Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University, 1998. / Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 238-252).

M.A. / In 1994 the South African government provided a framework and a philosophical context for social development in the form of the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). This programme serves as a basis for policy-making across a wide spectrum of social institutions, among them social welfare. The White Paper on Social Welfare (1997) provides a framework in which to debate the future of social work in the developmental welfare system it advocates. It is a system that requires a sincere commitment to working towards minimising poverty in South Africa. Community development is one of the methods used to address poverty, inequality and developmental problems. From this new dispensation, the Department of Social Work at RAU developed a community development training programme to help social service workers become more community oriented in their daily service approach. Although this programme was developed eight years ago, no formal evaluation has been done on the effectiveness of this programme. The study was undertaken among social workers and community developers employed by the City of Johannesburg Social Services department, Regions 7, 9 and 11. It was undertaken in order to empower them with knowledge of community development for implementation in their work setting. The goal of the study was to evaluate the impact of the Community Leadership Training Programme on the staff in the Social Services department in the City of Johannesburg. The objectives were to: „X Conduct a literature study on community development. „X Conduct a process evaluation of the programme. „X Conduct an outcome evaluation directly after the completion of the programme and 12 months later. „X Make recommendations based on the research findings for trainers, social workers, community developers and any related profession working in the community. The evaluation research model followed in this study is programme evaluation as described by De Vos, (1998:368). In order to execute this study, the model as proposed by McKendreck in De Vos (1998:368) is applied.Evaluation research is chosen because a programme is evaluated. The study is qualitative and quantitative in nature and focuses on phases of evaluation, namely process evaluation and outcome evaluation. From the main findings, it was found that: The application of the Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) as described by De Vos (1998:368) was successfully applied in evaluating the training programme. From the process evaluation, it was found that: - Managers lack participatory management and leadership skills and this leads to mistrust and conflict in the workplace. - Adults preferred experiential learning rather than writing or submitting assignments. - The majority of the participants felt that the objectives of the workshop were clear and that the workshop met their expectations. They indicated further that the workshop was practical enough to implement what they learned in their work. - The participants were satisfied with the facilitating skills of the facilitators in that they were not prescriptive but patient in understanding the content of the modules at their own pace. - Skills demonstrations improved their skills in relation to community development, for example, problem-solving skills, giving feedback to the community, and conflict handling. The skills demonstrations assisted them with their own personal growth and to be positive about themselves. - The results of the tests, assignments and skills demonstrations indicated that they had broadened their knowledge base and could feel empowered to implement what they had learned. From the impact evaluation, it was found that: - A new approach to Community development exists called the asset-based model that focusses on the anticipatory needs, assets, capacity building and visionary leadership development in communities. It means that this development strategy starts with what is present in the community, the skills of the residents, and the institutions. It does not start with what is problematic or absent or what the community needs. - The participants felt that the time frame of presenting the programme was appropriate because it did not have a negative impact on their day to day work. The two full days during the week once a month suited the participants. - The participants indicated that the content was relevant to the workplace and that they could implement what they had learned in the community. - The facilitators were excellent in facilitating, but the participants were not happy with the facilitator in project management due her soft-spoken voice and she could not express herself clearly. - The first venue was not appropriate for the workshop due to its impractical setting. However, the second venue was practical and appropriate for the workshop. The following main recommendations were made: (1) The Integrated Model of Programme Education (IMPE) is recommended for programme evaluation not only to evaluate programme monitoring or outcome evaluation, but also for all the phases in the model. (2) The asset-based model is recommended to replace the so-called expert model, not only to bring improvement, but also change. (3) Staff including management must attend the community leadership programme to have a better understanding of participatory management and leadership. (4) Adult learning principles and experiential learning techniques must be applied in the implementation of the programme and minimise written assignments. Hope and Timmel (1994:103) stress that education should stress learning more than teaching in situations where adults could discover answers and solutions for themselves. / Prof. J.B.S. Nel

