The results of this investigation check the earlier work done by Czapek (1) in which he isolated an aldehyde which he termed “Hadromal”, and indicated as possibly being coniferyl aldehyde. The work was extended considerably, however, to positively identify “Hadromal” as being coniferyl aldehyde and to show that it was the substance responsible for the color reactions of wood. A new method as found to isolate “Hadromal”, namely, forming a bisulfite addition product and decomposing this product in the presence of iso-propyl ether. The crystals of “Hadromal” could then be recovered from the iso-propyl ether and purified. By this method, it was possible to identify “Hadromal” as coniferyl aldehyde, and show it to be responsible for the color reactions of wood. If ligroin was used as the solvent in place of isopropyl ether, a yellow oil separated, which evidently had a prohibiting effect upon the formation of crystals of coniferyl aldehyde and which was difficult to separate from the crystals. This oil was present when iso-propyl ether was used, but in a much lesser quantity. This oil was found to contain guaiacol. Pinene and a small amount of resin. As some of the investigation, Risi and Labri (1), who disagreed with Czapek (2) and Hoffmeister (3) used ligroin as the solvent, it is possible that their conclusions that “Hadromal” was composed of guaiacol, furfural, and catechol might have been influenced by the presence of oil. Results of this investigation also show what most earlier investigators had predicted, with the exception of Hoffmeister (3), that “Hadromal” is present in woody tissue in extremely small amounts. / M.S.

M.S.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering / Naiqian Zhang / One of precision agriculture researches currently focuses on the relationship between plant phenotype, genotype, and ambient environment, including critical investigations of a multi-sensor-integrated phenotyping platform and data mining technology for big data. This study examined the designs of two phenotyping platforms and developed machine vision (MV) technology to estimate wheat growth status and count wheat head. The GreenSeeker, an infrared thermometer (IRT), a web camera, and a global positioning system (GPS) receiver were integrated into one handheld phenotyping platform, named as Phenocorn. The Phenocorn allowed simultaneous collection of the normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) and canopy temperature (CT) with precise assignment of all measurements to plot location by GPS data points. The Phenocorn was tested using a field trial of 10 historical and current elite wheat (Triticum aestivium) breeding lines at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico, during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. Results showed that the NDVI data, PVC (percent vegetation coverage) data, and temperature data obtained by the handheld phenocorn could availably reflect the wheat growing status in the field, and the handheld phenocorn could be used as an instrument to do plant phenotyping information collection. This study also used the modular design method to design the mechanical structures of a robot-based phenotyping platform, named as Phenorobot. Its control system was based on a Controller Area Network (CAN bus). The basic function performances such as steering function, lifter load, and movement features were tested in the laboratory. Proposed design indicators were achieved, demonstrating its potential utilization for field experiments. Image acquisition is one of the main data collection methods for plant phenotyping research. The method for extracting plant phenotyping traits based on MV was explored in this research. Experiments for detecting the wheat development based on the images taken in the field were designed and carried out from March to June 2015, and a method based on color analysis to estimate percent vegetation coverage (PVC) of wheat was developed. A wheat growth model based on the PVC was used for the wheat growth status analysis. In addition, a wheat head counting method was developed and divided into three steps: wheat head image segmentation, leaf debris elimination, and wheat head counting. This paper proposes the first wheat head counting model (WCM) based on the pixels group measurement of wheat heads. Compared to the Joint Points Counting (JPC) method (Liu et al., 2014) and the Wheatear Shape Index (WSI) method (Frédéric et al., 2012), the WCM more accurately counted wheat heads from images taken in the experiments.

