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1	Land expropriation and assimilation : a comparative study of French policy in Algeria and federal Indian policy in the United States Osmane, Rahima Kenza January 1988 (has links) This study compares the expropriation and assimilation policies of the French and American governments towards the Algerian and Southeastern Indian peoples in the nineteenth century. It describes in detail the policies and techniques, including sequestration and removal, which were established to deprive the indigenous people of their land for the purpose of colonial development, and also examines the various responses to it by the Algerians and Indians. Having effected wholesale confiscations by the middle of the nineteenth century, the French and American governments subsequently developed more mature policies designed to break down the traditional political and economic structures through an attack on collective property in the Warnier Law of 1873 and the Dawes Act of 1887. After a brief introduction, the first two chapters examine the background to European colonization in the two societies, including an analysis of the native society and economy. The major expropriation phases in Algeria and the southern United States are examined in the following four chapters, with a particular emphasis upon Indian removal in the United States and upon the sequence of French land legislation up to and including the Senatus-Consulte of 1863. In the final chapter, the two assaults upon tribal collective property are analysed. A brief conclusion reviews and contrasts the two processes of expropriation. 320 Colonial development/land use
2	Canoes and colony: the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural engagement in the colonial context of British Columbia (1849-1871) Wenstob, Stella Maris 15 April 2015 (has links) The cedar dugout canoe is iconically associated with First Nations peoples of the Pacific Northwest coast, but the vital contribution it made to the economic and social development of British Columbia is historically unrecognized. This beautifully designed and crafted oceangoing vessel, besides being a prized necessity to the maritime First Nations peoples, was an essential transportation link for European colonists. In speed, maneuverability, and carrying capacity it vied with any other seagoing technology of the time. The dugout canoe became an important site of engagement between First Nations peoples and settlers. European produced textual and visual records of the colonial period are examined to analyze the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural interaction with a focus upon the European representation. This research asks: Was the First Nations' dugout canoe essential to colonial development in British Columbia and, if so, were the First Nations acknowledged for this vital contribution? Analysis of primary archival resources (letters and journals), images (photographs, sketches and paintings) and colonial publications, such as the colonial dispatches, memoirs and newspaper accounts, demonstrate that indeed the dugout canoe and First Nations canoeists were essential to the development of the colony of British Columbia. However, these contributions were differentially acknowledged as the colony shifted from a fur trade-oriented operation to a settler-centric development that emphasized the alienation of First Nations’ land for settler use. By focusing research on the dugout canoe and its use and depiction by Europeans, connections between European colonists and First Nations canoeists, navigators and manufacturers are foregrounded. This focus brings together these two key historical players demonstrating their “entangled” nature (Thomas 1991:139) and breaking down “silences” and “trivializations” in history (Trouillot 1995:96), working to build an inclusive and connected history of colonial British Columbia. / Graduate dugout canoe cedar canoe Pacific Northwest coast British Columbia history Colonial development Colonial period (1849-1871) Canadian history Indigenous labour Indigenous technology Intercultural engagement Entanglement Representation First Nations peoples Art history Settler Newcomer-aboriginal relations Kwakwa̱ka̱’wakw Transportation Erasure/ silences Hidden history Material culture studies Recreation Regatta mail delivery surveying Shared history Coast Salish Nuu-chah-nulth Haida Maritime technology Cultural anthropology Ethnohistory Labour studies Heiltsuk Visual anthropology Verbal representation

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Land expropriation and assimilation : a comparative study of French policy in Algeria and federal Indian policy in the United States

Canoes and colony: the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural engagement in the colonial context of British Columbia (1849-1871)