaeological Research (PRONAPA) in the 1960s and 1970s, as belonging to the archaeological cultures \"Tradition Itaparica\" and \" Tradition Umbu\", and also an industry from the region of Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais. This analysis will provide data that allows having a basis for understanding the reasons for the distinction between those industries that emerged in Brazil between 12,000 BP and 9,000 BP, and contribute in the formulation of building human knowledge models in different prehistoric societies.
6

Religious continuity through space : Four phases in the history of Labraunda

Frejman, Axel January 2012 (has links)
Labraunda has a long and manifold history. The sanctuary starts out small in the Archaic period, is the most important in Karia during the Hekatomnid dynasty, reverts to a more normal position during the Hellenistic time, and is finally converted into a Christian sanctuary in the Late Roman period. This study aims to investigate the spatial pattern of what the visitor could have been perceived as religiously important at the sanctuary, in four different phases. Plans of the architecture and theory about ritual activity have formed the basis for analysing religious importance. What this study has shown is that a movement of religiously important space can be observed at Labraunda. Moving away from the origins at the Split Rock, for a long period being concentrated to the Temple Terrace, and consequently moving out to the two churches built outside the temenos.
7

Cognição e cultura no mundo material: os Itaparicas, os Umbus e os \"Lagoassantenses\" / Cognition and culture in the material world: the Itaparicas, the Umbus and the \"Lagoassantenses\"

João Carlos Moreno de Sousa 09 May 2014 (has links)
A partir de uma abordagem que considera as ciências cognitivas como um caminho eficaz para buscar compreender o homem e a cultura através de vestígios materiais, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo central entender os processos cognitivos da relação \"homem x paisagem\", de grupos que ocuparam o Brasil durante o Holoceno Inicial, através da análise de algumas indústrias líticas. O método de análise proposto não privilegia apenas os artefatos formais destas indústrias, mas todos os vestígios líticos provenientes da vida de um artefato. As indústrias líticas em questão tratam-se das indústrias classificadas pelo Programa Nacional de Pesquisas Arqueológicas (PRONAPA), nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, como pertencentes às culturas arqueológicas \"Tradição Itaparica\" e \"Tradição Umbu\", e uma indústria proveniente da região de Lagoa-Santa, Minas Gerais. Esta análise proporcionará dados que posteriormente servirão como base para compreender as razões da distinção entre estas indústrias que surgiram no Brasil entre 12.000 - 9.000 AP, além de contribuir na construção de modelos de construção de conhecimento humano em diferentes sociedades pré-históricas. / From an approach that considers the cognitive sciences as an effective way to try to understand man and culture through material remains, this research project has as main objective to understand the cognitive processes of the \"human x environment\" relationship, from groups that occupied the Brazilian territory during the Initial Holocene, trough the analysis of some lithic industries. The proposed analysis method focuses not only the formal artifacts of these industries, but all traces of life from the lithic artifact. The referenced lithic industries are the industries classified by the National Program of Archaeological Research (PRONAPA) in the 1960s and 1970s, as belonging to the archaeological cultures \"Tradition Itaparica\" and \" Tradition Umbu\", and also an industry from the region of Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais. This analysis will provide data that allows having a basis for understanding the reasons for the distinction between those industries that emerged in Brazil between 12,000 BP and 9,000 BP, and contribute in the formulation of building human knowledge models in different prehistoric societies.
8

Um código pictórico em comum - a expressão de uma cosmografia na cerâmica da região sudoeste dos EUA e suas relações com a região norte e central da Mesoamérica / A common pictoric code - the expression of a cosmography in the ceramics of the Southest region and its relations with north and central Mesoamerica.

Cássia Bars Hering 08 April 2015 (has links)
Este trabalho propôs um estudo da cerâmica Anasazi/ Pueblo Antigo, Mogollon e Casas Grandes, com o intuito de averiguar a presença de um \"código pictórico\". Para tanto, foram realizadas análises quantitativas e qualitativas de um conjunto de 1.451 peças arqueológicas. Os resultados dessas análises levaram à constatação da existência de um \"código pictórico\" formado por um conjunto finito de símbolos gráficos, cuja produção e reprodução foi observada em cerâmicas dispersas tanto por uma ampla faixa territorial, como ao longo de uma considerável escala temporal (aprox. de 500 d.C. a 1500 d.C.). O conjunto artefatual estudado foi produzido por grupos humanos que habitaram uma região conhecida na arqueologia como \"Sudoeste\". Tendo como base a constatação de que este \"código pictórico\" foi amplamente expresso na cerâmica encontrada ao longo de vastos territórios, foi também aqui investigado e demonstrado que alguns de seus \"símbolos principais\" poderiam também ser encontrados na iconografia de áreas hoje consideradas como norte e centro - mesoamericanas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho buscou contribuir também para o aprofundamento do debate da natureza das trocas e dos contatos que hoje acredita-se terem sido travados ao longo destas extensas áreas. / This work aims to demonstrate the existence of a common \"pictorial code\", through a study of the Anasazi/ Ancient Pueblo, Mogollon and Casas Grandes ceramic production. The quantitative and qualitative analyses conducted in 1.451 ceramic artefacts were able to demonstrate the presence of a pictorial code, formed by an specific set of graphic symbols, expressed in the ceramics found through a vast territory, covering a substantial time lapse (from aprox. 500 d.C. to 1500 d.C.). Groups that once inhabited a region known in archeological literature by the name of \"Southwest\", produced the ceramic artifacts analyzed by this study. Considering that this \"pictorial code\" was present and seen through such extensive areas, its presence was also investigated in the material production of the surroundings areas of Mesoamerica. It was demonstrated, through such investigation, that some of its main symbols were also depicted in the iconography of north and central Mesoamerica. The analysis of such scenario contributes to a better understanding of the nature of the contacts and exchanges that it is known today to have happened through such territories.
9

Ring Out Your Dead : Distribution, form, and function of iron amulets in the late Iron Age grave fields of Lovö

Mattsson McGinnis, Meghan January 2016 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to analyze the distribution, forms, and function(s) of iron amulets deposited in the late Iron Age gravefields of Lovö, with the goal of ascertaining how (and so far as possible why) these objects were utilized in rituals carried out during and after burials. Particular emphasis is given to re-interpreting the largest group of iron amulets, the iron amulet rings, in a more relational and practice-focused way than has heretofore been attempted. By framing burial analyses, questions of typology, and evidence of ritualized actions in comparison with what is known of other cult sites in Mälardalen specifically– and theorized about the cognitive landscape(s) of late Iron Age Scandinavia generally– a picture of iron amulets as inscribed objects made to act as catalytic, protective, and mediating agents is brought to light.

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