ABSTRACT PILOT SCALE WHEAT GERM STABILIZATION IN A SPOUTED BED OYMAK, Mert Mehmet M.S., Department of Chemical Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. N. Suzan KINCAL Co-Supervisor: Dr. Cevdet &Ouml / ZTiN April 2006, 97 pages Wheat germ, a nutritionally rich by product of wheat milling, has poor storage stability due to its content of essential fatty acids along with oxidative enzymes. A pilot scale conventional spouted bed was designed and constructed as a high temperature &amp / #8211 / short time treatment unit to bring about drying and roasting effects. By facilitating the use of high temperature inlet air, yet maintaining the bed solids at a temperature below the degradation temperature, spouted bed dryers achieve thermal efficiencies unachievable by other dryers. The inlet diameter, diameter of the column and the angle of the cone were 6.2 cm, 16 cm and 65&deg / respectively. Thermocouples were placed on the inlet, exit and discharge gate of the column. Temperature profiles were recorded during drying, roasting and cooling of wheat germ. The drying temperatures ranged between 201 and 243&deg / C, operation times between 6.5 and 12 minutes, and air flow rate between 55 and 65 m3/h. It was seen that the degree of roasting was closely related to the exit temperature of the air. The exit air temperature range was determined as 155-160&deg / C. Sensory evaluation tests were carried out. Wheat germ processed at 60 m3/h &amp / #8211 / 209&deg / C for 12 min and 55 m3/h &amp / #8211 / 216&deg / C for 7 min were selected as the samples for storage studies, on the basis of the results of sensory evaluation tests. Reproducibility runs were carried out for the selected conditions. The bed height increase study was carried out at 60 m3/h &amp / #8211 / 240 to 243&deg / C. The processed and raw wheat germ was stored in paper pouches at 40&deg / C, to estimate the shelf life on the basis of earlier studies. Peroxide values of both raw and processed samples were followed during the storage period. The initial peroxide values of raw germ, processed samples, and reproducibility samples were 1.1 meq peroxide / kg oil. The peroxide value formation data were found to follow zero order rate kinetics. Comparison of the peroxide value changes in the processed and raw samples indicated that in the studied range of 55-60 m3/h &amp / #8211 / 209-216&deg / C &amp / #8211 / 7-12 min, about 8&amp / #8211 / 10 fold increase in the shelf life due to stabilization was achieved. The color parameters of each run were determined using the CIELAB (L*, a*, b*) system. Total color difference (&amp / #8710 / E*) values due to processing were calculated using L*, a* and b* values, to be between 2.3 and 58.6.

<p>Mars’ Polar layered Deposits (PLD) accumulated over the last few millions of years due to seasonal buildup of frost trapping atmospheric gasses and incoming sediments, thereby preserving the history of Mars' recent climate in the form of an ice-rich geologic record. The PLD includes both the North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD) and the South Polar Layered Deposits (SPLD) which are estimated to be up to 5 Mya and 100 Mya old respectively. Characterizing the contents of these deposits is essential to understand the role of geologic and climatic processes recently active on Mars. The Mars scientific community recommends robotic exploration of these icy NPLD to sample the ice and extract recent climate records; however, linking the geologic record to the climatic history will require quantitative dating of the NPLD. The SPLD is thought to be older than the north polar deposits, so the stratigraphic records of the SPLD are a window to look deeper into the climatic history of Amazonian Mars. Deciphering the paleoenvironment at the PLD requires characterization of the ice-rich deposits, however, the origin, composition, transport histories, and alteration environment of sediments within the deposits are not well constrained.