In South Africa, with the highest HIV population in the world, more than 5 million people live with HIV and AIDS, and it is predicted that deaths because of AlDS will rise sharply up to 2010 (Evian, 2003:20; UNAIDS, 2003:19). Because of this, great numbers of patients in the final stages of AlDS need support and homecare in areas with little resources. In this context of limited resources it became necessary for communities and health care services to investigate alternatives for cost-effective and sustainable methods to care for patients with AIDS. Patients are often discharged home to die because the hospital staff can do nothing but palliative care and they feel that resources and space can be better utilised on patients with a greater chance of recovery (Jackson, 2002:232). The government and non-governmental organisations established a number of homecare services to care for patients with AlDS at home. The Potchefstroom-district is no exception; the question however arises whether the care needs of these patients are addressed. The objective of this research was to identify the physical, psychological, spiritual and social needs of patients with AlDS for home care and the perceptions of caregivers of what these needs are. The ultimate objective was to formulate recommendations from the results for need-centred homecare for patients with AlDS in the Potchefstroom-district. A two-phased design was used to reach this objective. These two phases took place simultaneously. During phase one, caregivers operated as fieldworkers and completed questionnaires on behalf of the patients on their needs for homecare. During phase two the perceptions of caregivers of patients with AIDS's needs for homecare were determined using the nominal group technique. The director of health of the local authority gave consent for this research. The population of phase one consisted of available patients with AlDS in the Potchefstroom-district of the Northwest Province that compiled to the prerequisites of the research. The population of phase two consisted of a group of caregivers from another area that did not take part in phase one. After they gave consent a total of 24 patients with AlDS and 31 caregivers took part in the research. Data analysis in the case of the questionnaires was done by frequency distribution and for the nominal groups during the group sessions. On the grounds of the results the conclusion was made that patients with AlDS experience a great deal of hopelessness and that their needs are mostly on the first level of basic needs, according to the Maslow needs hierarchy. Higher levels of needs like self-concept needs and self-actualisation came to the attention in the need for spiritual support especially from their own church community. Social and financial needs were also identified. The caregivers stressed the need for equipment when caring for these patients, as there is nothing available for basic homecare. Caregivers identified needs that were not mentioned by the patients and vice versa. For patients an important need was pain relieve which the caregivers did not mention. It appears from this research that the need for the involvement of the multidisciplinary team is not being addressed. Based on the results of this research guidelines were formulated for registered nurses, that train and supervise the caregivers, to ensure that these patients receive the comprehensive care they deserve. / Thesis (M.Cur.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

The ability to effectively analyze particulate matter (PM2.5) in air is becoming increasingly pertinent. Allen Goldstein of the University of California in Berkeley is studying the semi-volatile fraction of organic compounds in PM2.5 through the use of the thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG) system. However, as conventional GC does not provide adequate separation power, the development of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) was required. GC × GC works more effectively by utilizing a modulator that periodically traps and focuses analytes from a primary column onto a secondary column. This allows for the primary and secondary columns to separate the analytes based on two different properties. This report focuses on the continuing study and enhancement of a modulator designed by Ognjen Panić during his Masters project. Improving and testing the robustness of this dual stage modulator was originally the focus of this project. However, this study led to the development of a single stage modulator. In addition to that, the effect of modulator characteristics such as length of the restriction, total length of the modulator and wall thickness on the modulator performance were studied. A robustness test of the single stage modulator was also completed. Experiments conducted tested the characteristics of the new modulator to ensure it performed effectively and would satisfy the requirements of the TAG system. A study comparing the sensitivity of conventional gas chromatography and GC × GC was also preformed. The sensitivity of GC × GC was on average an order of magnitude better than that of 1D GC.

自民國85年開始試辦綜合高中，至今已有5年的歷史，本研究藉由「台閩地區高級中等學校概況統計」以及教育部技職司所進行第一屆18所綜合高中評鑑資料，分析綜合高中在我國辦理的概況，進以檢測與綜合高中理念之差距。再以辦學績效為效標，探求何種學校型態最適合轉型為綜合高中，以提供主管行政機關在政策執行過程之參考。 本研究藉由單因子、雙因子變異數分析以了解目前綜合高中辦理概況；採群集分析以分辦各校辦學績效（包括：升學率、就業率、每生平均考取證照數）之差異；經迴歸分析了解導致綜合高中辦學績效良好之原因。 研究結果顯示，18所辦理綜合高中的學校中10所學校提早在高一先行分化學術或職業學程，有違延緩分化的理念。在18所學校中以巿區均設職業及普通類科的公立學校辦學績效較佳。分析有利綜合高中辦學績效的原因包括：(1)學生參加校內競賽愈多或生師比愈高（指大班級）則升學率愈高（可能因為巿區學校多有較高的生師比），而學生加註主修職業學程愈高則升學率愈低；(2)擁有第二專長的教師比率愈高或學生加註主修職業學程愈高則就業率愈高；(3)學生參加校內競賽次數愈多、網路查詢電腦數愈多、教師著作比率愈高則學生考取證照愈高，但是平均每生補助款愈高，學生考取證照比率卻愈低，值得政府注意。因此，建議教育主管機關，不應多以獎勵補助的方式來協助現有高中職轉型，更應嚴格限制受補助學校的資格要求，以避免申辦學校僅為補助而非為實現綜合高中之理念。 / Comprehensive high school(CHS) has been formally established in Taiwan since 1996. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the profile of CHS in Taiwan and examine the disparity between the practical and ideal models based on High Schools Statistic Compilation in Taiwan Area」 and the evaluation reports of the 18 CHSs gathered by the Ministry of Education. Moreover, taking the school achievements as criteria, this research suggests which format of high school is more suitable to be transformed to CHS. Thus the result could be the reference to our Ministry of Education during the executive process. This research uses one-way and two-way ANOVA to interpret the CHS general situations and Cluster Analysis to determine the achievement levels of 18 CHSs including the proportion of students entering school in higher level, employment rate, and the average rate of getting technical certificate per student. Also, the Regression Analysis is utilized to analyze the characteristics of higher performance CHSs. It is found that 10 of the 18 CHSs have devided students separately into academic-oriented and vocational-oriented groups in tenth grade which basically against the spirit of the comprehensive high school. The public schools in urban area applying both vocational and academic programs have better achievements. The reasons for better achievements of CHS include：(1) The more willingly the students join inner-school contests and the higher student-teacher rate a school has, the more students enter higher education level. It might be the urban schools normally with higher student-teacher rate. On the contrary the more students major in vocational program, the less the proportion of students enter higher education level. (2) The higher rate of teachers equipped with second speciality and the students majoring in vocational program, the higher the employment rate. (3) The more students take part in contests, the number of computers a school has for students to surf on the Internet, and the number of literature of teachers have published, the higher rate of getting technical certificate per student is. Conversely the more subsidy for each student doesn't guarantee higher rate of getting technical certificate per student. Therefore, the Ministry of Education should not use the subsidy as the main way to assist schools to transform, furthermore it ought to confine closely the qualification of the subsidized school to avoid those schools only looking for the subsidy but not the ideal of CHS.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2008. / Adviser: Rosemarye Taylor. Includes bibliographical references (p. 166-171).

Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 82-87). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 171-182). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tennessee Technological University, 2006. / Bibliography: leaves 108-114.

This paper describes the evolution of Chinese comprehensive planning and proposes a number of recommendations related to the country's economic development and political reform, based on analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the current approaches to comprehensive planning. Chinese urban planning has a long history. Its origin can be traced back to 5,000 years ago. The urban planning approaches advanced along with the development of Chinese cities. During the long history, Chinese people formulated a unique way of urban planning. The different urban planning approaches have specifically identifiable features in different historic periods. Particularly, with the establishment of the socialist regime in China in 1949, complete and systematic urban planning approaches were created. Today, when the country is proceeding with economic and political reforms, the reform of comprehensive planning approaches has also been undertaken in a significant way. The author poses a number of viewpoints for the potential transformation of the approaches in China, with particular emphasis on the change of planning mechanism (including planning process and implementation) and citizen participation. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

DNUR / Sexual and reproductive health services include family-planning or contraception, pre-natal care, safe births and post-natal care, safe and accessible post-abortion care and where legal, access to safe abortion services, prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancers, sexual health information, and counselling. Adolescents face many sexual and reproductive health risks, ranging from teenage pregnancy, early unprotected sex, and sexually transmitted infections. Every year one in twenty young people worldwide contracts sexually transmitted infections, and currently, fifty percent of HIV infections occur in young people aged 15-24 years. Teenage pregnancy is at alarming rate among school girls. The overall aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive sexual and reproductive health programme for secondary school learners in Capricorn and Mopani Districts of Limpopo Province, South Africa. Three objectives which guided programme development were: 1. to assess the knowledge of secondary school learners about SRH issues, 2. to assess teachers’ views about the impact of the existing SRH programmes for adolescents and 3. to explore the perceptions of parents towards the provision of SRH services in schools. Sequential mixed methods approach was used where the initial quantitative phase was followed by qualitative phase. Three steps were used as the basis for developing the programme. Step 1 used quantitative descriptive survey to assess the knowledge of learners about sexual and reproductive health issues. Step 2 also used quantitative descriptive survey to assess teachers’ views about the impact of the existing sexual and reproductive health programmes provided in schools. An exploratory qualitative method was used in step 3 to explore the perceptions of parents towards the provision of sexual and reproductive health services in schools. The study population comprised of learners, teachers and parents. Probability and non-probability sampling methods were used. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from learners and teachers, while in-depth face-to-face interviews were used to collect qualitative data from parents. Quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. Qualitative data was analysed using Techs’ technique. Reliability and validity as well as trustworthiness were ensured. Ethical principles were adhered to throughout the study. Results indicated that (63%; n=69) learners were sexually active lacked knowledge about contraception (80%; n=40), STIs (38%; n=32) and (33%; n=37) had been pregnant and the mean age was 17. Eighty six (86%; n= 97) reported inaccessibility to sexual and reproductive health services. About (55%, n= 19) teachers were found to be inadequately trained and lacked training manuals. Most teachers reflected ineffectiveness of the existing programmes as evidenced by high pregnancy rates. Parents reflected difficulty in communicating sexual and reproductive health issues with teenagers and lack of knowledge, thus indicating the importance of the programme in schools. Parents also indicated the relevancy of teachers in facilitating the programme and collaboration between the Department of Education and the Department of Health. Dickoff’s six elements of the survey list was used to develop the programme. Programme validation was done by involving participants to evaluate it by completing questionnaires. The programme will empower learners to deal with sexual and reproductive health issues, resulting in decreased teenage pregnancy and other sexual risks. Collaboration and support were the recommendations directed to both the Department of Education and the Department of Health. Further research was also recommended. / NRF

No description available.