Dissertation submitted for a Masters Degree in Development Studies in the Faculty of Humanities and School of Social Sciences, at the University of the Witwatersrand March 2019 / Over the years Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) have been providing a variety of social services, ranging from improving the skills of homeless individuals to helping prevent homelessness. This paper shed light on the current efforts by the Johannesburg Organisation of Services to the Homeless (JOSH), a Non-Profit Company (NPC) providing services to homeless individuals in Randburg. The study aimed to bridge the knowledge gap that exists in understanding the experiences of CSOs in service provision by exploring JOSH’s experiences in providing services to homeless individuals. The study asked the following research question: What are the experiences of JOSH as a CSO in providing services to homeless individuals in the City of Johannesburg? And the following three sub-questions: What services are provided to homeless people by JOSH? What informs the approach taken for service provision by JOSH? How does JOSH understand their experiences of service provision? I adopted a qualitative methodology and administered 15 face to face semi-structured interviews with the Directors, volunteers, and the staff at JOSH. This approach presented the opportunity to listen to the ideas, experiences and stories of people engaged with social action at JOSH. I used participant observation to collect data. I found this valuable as it gave me an opportunity to participate and observe the settings at JOSH in a way that provided a nuanced understanding of the services provided at JOSH. Thinking critically about the parameters of my research, I used purposive sampling to select my interviews. I chose people who worked closely with JOSH, whose knowledge and experiences would enable me to answer my research question and sub-questions. The fight to end homelessness has brought a new strategic de-instutionalised model of community engagement that addresses issues of social justice through spaces of engagement. According to Cloke (2011) these new spaces of engagement that emerge are known as ‘rapprochement’. This concept is developed in the literature review. It provides a framework of how non-statutory agencies uses a post-secular approach to engage with the homeless population through community-based social action. Five major themes emerged from data analysis: (1) A snapshot of JOSH’s homeless services, (2) Defining JOSH’s homeless services (3) JOSH’s view on homelessness, (4) Approach taken by JOSH, (5) A culture of support at JOSH and (6) challenges faced by JOSH. The first theme describes the different types of services that are provided by JOSH. This study has revealed that JOSH offers food services, skills assessment as well as counselling services to persons experiencing homelessness. JOSH does this by using a social entrepreneurial model, which is an example of rapprochement. This social enterprise model allows JOSH to put agency, innovation and hope at the heart of their approach. This approach 5 has enabled JOSH to create a space that is a transformative form of hospitality and a leadership style that allows different stakeholders to develop and acquire a sense of agency. The second theme demonstrated the model JOSH has adopted to provide services to homeless individuals. The third theme described the different terms JOSH uses to conceptualise homelessness. The fourth theme illustrates that JOSH uses a case management and service integration system to identify individuals who are homeless. The fifth theme describes how Directors, volunteers, and the staff at JOSH support homeless individuals. The final theme describes the different challenges JOSH faces in providing services to homeless individuals. The findings of the study revealed that JOSH’s soup kitchen was more successful because food services were the most accessible and reliable service to homeless individuals. JOSH also indicated that there is a need for an overnight shelter which was currently not JOSH’s focus of service delivery. Recommendations are made based on the findings of the study. / NG (2020)

The primary purpose of this study is to develop a model community organizing plan for persons wishing to establish a grassroots citizen action organization. Existential in nature, this model will be geared toward easy and practical application, i.e. a "cookbook” approach to the process of organizing a citizen action organization. A secondary purpose of this study is to provide students and beginning community organizers with a basic theoretical and historical orientation by which to understand the field of community organization.

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The purpose of this study is to determine sound procedures for organizing and conducting a Community Council.

The purpose of this study is (1) to determine the need for a creative program of interaction among the various community agencies, and (2) to determine the sound processes to be used in bringing about desirable social change through interaction among the agencies. Improving social conditions that affect the welfare of youth in the community is the primary concern of this study.