</p> <p>In this study we use orbital reflectance spectroscopy to show for the first time that dateable mafic lithics are present throughout the PLD. We find significant glass as well as diverse crystalline minerals, which suggests that surface processes like impacts and volcanism were active during the late Amazonian and transported sand-sized and finer sediments from across the planet to the poles. In situ investigation of the PLD will thus provide critical quantitative age constraint on both the recent geologic and climatic histories of Mars. Previous studies have confirmed widespread detection of sulfates at the NPLD and here we show that sulfates dominate the alteration mineralogy at the SPLD suggesting acidic, oxidizing, and evaporitic conditions. Based on this more extensive survey, previously reported rare detection of smectites and hydrated silica in the SPLD is likely due to ballistic emplacement by impacts from targets on surrounding smectite-bearing Noachian terrains.</p> <p>Detrital ice-rich sediments within the PLD are a complex mixture of mafic minerals and weathering products from multiple sources and are continuously reworked. In order to investigate the material and grain-size dependent effects of chemical and physical weathering in a cold and wet basaltic environment, a rover-based Mars analog study is conducted in the glacio-fluvial-aeolian landscapes of Iceland. A DCS-based color analysis technique is employed in tandem with VNIR spectroscopy and XRF analysis to develop a strategy for conducting sediment provenance. We observe that DCS-based color analysis is a powerful tool for identifying spectral diversity, and that it has the capability to differentiate primary minerals from alteration minerals. Because color analysis can aid in identifying diverse targets for sampling within the rover’s workspace, tactically, DCS colors can be used during operations to link detrital sediments within the rover’s vicinity to surrounding bedrock sources. DCS images enhance our ability to correlate observation of surface features from orbit, extend local mineralogical interpretation to surrounding regions, optimize rover’s traverse and select science targets. </p>

Les travaux de cette thèse ont été effectués dans le cadre de l'analyse et du traitement d'images de documents imprimés afin d'automatiser la création de revues de presse. Les images en sortie du scanner sont traitées sans aucune information a priori ou intervention humaine. Ainsi, pour les caractériser, nous présentons un système d'analyse de documents composites couleur qui réalise une segmentation en zones colorimétriquement homogènes et qui adapte les algorithmes d'extraction de textes aux caractéristiques locales de chaque zone. Les informations colorimétriques et textuelles fournies par ce système alimentent une méthode de segmentation physique des pages de presse numérisée. Les blocs issus de cette décomposition font l'objet d'une classification permettant, entre autres, de détecter les zones publicitaires. Dans la continuité et l'expansion des travaux de classification effectués dans la première partie, nous présentons un nouveau moteur de classification et de classement générique, rapide et facile à utiliser. Cette approche se distingue de la grande majorité des méthodes existantes qui reposent sur des connaissances a priori sur les données et dépendent de paramètres abstraits et difficiles à déterminer par l'utilisateur. De la caractérisation colorimétrique au suivi des articles en passant par la détection des publicités, l'ensemble des approches présentées ont été combinées afin de mettre au point une application permettant la classification des documents de presse numérisée par le contenu. / In this thesis, we deal with printed document images processing and analysis to automate the press reviews. The scanner output images are processed without any prior knowledge nor human intervention. Thus, to characterize them, we present a scalable analysis system for complex documents. This characterization is based on a hybrid color segmentation suited to noisy document images. The color analysis customizes text extraction algorithms to fit the local image properties. The provided color and text information is used to perform layout segmentation in press images and to compute features on the resulting blocks. These elements are classified to detect advertisements. In the second part of this thesis, we deal with a more general purpose: clusternig and classification. We present a new clustering approach, named ACPP, which is completely automated, fast and easy to use. This approach's main features are its independence of prior knowledge about the data and theoretical parameters that should be determined by the user. Color analysis, layout segmentation and the ACPP classification method are combined to create a complete processing chain for press images.

