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A physiological performance analysis on the effects of the winter academic break on collegiate male club rugby athletesGleason, Derrick J. 01 January 2012 (has links)
This study analyzed the changes in performance and anthropometric characteristics in collegiate male club rugby athletes following an unsupervised 4-week winter academic break. Fourteen athletes completed this study utilizing a within-subjects model. All measures were collected prior to, and after the winter academic break. Prior to testing each subject was acclimated to the protocols to reduce associated learning effects. Performance measures included V02max, vertical jump, 1 0-yard sprint, squat max, and bench press max and body composition was assessed by measuring body weight and hydrostatic weighing. During the Break no structured workouts were provided for athletes and participants were required to complete a self-report on activity and nutritional habits during this unsupervised period. Surprisingly, post-break performance measurements did not decrease. In fact, some measures showed improvement. There were increases in V02max (4.95%), squat max (14.33%), and vertical jump (6.75%). Anthropometric characteristics showed significant increases in body fat percentage (increase of 19.33%) as well as total body weight (1.01 %). Self report data collected over the break indicate > 3 days of moderate to intense physical activity per week but subjects rated dietary habits on the lower end of the subjective scale. These results indicate that athletes may not need prescribed exercise routines during academic semester periods as self-reports indicated adequate levels of activity to prevent detraining effects. Furthermore, it may be more beneficial to provide structured nutritional advice during unsupervised phases.
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The effect of boron supplementation and oral contraceptives on mineral status and hormone status of college female athletes and non-atheletesWard, Candice Lyn 31 January 2009 (has links)
Twenty-nine college females, aged 18-29, participated in a six month boron supplementation protocol to evaluate mineral and hormone status of athletes and non-athletes. All subjects were classified into activity and oral contraceptive groups as follows: athletes (n=16), non-athletes (n=13), oral contraceptives (n=12), and no oral contraceptives (n=17). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive a placebo or 3 mg of boron per day. Subjects' maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) was assessed as a baseline measurement and was used to confirm a difference between activity groups. Body fat, height, bone mineral density, and serum calcitonin and parathyroid also were baseline measurements. Subjects were measured at baseline and six months for the following: dietary intake, body weight, serum levels of 17-f-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, and plasma and urine levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and boron. Athletes had a Significantly greater VO₂max (p < 0.01) than did non-athletes. Subjects taking oral contraceptives had significantly lower serum estradiol (p < 0.05) as compared to subjects not taking oral contraceptives. Boron supplemented non-athletes had a significantly greater change in plasma calcium levels (p < 0.05) as compared to boron supplemented athletes, although the athletes had a significantly higher plasma calcium level (p < 0.05) at the baseline measurement. Control subjects (n=6) had a significantly greater change in dietary carbohydrate (p < 0.01) and protein intake (p < 0.05) as compared to subjects taking boron (n=23). Boron supplementation did not appear to significantly influence any of the parameters measured. However, boron supplementation combined with activity appeared to influence plasma calcium, while serum estradiol may be influenced by oral contraceptives. / Master of Science
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