Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-06-19T20:56:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 feliperodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 28342972 bytes, checksum: 97f5ecb8c18a77560a71283e638c1c04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-06-29T12:35:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 feliperodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 28342972 bytes, checksum: 97f5ecb8c18a77560a71283e638c1c04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T12:35:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 feliperodriguesdeoliveira.pdf: 28342972 bytes, checksum: 97f5ecb8c18a77560a71283e638c1c04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-24 / Esse trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os fluxos mercantis entre a Capitania de Minas Gerais e o Rio de Janeiro. Principal porto e praça abastecedora das Minas, driblar os obstáculos documentais no intuito de reconstruir as cifras do comércio pelo caminho novo foi nossa caminhada inicial. Procurando reunir documentação que permitisse responder as lacunas das análises até então existentes, queríamos discutir as relações de poder e as possibilidades de ascensão presentes na arrematação dos contratos, as suas dívidas e as razões de sua insolvência. Analisando os débitos contratuais, as receitas da tributação e os seus recebimentos, procuramos demonstrar que a economia mineira era suficientemente capaz de saldar as suas dívidas e que suas razões deveriam ser diferentemente interpretadas. Depois de procurar justificar as condições em que se acumulavam as dívidas, demonstrando a fragilidade da oscilação do pêndulo do poder entre um pólo e outro, nossa busca recaiu sobre aqueles que ainda não apareciam no rol dos responsáveis pela não quitação das dívidas. Com poderes maximizados entre 1762-1789, procuramos também lançar luz sobre a importância de se compreender o papel dos administradores dos registros. Primeiro elo da cadeia tributária das Minas, possuindo o julgo e controle sobre os créditos, sob seu conhecimento circulavam todas as informações, mercadorias, redes de contrabando e mercantis. Em torno deste tema, a compreensão dos contratos das entradas, da sua administração, suas receitas e suas dívidas aparecia interligada à identificação das conjunturas econômicas da capitania de Minas Gerais, das características de seus circuitos de abastecimento e das redes de circulação de suas mercadorias. Fluxos que se sustentavam por homens, por redes de amizade, compadrio ou parentela, as informações, a experiência e a confiabilidade eram fatores que regiam o acesso ao crédito, ao transporte e o envio de remessas. Comércio desigual, arraigado a relações sociais, políticas e familiares, numa economia pouco monetizada, permeada por práticas monopolistas, a sua concentração estava em poucas mãos e poucas eram as vilas e arraias que acumulavam a maior parte de seus destinos. / This study aims to investigate the commercial flows between the Captaincy of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro. Main port and supplying square Mines circumvent obstacles documentary in order to reconstruct the figures of trade by the new way was our walk home. Looking to gather documentation that would meet the shortcomings of the analysis so far, wanted to discuss the relations of power and possibilities present in the ascending auction of contracts, debts and the reasons for their bankruptcy. Analyzing the contractual debts, the income tax and its receipts, we demonstrate that the state economy was sufficiently able to pay off their debts and their reasons should be interpreted differently. After trying to justify the conditions under which the debts were piling up, demonstrating the fragility of the pendulum of power between a pole and another, our search fell on those who have not appeared on the list of those responsible for not paying down debt. With maximized power between 1762-1789, we also shed light on the importance of understanding the role of the records. First step in the taxation of Mines, and I think having the control over the credits, circulated under his knowledge all the information, goods, smuggling networks and market. Around this theme, the understanding of procurement of inputs, its administration, its revenues and debts appeared linked to the identification of the economic circumstances of the captaincy of Minas Gerais, the characteristics of their supply chains and networks of movement of their goods. Flows that were held by men, by networks of friends, relatives or cronies, information, experience and reliability were factors that govern access to credit, transport and remittances. Unequal trade, rooted in social, political and family, some monetized economy, permeated by monopolistic practices, its concentration was in few hands and there were few towns and rays that accumulated most of their destinations.

This dissertation investigates the diverse ways in which the Portuguese language expanded in Brazil, despite the multilingual landscape that predominated prior to and after the arrival of the Europeans and the African diaspora. It challenges the assumption that the predominance of Portuguese was a natural consequence and foregone conclusion of colonisation. This work argues that the expansion of Portuguese was a tumultuous process that mirrored the power relations and conflicts between Amerindian, European, African, and mestizo actors who shaped, standardised, and promoted the Portuguese language within and beyond state institutions. The expansion of Portuguese was as much a result of state intervention as it was of individual agency. Language was a mechanism of power that opened possibilities in a society where ethnic, religious, and economic criteria usually marginalised the vast majority of the population from the colonial system. Basic literacy skills allowed access to certain occupations in administration, trading, teaching, and priesthood that elevated people’s social standing. These possibilities created, in most social groups, the desire to emulate the elites and to appropriate the Portuguese language as part of their identity. This research situates the question of language, identity, and power within the theoretical framework of Atlantic history between 1695 and 1822. Atlantic history contributes to our understanding of the ways in which peoples, materials, institutions and ideas moved across Iberia, Africa and the Americas without overlooking the new contours that these elements assumed in the colony, as they moved in tandem, but also contested each other. Focusing on the mining district of Minas Gerais for its economic and social importance, this dissertation draws on multiple ecclesiastical and administrative sources to assess how ordinary people and authoritative figures daily interacted with one another to shape the Portuguese language.