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do impacto do avanço tecnológico no potencial eólico do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da evolução verificada nos aerogeradores desde o ano de 2002, data da publicação do atual Atlas Eólico do estado. Para tal, é exposto um panorama da energia eólica no Brasil e no mundo, assim como as características das circulações globais de massas de ar e os fenômenos que dão origem aos principais deslocamentos sobre o estado, bem como o comportamento do vento dentro da camada limite atmosférica. Para embasar o desenvolvimento desse trabalho são apresentadas as principais evoluções tecnológicas verificadas no período e como elas contribuíram para o aumento da competitividade da fonte, bem como as tendências para as futuras gerações de aerogeradores. Para realizar a estimativa do novo potencial eólico do estado desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta que converte a imagem dos mapas publicados no Atlas Eólico em uma matriz de valores, o que é realizado comparando a cor de cada pixel dos mapas às respectivas legendas. Tratando-se matematicamente os dados obtidos dos mapas de velocidade média de vento, fator de forma k e densidade do ar é possível calcular o potencial energético de cada um dos pontos dessa matriz de dados. Este potencial é obtido a partir da integração das curvas de potência, corrigidas para cada densidade do ar, com as distribuições de probabilidade de Weibull, calculadas a partir da velocidade média de vento e fator de forma de cada local do estado. De modo a validar o procedimento de cálculo utilizado, os resultados da integração, com o emprego da mesma curva de potência utilizada no Atlas Eólico, são comparados com os dados energéticos publicados no documento. Ao considerar aerogeradores mais modernos, com base na mesma metodologia de cálculo, o potencial eólico estimado para o Rio Grande do Sul, para localidades com ventos a partir de 7 m/s de média anual, aumentou em 65% sua capacidade de geração na altura de 75 m, alcançando um total de 219,26 TWh/ano. Nas mesmas condições, na altura de 100 m, o aumento foi de 61%, obtendo-se um potencial energético de 398,53 TWh/ano. Para ambas alturas citadas não há alteração significativa na potência instalável, estimada em 54,33 MW e 119,00 MW, respectivamente. A partir do banco de dados criado foi possível projetar, com base na lei logarítmica, a distribuição de vento nas alturas de 125 m e 150 m, anteriormente não apresentados no Atlas do estado. Nessas alturas o potencial teórico estimado foi de 761,94 TWh/ano e 872,30 TWh/ano, a partir de uma potência instalável de 211,31 MW e 270,25 MW, respectivamente. / This paper intends to evaluate the impact of the technological advances on the wind power potential of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, based on the developments in wind turbines since 2002, year of publication of the current Wind Atlas. It is exposed an overview of the wind energy in Brazil and in the World , as well as the characteristics of the wind global circulation and the phenomena that give rise to the main wind displacements on the state area and the behavior of the wind within the atmospheric boundary layer. To support the development of this work, the main technological developments in the period and how they contributed to improve the competitiveness of this source are presented, as well as the trends for future wind turbines generations. In order to estimate a new wind potential for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, a program that compares the colors of each pixel on the maps published in the Wind Atlas with their captions, generating a matrix of data was developed. With the data obtained from the maps of the average wind speed, factor k and air density, it is possible to calculate the energy potential at each point of the matrix. This potential is obtained from the integration of power curves, corrected for each air density, using the Weibull probability distributions, calculated from the mean wind speed and form factor at each local of the state area. In order to validate the procedure, the results of the integration, applying the same power curve used in the Wind Atlas, are compared with the amount of energy published on the document. Making use of the modern wind turbines, based on the same calculation methodology, the wind energy potential of the Rio Grande do Sul, considering only sites with annual wind average speed higher than 7 m/s, increased its generation capacity at the height of 75 m by 65 %, reaching a total of 219.26 TWh/year. Under the same conditions, at the height of 100 m, the increase was 61 %, yielding an energy potential of 398.53 TWh/year. For both heights, there are not significant changes in the installable potential, estimated at 54.33 MW and 119.00 MW, respectively. From the database created it was possible to estimate, based on the logarithmic law, the distribution of the wind at heights of 125 m and 150 m, not previously presented in the Atlas of the state. At such heights, the estimated theorical potential is 761.94 TWh/year and 872.30 TWh/year, with an installed capacity of 211.31 MW and 270.25 MW, respectively.

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do impacto do avanço tecnológico no potencial eólico do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da evolução verificada nos aerogeradores desde o ano de 2002, data da publicação do atual Atlas Eólico do estado. Para tal, é exposto um panorama da energia eólica no Brasil e no mundo, assim como as características das circulações globais de massas de ar e os fenômenos que dão origem aos principais deslocamentos sobre o estado, bem como o comportamento do vento dentro da camada limite atmosférica. Para embasar o desenvolvimento desse trabalho são apresentadas as principais evoluções tecnológicas verificadas no período e como elas contribuíram para o aumento da competitividade da fonte, bem como as tendências para as futuras gerações de aerogeradores. Para realizar a estimativa do novo potencial eólico do estado desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta que converte a imagem dos mapas publicados no Atlas Eólico em uma matriz de valores, o que é realizado comparando a cor de cada pixel dos mapas às respectivas legendas. Tratando-se matematicamente os dados obtidos dos mapas de velocidade média de vento, fator de forma k e densidade do ar é possível calcular o potencial energético de cada um dos pontos dessa matriz de dados. Este potencial é obtido a partir da integração das curvas de potência, corrigidas para cada densidade do ar, com as distribuições de probabilidade de Weibull, calculadas a partir da velocidade média de vento e fator de forma de cada local do estado. De modo a validar o procedimento de cálculo utilizado, os resultados da integração, com o emprego da mesma curva de potência utilizada no Atlas Eólico, são comparados com os dados energéticos publicados no documento. Ao considerar aerogeradores mais modernos, com base na mesma metodologia de cálculo, o potencial eólico estimado para o Rio Grande do Sul, para localidades com ventos a partir de 7 m/s de média anual, aumentou em 65% sua capacidade de geração na altura de 75 m, alcançando um total de 219,26 TWh/ano. Nas mesmas condições, na altura de 100 m, o aumento foi de 61%, obtendo-se um potencial energético de 398,53 TWh/ano. Para ambas alturas citadas não há alteração significativa na potência instalável, estimada em 54,33 MW e 119,00 MW, respectivamente. A partir do banco de dados criado foi possível projetar, com base na lei logarítmica, a distribuição de vento nas alturas de 125 m e 150 m, anteriormente não apresentados no Atlas do estado. Nessas alturas o potencial teórico estimado foi de 761,94 TWh/ano e 872,30 TWh/ano, a partir de uma potência instalável de 211,31 MW e 270,25 MW, respectivamente. / This paper intends to evaluate the impact of the technological advances on the wind power potential of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, based on the developments in wind turbines since 2002, year of publication of the current Wind Atlas. It is exposed an overview of the wind energy in Brazil and in the World , as well as the characteristics of the wind global circulation and the phenomena that give rise to the main wind displacements on the state area and the behavior of the wind within the atmospheric boundary layer. To support the development of this work, the main technological developments in the period and how they contributed to improve the competitiveness of this source are presented, as well as the trends for future wind turbines generations. In order to estimate a new wind potential for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, a program that compares the colors of each pixel on the maps published in the Wind Atlas with their captions, generating a matrix of data was developed. With the data obtained from the maps of the average wind speed, factor k and air density, it is possible to calculate the energy potential at each point of the matrix. This potential is obtained from the integration of power curves, corrected for each air density, using the Weibull probability distributions, calculated from the mean wind speed and form factor at each local of the state area. In order to validate the procedure, the results of the integration, applying the same power curve used in the Wind Atlas, are compared with the amount of energy published on the document. Making use of the modern wind turbines, based on the same calculation methodology, the wind energy potential of the Rio Grande do Sul, considering only sites with annual wind average speed higher than 7 m/s, increased its generation capacity at the height of 75 m by 65 %, reaching a total of 219.26 TWh/year. Under the same conditions, at the height of 100 m, the increase was 61 %, yielding an energy potential of 398.53 TWh/year. For both heights, there are not significant changes in the installable potential, estimated at 54.33 MW and 119.00 MW, respectively. From the database created it was possible to estimate, based on the logarithmic law, the distribution of the wind at heights of 125 m and 150 m, not previously presented in the Atlas of the state. At such heights, the estimated theorical potential is 761.94 TWh/year and 872.30 TWh/year, with an installed capacity of 211.31 MW and 270.25 MW, respectively.

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação do impacto do avanço tecnológico no potencial eólico do Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da evolução verificada nos aerogeradores desde o ano de 2002, data da publicação do atual Atlas Eólico do estado. Para tal, é exposto um panorama da energia eólica no Brasil e no mundo, assim como as características das circulações globais de massas de ar e os fenômenos que dão origem aos principais deslocamentos sobre o estado, bem como o comportamento do vento dentro da camada limite atmosférica. Para embasar o desenvolvimento desse trabalho são apresentadas as principais evoluções tecnológicas verificadas no período e como elas contribuíram para o aumento da competitividade da fonte, bem como as tendências para as futuras gerações de aerogeradores. Para realizar a estimativa do novo potencial eólico do estado desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta que converte a imagem dos mapas publicados no Atlas Eólico em uma matriz de valores, o que é realizado comparando a cor de cada pixel dos mapas às respectivas legendas. Tratando-se matematicamente os dados obtidos dos mapas de velocidade média de vento, fator de forma k e densidade do ar é possível calcular o potencial energético de cada um dos pontos dessa matriz de dados. Este potencial é obtido a partir da integração das curvas de potência, corrigidas para cada densidade do ar, com as distribuições de probabilidade de Weibull, calculadas a partir da velocidade média de vento e fator de forma de cada local do estado. De modo a validar o procedimento de cálculo utilizado, os resultados da integração, com o emprego da mesma curva de potência utilizada no Atlas Eólico, são comparados com os dados energéticos publicados no documento. Ao considerar aerogeradores mais modernos, com base na mesma metodologia de cálculo, o potencial eólico estimado para o Rio Grande do Sul, para localidades com ventos a partir de 7 m/s de média anual, aumentou em 65% sua capacidade de geração na altura de 75 m, alcançando um total de 219,26 TWh/ano. Nas mesmas condições, na altura de 100 m, o aumento foi de 61%, obtendo-se um potencial energético de 398,53 TWh/ano. Para ambas alturas citadas não há alteração significativa na potência instalável, estimada em 54,33 MW e 119,00 MW, respectivamente. A partir do banco de dados criado foi possível projetar, com base na lei logarítmica, a distribuição de vento nas alturas de 125 m e 150 m, anteriormente não apresentados no Atlas do estado. Nessas alturas o potencial teórico estimado foi de 761,94 TWh/ano e 872,30 TWh/ano, a partir de uma potência instalável de 211,31 MW e 270,25 MW, respectivamente. / This paper intends to evaluate the impact of the technological advances on the wind power potential of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, based on the developments in wind turbines since 2002, year of publication of the current Wind Atlas. It is exposed an overview of the wind energy in Brazil and in the World , as well as the characteristics of the wind global circulation and the phenomena that give rise to the main wind displacements on the state area and the behavior of the wind within the atmospheric boundary layer. To support the development of this work, the main technological developments in the period and how they contributed to improve the competitiveness of this source are presented, as well as the trends for future wind turbines generations. In order to estimate a new wind potential for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, a program that compares the colors of each pixel on the maps published in the Wind Atlas with their captions, generating a matrix of data was developed. With the data obtained from the maps of the average wind speed, factor k and air density, it is possible to calculate the energy potential at each point of the matrix. This potential is obtained from the integration of power curves, corrected for each air density, using the Weibull probability distributions, calculated from the mean wind speed and form factor at each local of the state area. In order to validate the procedure, the results of the integration, applying the same power curve used in the Wind Atlas, are compared with the amount of energy published on the document. Making use of the modern wind turbines, based on the same calculation methodology, the wind energy potential of the Rio Grande do Sul, considering only sites with annual wind average speed higher than 7 m/s, increased its generation capacity at the height of 75 m by 65 %, reaching a total of 219.26 TWh/year. Under the same conditions, at the height of 100 m, the increase was 61 %, yielding an energy potential of 398.53 TWh/year. For both heights, there are not significant changes in the installable potential, estimated at 54.33 MW and 119.00 MW, respectively. From the database created it was possible to estimate, based on the logarithmic law, the distribution of the wind at heights of 125 m and 150 m, not previously presented in the Atlas of the state. At such heights, the estimated theorical potential is 761.94 TWh/year and 872.30 TWh/year, with an installed capacity of 211.31 MW and 270.25 MW, respectively.

In the post-harvest area, a common approach to quantify the average color of fruits peel over time is the sampling of small number of points generally on its equatorial region using a colorimeter. However, when we use a colorimeter to classify an uneven-colored fruit misclassification may occur because points in the peel region may not be representative of average color of fruit. The main problem when we use this method is to determine the number of points to be sampled as well as the location of these points on the fruit\'s surface. An alternative method to evaluate measure of color is digital image analysis because it covers whole of the object surface, by using a sample of pixels taken from the image. As the colorimeter approach is faster and easier than image analysis, it may not be suitable for assessing the overall mean color of the papaya\'s peel and its performance will depend on the number of measured points and choice of sampled region. In this sense, the comparison between these approach is still necessary because we need to know if a sample on the equatorial region can reproduce a sample over the whole region, and if the colorimeter can compete with a scanner or digital camera in measuring the mean hue of papaya peel over time. Thus, we proposed a longitudinal concordance correlation (LCC) based on polynomial mixed-effects regression model to evaluate the extent of agreement among methods. The results show that ideally image analysis of whole fruit\'s region should be used to compute the mean hue and that the topography and curved surface of papaya fruit did not affect the mean hue obtained by the scanner. Since there are still no packages available to estimate the LCC in the free software environment R, we are developing a package called lcc, which provides functions for estimating the longitudinal concordance correlation (LCC) among methods based on variance components and fixed effects of polynomial mixed-effects model. Additionally, we implemented arguments in this function to estimating the longitudinal Pearson correlation (LPC), as precision measure, and longitudinal bias corrector factor (LA), as accuracy measure. Moreover, these components can be estimated using different structures for variance- covariance matrices of random effects and variance functions to model heteroscedasticity among within-group errors using or not the time as variance covariate. / No setor de pós-colheita é muito comum a utilização de colorímetros para avaliar a cor média da casca de frutos ao longo do tempo. No entanto, muitas vezes as técnicas de amostragem utilizando esse equipamento podem levar a medidas tendenciosas da média amostral. Alternativamente, a utilização de imagens digitais pode levar a um menor viés, uma vez que toda a região da casca do fruto é amostrada de forma sistemática. No entanto, ainda é necessária a comparação de ambas abordagens, pois o colorímetro tem vantagens em relação a facilidade de utilização e menor tempo para realizar a amostragem em cada fruto quando comparado a um scanner de mesa. Assim, no caso de variáveis respostas medidas em uma escala contínua, a reprodutibilidade das medidas tomadas por ambos equipamentos pode ser avaliada por meio do coeficiente de correlação de concordância. Dessa forma, para avaliar o perfil da concordância entre métodos, nós propomos uma correlação de concordância longitudinal (LCC), baseada em um modelo de regressão polinomial com efeitos mistos. Os resultados sugeriram que as técnicas por meio de imagens digitais devem ser utilizadas para a quantificação da tonalidade média de frutos. Adicionalmente, a partir do perfil de concordância estimado notamos que existe um período em que ambos os equipamentos podem ser utilizados. A performance do coeficiente de concordância longitudinal foi avaliada por meio de um estudo de simulação, o qual sugeriu que nossa metodologia é robusta a dados desbalanceados (\"dropout\") e que a probabilidade de convergência é aceitavel para uma amostra de 20 frutos e ideal para amostras a partir de 100 frutos. Uma vez que ainda não existem pacotes disponibilizados no ambiente computacional R para a estimação da correlação de concordância longitudinal, nós estamos desenvolvendo um pacote intitulado lcc, o qual será submetido ao \"Comprehensive R Archive Network\" (CRAN). Nesse pacote nós implementamos procedimentos para estimação da correlação de concordância longitudinal, da correlação de Person longitudinal e de uma medida de acurácia longitudinal. Além disso, nosso pacote foi desenvolvido para dados balanceados e desbalanceados, permitindo modelar a heteroscedasticidade entre erros dentro do grupo usando ou não o tempo como covariável, e, também, permitindo a inclusão de covariáveis no preditor linear para controlar variações sistemáticas na variável resposta.